Tourism Planning

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Tourism Planning

• Lecture 3

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What is tourism planning?

• In recent decades many places have turned to
  travel and tourism as a way to improve their
  economic and social conditions.
• (examples developing countries encouraging
  tourism)
• Tourism in not an automatic cure for social and
  economic conditions, and it can sometimes lead to
  other problems itself.

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What is tourism planning?

• There must be careful planning and consideration
  of the costs and benefits of the tourism
  activity/facility.
• A tourism plan provides an overall vision social
  and economic goals for the area that wants to
  grow its tourism, and it provides a roadmap for
  the years ahead.

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Planning

• Murphy (1985) suggests
• Planning is concerned with anticipating and
  regulating change in a system to promote orderly
  development so as to increase the social,
  economic and environmental benefits of the
  development process. To do this, planning becomes
  an ordered sequence of operations, designed to
  lead to the achievement of either a single goal
  or to a balance between several goals (p.156).

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Tourism planning

• Spanoudis (1982) proposes that
• Tourism planning must always proceed within the
  framework of an overall plan for the development
  of an areas total resources and local
  conditions and demands must be satisfied before
  any other considerations are met (p.314).

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The components of the tourism planning process
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What is tourism planning?
Bad Planning Good Planning
Lead to overcrowding of local facilities  Hurts the natural environment  Commodification of local culture and loss of cultural identity Inflate local land values Increase prices of goods and services for local residents Increase employment  Raises incomes and improves the quality of life Development of infrastructures Stimulate local business Increase government revenues Preserve cultural and natural resources Promote environmental protection  
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Who is involved in tourism planning?

• Developing the tourist potential for an area is
  typically a joint effort between
• PUBLIC SECTOR (various levels of Government)
• PRIVATE SECTOR (For-Profit Businesses and
  Individuals)

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What does the public sector do?

• The Role of the Public Sector is to make the area
  desirable for the private sector to invest. This
  includes
• Constructing Workable Infrastructures
• (Transportation, water, sewage, parks)
• Providing Services
•         (Education, health care, recreational)
• Promoting and Marketing the Region
• Providing Incentives
• - Financial (low interest loans)
• - Reduction in Costs (reduced tax on building
  materials, lower land costs, risk-free marketing,
  )

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What does the private sector do?

• They base their tourism planning decisions on
  what the tourists want and will buy
• They could be a large-scale private business
  (like a hotel chain) that is looking for new
  areas to expand into, or it can be a small-scale
  private business (bed breakfast)

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What are the steps

• Ideally a tourism plan accomplishes the
  following
• What is the goal for increasing tourism , what is
  the business situation past, present and
  future, what is the market like
• Prepare a Preliminary Plan
• Approval of plan by stakeholders
• Developing a final plan
• Completing the project

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Means of achieving tourism planning

• Tourism planning reveals that it operates at
  three levels
• The site
• The destination
• The region.
• Tourism planning provide a set of guidelines for
  the actions of
• The government
• Private sector organizations, corporations,
  businesses
• Interest groups
• Host communities

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In a commitment to the achievement of a
satisfactory tourism planning policy it is common
for sets of objectives to focus on the following
issues

• Economic
• - To optimize the contribution of tourism and
  recreation to economic prosperity, full
  employment, regional economic development, and
  improved international balance of payments.
• Socia-Cultural
• - To contribute to the personal growth and
  education of the population and encourage their
  appreciation of the local geography, history, and
  ethnic diversity.
• - To avoid encouraging activities that have the
  potential to undermine or denigrate the social
  and cultural values and resources of the area and
  its traditions and lifestyles.
• Market Development
• - To encourage the free entry of foreign
  visitors, while balancing this goal with the need
  to monitor persons and goods entering the country
  with laws protecting public health.

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Contd

• Resource Protection and Conservation
• - To protect and preserve the historical and
  cultural foundations as a living part of
  community life and development and to ensure
  future generations an opportunity to enjoy the
  rich heritage of the area.
• - To ensure the compatibility of tourism,
  recreational, and activity policies with other
  broader interests in energy development and
  conservation, environmental protection, and
  judicious use of natural resources.
• Human Resource Development
• - To ensure that tourism has an adequate supply
  of professionally-trained skilled and managerial
  staff to meet its future needs.
• - To ensure that the education and training
  programmes and materials are available to meet
  the needs of tourism.
• Government Operations
• - To coordinate government activities related to
  tourism
• - To take a leadership role
• - To support the needs of tourists, residents and
  tourism businesses with appropriate legislation
  and administration.

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• Thank You