EL NINO RELATED DROUGHT IN THE SEMI ARID REGION OVER SOUTHERN MADAGASCAR V. Anne Marie RAMIANDRISOA

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EL NINO RELATED DROUGHT IN THE SEMI ARID
REGION OVER SOUTHERN MADAGASCARV. Anne Marie
RAMIANDRISOADIRECTION GENERALEDE LA
METEOROLOGIEMADAGASCAR
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OUTLINE

• Climate background
• Correlation between rainfall index (southwestern
  ) and ENSO
  
• Impacts of drought over southwestern Madagascar
• Conclusion

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I. Climate background Annual precip
1000 to 1500 mm
1500 to 2000 mm
2000 mm
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Summer precip NOV-APR
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MAY-OCT precip
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Max Temp
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Min Temp
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ANNUAL PRECIPITATION

• Main causes of climate variability
• Geographical location
• Relief
• The ocean and the wind regimes
• East wet throughout the year
• Highlands summer rainy season
• Southwest subtropical dry
• Northwest tropical with heavy summer rainfall.

ZCIT
Trade winds
SICZ
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SICZ

• The SICZ or South Indian convergence Zone is a
  tropical-extratropical cloudbands that link a
  tropical low over latitude southern Africa with a
  westerly disturbance passing south of the
  landmass.

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MAP OF WORLD ARID AREA
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II. Correlation between rainfall index
(southwestern ) and ENSO
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El Nino precip La Nina
precip
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Number of Tropical disturbance 2.5x2.5 de 1911
à 2008
71
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Max 1964/65, 1974/75, 1983/84, 1993/94,
2006/2007Min 1982/83, 1962/63, 1986/87, 1998/99
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Low TC season precip
High TC season precip
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III. Impacts of drought over southwestern
Madagascar Prevalence of households vulnerable
to shocks
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Prevalence of food insecure households
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Conclusion

• - Drought is evident over southern Madagascar
  during El Nino. So, ENSO prediction helps to
  prevent the rainfall variability over the
  semi-arid area of Madagascar.

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• THANK YOU