Other vertebrates

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Other vertebrates
Phylum Chordata   7 Classes Chondrichthyes --
sharks Agnatha jawless fish
(lampreys) Osteichthyes bony
fish Amphibia Reptilia Aves Mammalia    

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• Amphibians
• Salamanders -- predators
• Streams
• Hellbenders, Desmognathus -- fish with legs
• Lakes
• Tiger salamanders breed in temporary pools
• Newts

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• Amphibians (cont.)
• Frogs and toads immatures aquatic scrapers,
  adults terrestrial predators but often feed on
  adult aquatic insects

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2. Reptiles Water snakes Turtles Crocodiles and
alligators Mostly predators except some turtles
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• Birds 11 orders with representatives that are
  closely associated with freshwater
• Egrets, Herons waders, predators
• Gulls, pelicans predators
• Ducks, geese predators, grazers
• geese feed terrestrially, defecate in water
  add nutrients
• Cormorants, anhengas divers, predators
• Eagles, ospreys, kingfishers predators
• Spoonbills, flamingos filter feeders,
  zooplankton
• Sandpipers -- invertebrates

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4. Mammals Bears piscivores sometimes Beavers
Ecosystem engineers 60-400 Million in NA
before Europeans Almost extinct, 6-12 million
today Convert streams ?lakes Feed
terrestrially Moose grazers Hippos terrestrial
grazers Coons predators Otters, mink
predators Platypus invertebrates Manatees
feed on aquatic plants