Modern Africa

1
Modern Africa

• Decolonization
• Political Problems
• Economic Problems
• AIDS
• Progress South Africa

2
African Independence

• 1945 4 independent nations
• End of century 53 independent nations
• Kwame Nkrumah Pan Africanism
• Gold Coast - Ghana

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4
Political Problems

• Tribalism
• Rwanda Tutsi v. Hutus
• Somalia Black Hawk Down
• Artificial boundaries the OAU
• Lack of Experience with Democracy
• Ghana Kwame Nkrumah
• Kenya Jomo Kenyatta
• More than half experienced military coups-54
  coups between 1952-85

5
Economic Problems

• Dependency Colonial economies
• Poverty
• Debt
• 32 of 47 least developed countries in Africa
• Population
• growing faster (3.3) than economies (2 ave.)
• Environment
• Different strategies
• Capitalism Kenya, Ivory Coast
• Socialism Ethiopia, Angola, Mozambique

6
AIDS Crisis In 2001

• 24.5 million Africans with HIV/AIDS
• (Rest of world 9.8 million)
• 17 million Africans died of AIDS
• More than 3.7 million of them children
• 12 million children orphaned by AIDS
• 9 of adults infected with HIV/AIDS

7
South Africa

• Apartheid racial separation (1948)
• 1970s reforms to prolong white domination
• African National Congress
• Nelson Mandela
• F.W. de Klerk

Mandela