Shoulder Girdle

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Shoulder Girdle

• KIN 245

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Bones of the Shoulder Girdle

• Scapula (shoulder)
• Clavicle (small key)
• Link to Axial skeleton via sternoclavicular joint
  (an anterior joint)
• Lack of posterior attachment to the axial
  skeleton allows for a wide ROM
• Functions to allow attachment areas for numerous
  muscles that move the shoulder and elbow

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Landmarks

• Borders
• superior, medial, lateral
• Angles
• inferior, superior
• Acromion process
• Spine of scapula
• Glenoid fossa
• Coracoid process (like a crows beak)
• Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapular fossa

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Joints of theShoulder Girdle

• Sternoclavicular
• sternum (manibrum) and clavicle
• arthrodial (gliding) joint
• ligaments
• anterior sternoclavicular ligament
• posterior sternoclavicular ligament
• costoclavicular ligament
• interclavicular ligament

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Joints of theShoulder Girdle

• Acromioclavicular
• Acromion Process of scapula and clavicle
• arthrodial (gliding) joint
• ligaments
• coracoclavicular ligaments
• trapezoid ligament
• conoid ligament
• superior inferior acromioclavicular ligaments

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Joints of theShoulder Girdle

• Scapulothoracic Joint
• Scapula and thoracic region
• not really synovial joint
• supported by muscles, not ligaments

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Movements allowed bythe Shoulder Girdle

• Abduction (Protraction)
• Adduction (Retraction)
• Inward (downward) rotation inferior angle moves
  medially
• Outward (upward) rotation
• Depression inferior movement
• Elevation superior movement

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Muscles of theShoulder Girdle

• Posterior
• trapezius
• levator scapula
• rhomboids (major and minor)
• Anterior
• pectoralis minor
• seratus anterior
• subclavius

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Trapezius (p134)

• Origin
• Superior nuchal line
• Occipital protuberance
• Ligamentum nuchae
• C7 and T12 vetebrae

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Trapezius

• Insertion
• Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
• Acromion process of scapula
• Spine of scapula

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Trapezius

• Action
• Scapula
• adduction
• elevation
• depression
• outward rotation
• Head
• extension / hyperextension
• rotation
• lateral flexion

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Levator Scapulae (p129)

• Origin
• Transverse processes of the 1st four cervical
  vertebrae
• Insertion
• Vertebral (medial) border of the scapula above
  base of scapular spine
• Action
• Scapula elevation, inward rotation, adduction

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Rhomboid Muscles (p131)

• Origin
• Lower part of ligamentum nuchae
• Spinous process of the 7th cervical and 1st five
  thoracic vert.
• Insertion
• Vertebral border of the scapula

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Rhomboid Muscles

• Action
• Scapular
• adduction
• inward rotation
• elevation

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Serratus Anterior (p132)

• Origin
• lateral, anterior surface of the upper 8/9 ribs
• Insertion
• Anterior aspect of the vertebral border of the
  scapula

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Serratus Anterior

• Action
• Scapular
• abduction
• outward rotation
• depression

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Pectoralis Minor (p130)

• Origin
• Anterior surfaces of the 3rd - 5th ribs
• Insertion
• Coracoid process of scapula
• Action
• Rib elevation
• Scapular depression

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Subclavius (p133)

• Origin
• Superior aspect of 1st rib (around costal
  cartilage)
• Insertion
• Inferior groove mid-portion of clavicle
• Action
• scapular depression
• stabilization of sternoclavicular jt.

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Summary

• Shoulder Girdle
• bones clavicle, scapula
• joints
• sternoclavicular
• acromioclavicular
• scapulothoracic
• muscles
• anterior pectoralis minor, serratus anterior,
  subclavius
• posterior levator scapulae, rhomboids, trapezius

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Shoulder Girdle

• The arm travels through a wide range of
  movements, the scapula cooperates by placing the
  glenoid fossa in the most favorable position for
  the head of the humerus (scapulohumeral rhythm)

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Movements of the Shoulder Girdle

• Clavicle
• elevation, depression
• protraction, retraction (or forward and backward
  horizontal movements)
• Scapula
• elevation, depression
• abduction, adduction
• inward and outward rotation

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Muscle Analysis Chart

• Identify muscles that move the scapula
• abduction
• adduction
• elevation
• depression
• upward rotation
• downward rotation

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Muscles that move the scapula

• abduction
• serratus anterior
• pectoralis minor
• adduction
• trapezius (middle and lower fibers)
• rhomboids

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Muscles that move the scapula

• elevation
• trapezius (upper middle fibers)
• levator scapulae
• rhomboids (slight)
• depression
• trapezius (lower fibers)
• pectoralis minor
• subclavius (clavicle depression)

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Muscles that move the scapula

• outward rotation
• trapezius (middle and lower fibers)
• serratus anterior
• inward rotation
• rhomboids
• Levator scapulae