Comprehensive Evaluations of LNG Transfer Technology for Offshore LNG Development

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Comprehensive Evaluations of LNG Transfer
Technology for Offshore LNG Development
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Summary

• Marine LNG terminal concepts
• LNG transfer system technologies
• LNG system component
• System evaluations
• Conclusions

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GBS - Port Pelican Project
ChevronTexaco
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Floating LNG Facilities
Courtesy of IHI
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Floating Storage Regasification Unit
FSRU
Courtesy of Moss Maritime
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LNG Transfer Technologies

• Boom to tanker and tandem loading systems (BTT)
• Offshore cryogenic loading system (OCL)
• Soft yoke system (SBM)
• Big sweep system (Bluewater)
• Eurodim conceptual systems (Eurodim)

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Boom to Tanker (BTT)
Courtesy of FMC
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OCL System
Courtesy of OCL Group
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SBM Floating Soft Yoke
Courtesy of SBM
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FLNG-based Big Sweep
Courtesy of Bluewater
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Eurodim Concepts
Courtesy of Eurodim
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System Components

• FMC Chicksan loading arms
• Cryogenic loading hoses
• - Coflexip aerial hose floating hose
• - OCL system cryogenic hoses
• Amplitude LNG Loading System (ALLS)
• Subsea cryogenic pipelines
• - Jacket insulated pipelines
• - Vacuum Insulated Pipelines

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Subsea Cryogenic Pipelines

• ITP InTerPipe subsea cryogenic pipelines
• - Nickel alloy inner pipe, carbon steel outer
  pipes
• - Eliminate the need for a jetty
• - Not limited by length, diameter or water
  depth
• Chart Industries vacuum insulated pipelines
• - Connect pipe section with bellow
  arrangements
• - Used at Trinidad LNG plant as a 4 cool down
  line
• - Used at Everett LNG receiving terminal

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System Evaluations Criteria

• Technical status and qualification
• System design and performance
• Operability and maintainability
• Safety and environmental
• Cost and schedule
• Shipping and marketing
• Subjective weighting of each criterion above is
  project specific

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Technical Status / Qualification

• Level of development
• Technical maturity level
• Quality and depth of program
• Gap identification and closure
• Participation by certifying agency
• Success confidential level

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Rating and Scoring
Excellent Highly efficient, minimal cost
Very good Improved performance, moderate cost, uninterrupted operations
Good Competitive capital cost, satisfies regulatory
Satisfactory Affordable, satisfies minimum regulatory
Fair Expensive, meets minimum regulatory
Poor Many shortfalls, excessive cost, below regulatory and uneconomic
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Common Concerns

• Lack of a common connector technology
• - Bow loading system
• - Amidships loading system
• Flexibility for terminal and ship
• - To send our LNG carriers to any terminals
• - To accept any LNG carriers at our terminals

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Conclusions

• Many innovative offshore LNG transfer systems are
  available and reviewed
• Criteria for evaluation are safety,
  environmental, technical, commercial and
  political drivers
• Common connectors and interfaces are important
• Need to maximize the utilization of vessels and
  offshore LNG terminals
• This paper offers a methodology for evaluating
  various LNG transfer technologies for successful
  deployment of offshore LNG