Sustainable success in large sport events : a Resource Based-View

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Sustainable success in large sport events a
Resource Based-View

• Lionel MALTESE

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A recent event

• The French Open is just finished and its always
  an example of important sport, public and
  financial success
• Its success arises from a combination of
  organizational capacities, athletic performances,
  contributions from sponsors and partners and
  actions by the mass media.
• So

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• Using Resource Based-View framework (with an
  obvious resources identification) in large sport
  events
• we want to  understand
•     How specific strategic resources in sport
  events can lead to sustainable success  ?
• In other words, our research topic is about
  interaction between specific sport events
  resources and organizational capacities with the
  aim of complete success.

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Research interests

• RBV framework
• tangible resources (equipment, contracts,)
• intangible resources (skills, reputation,)

• Sport event
• low studied empirical field
• no classic organization

Can we apply RBV framework (of  standard
organization ) to sport events, considered as
specific annual organizations?
A qualitative approach the  best  way to
understand all success dimensions
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Expectations

• Are  psychological contracts  really the way of
  invisible interactions between resources and
  capacities?
• Can we talk about  dominoes logic 
• for success sport success involves financial
  and public success
• for resources a particular resource involves
  other resources development.

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Literature RBV applications (1/3)

• Field and Interesting observations
• Seven major Hollywood film studios AND
  performance implications in predictable as
  opposed to uncertain environments (Miller D.
  Shamsie J. 1996).
• Penn State Universitys football program AND
  success criteria success on the field,
  financial performance and athletes education
  (Smart, D. L. Wolfe, R. A. 2000).
• Owens-Corning (Fiberglas) and Canadian freestyle
  team
• MARAP and sports event, athletes AND understand
  sport sponsorship as a strategic resource (Amis,
  J Pant, N. Slack, T. 1997).

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Literature RBV applications (2/3)

• Property-based Knowledge-based discret
  (exclusive contracts or technical skills) or
  systemic (distribution networks..) (Miller D.
  Shamsie J. 1996).
• Physical (stadium, training facilities,
  equipment,) human (players or coaches) and
  Organizational (history, trust, relationships,
  culture,) (Smart, D. L. Wolfe, R. A. 2000).
• Sport sponsorship properties heterogeneity,
  imperfect imitability, imperfect mobility,
  ex-ante limits to competition (Amis, J Pant, N.
  Slack, T. 1997).

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Literature RBV applications (3/3)

• Method and data
• Longitudinal study with correlation analysis and
  quantitative data (financial performance) (Miller
  D. Shamsie J. 1996).
• One particular case study and descriptive
  statistics from NCAA, participant observations
  (Smart, D. L. Wolfe, R. A. 2000).
• 2 cases studies successfull and unsuccessfull
  sponsorship and Semistructured interviews with
  key individuals responsible (Amis, J Pant, N.
  Slack, T. 1997).

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Become
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Pre-requisites

• In each sport event, every resource leads to
  success.
• For all sport events, resources interact all
  together in the same way.
• Sport event resources have RBV properties VRIO
  framework (Value, Rareness, Imitability,
  Organizationally exploited).

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First phase 2 exceptional cases in France

• Roland Garros is an exceptional event because of
  its history (1891), financial rents (TV rights),
  athlete performances, long term contracts,
  organization history.
• Tour de France is an exceptional event because of
  its history (1903), financial rents (TV rights),
  unique athlete performances, long term contracts,
  geography.

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Second phase 2 Successfull and 2 unsuccessfull
cases

• ATP International tennis tournament series.

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Qualitative results link between key actors and
analysis units (50 active interviews)
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First findings R. Brunet (IMG, players agent).

• The athlete is not really a strategic resource
   every year we have different kind of
  champions .
• Roland Garros helps national and international
  training camps for players.

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First findings J.C. Blanc (Roland Garros
director).

• Sport success leads to public and financial
  success.
• Media exposition is a best choice than TV rights.
• French culture is a particularity of the event.
• Roland Garros managers need social networks,
  public relations, psychological contracts. These
  are considered as unobservable and intangible
  skills.

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Recapitulation

• The research tries to demonstrate that the RBV of
  the firm has a great utility for furthering our
  understanding of sport event success.
• Its interesting for strategic management
  research in sence that the application in a new
  kind of organization.
• Reputation is a  corner-stone  of all
  resources. Psychological contracts have an impact
  on resources linking.

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Extensions

•  French touch  in organizing big events
  Cannes Festival, Roland Garros, Tour de France,
  Monaco
• Interest in dangerous or unreliable resources in
  uncertain environments

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New questions?

• First surprising finding how to take mass
  media, sponsors, players, institutions under
  control, with  psychological contracts ?
• In the case of the 4 international tennis series
  events we have to consider players fees!