Light Bulbs

1
Light Bulbs
2
How Is the Light Bulb Made From Earth Materials?

• Made of glass and metal, filled with inert gas
  (usually argon)
• Glass made of silica (sand), potassium or soda,
  and lime
• Materials melted into liquid, then cooled at air
  temperature
• Wires are made from earth minerals
• Wires melted, molded into shape desired, then
  cooled to become solid

3
Where the Materials of a Light Bulb Comes From

• The silica from glass is hydraulically mined-it
  is removed with high pressure water devices
• Potassium is mined from underground deposits
  They are mostly shaft mined, but some are
  dissolve mined (water dissolve, evaporate)
• Lime is mined from limestone deposits Holes are
  drilled into limestone then blasted out using
  dynamite charges

4
How Glass Is Refined

• Silica, potassium, and lime are melted to become
  a liquid form
• Molten glass dipped by end of hollow blowpipe
• Pipe rotated until right amount is gathered on
  end, then withdrawn
• Glass then attached to pontil iron and cut from
  blowpipe
• Shaped by using a tool and wooden paddle
• Placed in annealing oven to slowly cool and harden

5
How Parts of Light Bulb Are Made Into the Form
Seen at Home

• All parts of light bulb put together by machines
• Power wires hold together tungsten filament
• When tungsten filament is heated light and heat
  energies are produced
• Glass bulb protects things inside light bulb and
  prevents inert gas from escaping

6
Conservation Efforts

• The alternative to glass is plastic
• Glass is recycled by melting
• Recycled glass can be used as a filler for paints
  and plastics
• Crushed glass used as water filtration media
• Glass sand used as a bedding material for block
  paving