Texas Natives

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Texas Natives

• Chapter 31

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Scientists Believe That 35,000 Years Ago

• Nomadic Ancestors of Native Americans Migrated
  to North America Over a Land Bridge from Asia -
  Across the Bering Strait

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Ancient Native Hunters Followed Herds
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People Reached Texas 10,000 Years Ago These
Groups Became the Modern Native Americans
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What is an Archaeologist ?
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An Archaeologist studies physical, material
remains or artifacts of past civilizations
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What is an Artifact?

• tools
• artwork
• pottery
• baskets

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What is an Anthropologist ?

• An anthropologist studies the origin, movement,
  and way of life of people
• their CULTURE

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Rock Art, Pictographs
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Paleolithic Era - 10,000 Years Ago

• hunters
• mammoths, mastodons
• nomadic
• tools
• spears and darts

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Mammoth
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Atlatl
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Archaic Age - 8,000 Years Ago

• large game disappeared
• climate warmer and drier
• smaller game hunted
• specialized tools axes, drills, scrapers,
  grinders
• gathered/foraged for berries, nuts, and roots

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Specialized Tools
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Eventually Hunters Settled

• They Became Farmers

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Typical Crops

• peanuts
• corn
• tomatoes
• beans
• pumpkins
• squash
• cotton

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How Did Peoples Lives Change Through Farming ?

• dependable food source
• population grew
• villages grew
• More advanced societies
• leisure activities
• religion
• calendars
• language

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Different Cultures Emerged

• different languages, customs, clothing, shelter,
  beliefs

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Culture is a Way of Life that includes peoples
language, customs, and beliefs
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Groups of People Formed Tribes and Adapted to
Their Physical Environment in Different Regions