What about la Francophonie

1
What aboutla Francophonie?

• Dr. Will Thompson
• The University of Memphis
• TFLTA 2008

2

• What is the present socio-economic reality of
  those countries and regions that comprise La
  Francophonie, especially in terms of their place
  in a global economy?
• How can we use this information as the basis for
  classroom discussion and/or student projects on
  la Francophonie?

3
What is La Francophonie?

• Term first used in 1871
• Vague and unofficial concept
• Historical, geographical, political, and cultural
  implications
  
• Its definition can fluctuate depending on the
  context in which it is used
  
• La Francophonie est une communauté de peuples
  très divers vivant sur les cinq continents et
  unis par la langue française.
  

4
What is La Francophonie?

• Those countries where French is the official
  language or one of them
  
• Those countries where French is the native
  language of a significant percentage of the
  population
  
• Those countries in which French is a major
  language of communication
  
• Those countries in which the French language has
  important cultural and historoical significance

5
Why La Francophonie?

• EDUCATE students about the diversity of the
  French-speaking world
  
• ADVOCATE for the importance of French as a global
  language
  
• EXTRAPOLATE from this information to expose
  students to a myriad of social and economic
  issues affecting the world today

6
La Francophonie

• LUXEMBOURG
• MADAGASCAR
• MALI MAROC
• MAURICE
• MAURITANIE
• MAYOTTE
• MONACO
• NIGER
• REPUBLIQUE CENTRAFICAINE
• RWANDA
• SENEGAL
• SEYCHELLES
• SUISSE
• TCHAD
• TOGO
• TUNISIE
• VANUATU
• VIETNAM

• ALGERIE
• BELGIQUE
• BENIN
• BURKINA FASO
• BURUNDI
• CAMBODGE
• CAMEROUN
• CANADA QUEBEC
• COMORES
• CONGO
• CONGO Rép. Dém.
• COTE DIVOIRE
• DJIBOUTI
• FRANCE
• GABON
• GUINEE
• GUINEE EQUATORIALE
• HAITI
• LIBAN

7
les DOM-ROM (or DROM)Départments et Régions
dOutre-Mer

• GUADELOUPE
• GUYANE FRANÇAISE
• MARTINIQUE
• MAYOTTE
• NOUVELLE CALEDONIE
• POLYNESIE FRANCAISE
• REUNION
• SAINT-BARTHÉLÉMY
• SAINT-MARTIN
• SAINT-PIERRE ET MIQUELON
• WALLIS ET FUTUNA

8
ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALEDE LA FRANCOPHONIE

• 55 États et gouvernements membres et 13
  observateurs.
  
• ALBANIE ANDORRE ARMENIE observateur
• AUTRICHE observateur BELGIQUE BENIN
• BULGARIE BURKINA FASO BURUNDI
• CAMBODGE CAMEROUN CANADA
• CANADA, N. BRUNSWICK CANADA, QUEBEC CAP-VERT
• CENTRAFRIQUE CHYPRE membre associé COMM FRAN DE
  BELGIQUE
  
• COMORES CONGO CONGO RD
• COTE DIVOIRE CROATIE observateur DJIBOUTI
• DOMINIQUE EGYPTE EX-REP YOUG. DE MACEDOINE
• FRANCE GABON GEORGIE observateur
• GHANA membre associé GRECE GUINEE
• GUINEE BISSAU GUINEE EQUATORIALE HAITI
• HONGRIE observateur LAOS LIBAN
• LITUANIE observateur LUXEMBOURG MADAGASCAR
• MALI MAROC MAURICE
• MAURITANIE MOLDAVIE MONACO
• MOZAMBIQUE observateur NIGER POLOGNE
  observateur
  

9

• WHAT ARE SOME OF THE WAYS THAT WE CAN OBTAIN SOME
  PERSPECTIVE ON THIS LARGE NUMBER OF COUNTRIES AND
  REGIONS MOST OF WHICH WE HAVENT VISITED AND
  PROBABLY WONT ANY TIME SOON!?

10
Global Rankings

• Population
• Gross Domestic Product
• GDP per capita
• UN Human Development report
• Global Competitiveness
• Corruption Perceptions

11
Population The Top 12

• FRANCE INCL. OVERSEAS 64,102,140 19
• CONGO DR 62,636,000 21
• CANADA 32,956,000 36
• MADAGASCAR 19,683,000 55
• COTE DIVOIRE 19,262,000 57
• CAMEROUN 18,549,000 58
• BURKINA FASO 14,784,000 63
• NIGER 14,226,000 65
• SENEGAL 12,379,000 70
• MALI 12,337,000 71
• TCHAD 10,781,000 75
• BELGIQUE 10,457,000 77

12
GDP

• A region's gross domestic product, or GDP, is one
  of the ways for measuring the size of its
  economy. The GDP of a country is defined as the
  market value of all final goods and services
  produced within a country in a given period of
  time. It is also considered the sum of value
  added at every stage of production of all final
  goods and services produced within a country in a
  given period of time. Source
  www.wikipedia.org
• IN MILLIONS OF US DOLLARS, 2005
• SOURCE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
• OUT OF 181 COUNTRIES

13
GDP

• FRANCE 2,234,631,000,000 6
• CANADA 1,269,096,000,000 8
• BELGIQUE 393,590,000,000 17
• SUISSE 377,240,000,000 20
• LUXEMBOURG 40,577,000,000 65

14
GDP contd.

• CAMEROUN 18,372,000,000 88
• COTE DIVOIRE 17,339,000,000 91
• SENEGAL 9,242,000,000 109
• GUINEE EQUATORIALE 9,135,000,000 110
• GABON 9,124,000,000 112
• CONGO REP. DEM. 8,543,000,000 115
• CONGO 7,399,000,000 119
• TCHAD 6,547,000,000 122
• MAURICE 6,402,000,000 124
• MALI 6,191,000,000 128
• BURKINA FASO 6,055,000,000 130
• MADAGASCAR 5,489,000,000 132

15
GDP contd.

• BENIN 4,760,000,000 134
• HAITI 4,473,000,000 135
• NIGER 3,550,000,000 137
• GUINEE 3,317,000,000 140
• RWANDA 2,397,000,000 149
• TOGO 2,210,000,000 151
• REP CENTRAFRICAINE 1,488,000,000 155
• BURUNDI 908,000,000 163
• DJIBOUTI 768,000,000 165
• SEYCHELLES 749,000,000 166
• COMORES 402,000,000 172
• VANUATU 387,000,000 173

16
GDP per capita 2007International Monetary
Fund

• LUXEMBOURG 79,660 2
• SUISSE 39,963 6
• CANADA 35,729 12
• BELGIQUE 34,458 14
• FRANCE 33,414 18
• GUINEE EQUAT. 30,610 22
• GABON 15,177 41
• SEYCHELLES 14,412 44
• MAURICE 11,276 56

17
GDP per capita 2

• VANUATU 3,695 106
• CONGO 3,512 109
• CAMEROUN 2,124 124
• DJIBOUTI 2,061 126
• COTE DIVOIRE 1,673 133
• SENEGAL 1,666 134
• TCHAD 1,478 138
• BENIN 1,312 142
• HAITI 1,311 143
• COMORES 1,149 147
• GUINEE 1,140 148

18
GDP per capita 3

• BURKINA FASO 1,124 149
• MALI 1,084 150
• MADAGASCAR 935 153
• RWANDA 867 154
• TOGO 809 155
• REP CENTRAFRICAINE 714 160
• NIGER 628 162
• BURUNDI 341 166
• CONGO REP. DEM. 298 167

19
Human Development

• The United Nations Human Development Report
  compiles the human development index that looks
  beyond GDP to a broader definition of well-being.
  The HDI provides a composite measure of three
  dimensions of human development life expectancy,
  education, and standard living (measured by
  purchasing power parity, income).
• Information adapted from the UNHD website

20
Human Development

• CANADA 4
• SUISSE 7
• FRANCE 10
• BELGIQUE 17
• LUXEMBOURG 18
• SEYCHELLES 50
• MAURICE 65

21
Human Development

• GABON 119
• VANUATU 120
• GUINEE EQUAT. 127
• COMORES 134
• CONGO 139
• MADAGASCAR 143
• CAMEROUN 144
• HAITI 146
• DJIBOUTI 149
• TOGO 152
• SENEGAL 156

• GUINEE 160
• RWANDA 161
• BENIN 163
• COTE DIVOIRE 166
• BURUNDI 167
• R.D. CONGO 168
• TCHAD 170
• REPUBLIQUE CENTRAFRICAINE 171
• MALI 173
• NIGER 174
• BURKINA FASO 176

22
Global Competitiveness

• The World Economic Forums Global
  Competitiveness Report rankings are drawn from a
  combination of hard data and the results of the
  Executive Opinion Survey, a comprehensive annual
  survey conducted by the World Economic Forum,
  together with its partner institutes in the
  countries covered by the Report. This year, over
  11,000 business leaders were polled in a record
  125 economies worldwide.
• Information from WEC website

23
Global Competitiveness2008-2009

• SUISSE 2
• CANADA 10
• FRANCE 16
• BELGIQUE 19
• LUXEMBOURG 25
• MAURICE 56
• SENEGAL 95
• BENIN 104
• CAMEROUN 111
• MADAGASCAR 121
• MALI 114
• BURKINA FASO 123
• BURUNDI 126
• TCHAD 130

24
Corruption Perceptions

• TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL
• CORRUPTION PERCEPTIONS INDEX
• The Transparency International Corruption
  Perceptions Index ranks countries in terms of the
  degree to which corruption is perceived to exist
  among public officials and politicians. It is a
  composite index, a poll of polls, drawing on
  corruption-related data from expert and business
  surveys carried out by a variety of independent
  and reputable institutions. The CPI reflects
  views from around the world, including those of
  experts who are living in the countries
  evaluated.
• Information from Transparency International
  website

25
Corruption Perceptions

• TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL
• CORRUPTION PERCEPTIONS INDEX 2007
• COUNTRY RANKINGS OUT OF 163
• SUISSE 7
• CANADA 9
• LUXEMBOURG 12
• FRANCE 19
• BELGIQUE 21
• MAURICE 53
• SEYCHELLES 57
• SENEGAL 71
• GABON 84
• MADAGASCAR 94

26
Corruption Perceptions

• VANUATU 98
• BURKINA FASO 105
• RWANDA 111
• MALI 118
• BENIN 118
• NIGER 123
• BURUNDI 131
• CAMEROUN 138
• TOGO 143
• CONGO 150
• COTE DIVOIRE 150
• REP CENTRAFRICAINE 162
• GUINEE 168
• GUINEE EQUATORIALE 168
• CONGO REP. DEM. 168
• TCHAD 172
• HAITI 177

27
US Trade with Francophone Countries

• TOTAL TRADE WITH US 2006
• The Big Four or Five
• CANADA INCL. QUEBEC 536,000,000,000
• QUEBEC 82,000,000,000
• FRANCE 61,360,000,000
• BELGIQUE 35,700,000,000
• SUISSE 28,600,000,000

28
US-Francophone Trade 2006

• CONGO 3,230,000,000
• GUINEE EQUAT. 2,290,000,000
• TCHAD 1,980,000,000
• GABON 1,490,000,000
• HAITI 1,310,000,000
• LUXEMBOURG 1,130,000,000
• COTE DIVOIRE 849,000,000

29
US-Francophone Trade 2006

• CAMEROUN 394,000,000
• MADAGASCAR 326,000,000
• MAURICE 254,000,000
• NIGER 252,900,000
• POLYNESIE FRANÇAISE 166,000,000
• GUINEE 158,500,000
• CONGO R.D. 155,800,000
• SENEGAL 118,400,000
• BENIN 116,100,000
• TOGO 112,200,000
• NOUVELLE CALEDONIE 94,200,000
• MARTINIQUE 76,000,000
• GUADELOUPE 67,700,000

30
US-Francophone Trade 2006

• MONACO 65,500,000
• MALI 51,000,000
• DJIBOUTI 51,000,000
• GUYANE FRANÇAISE 33,800,000
• REP CENTRAFRICAINE 29,400,000
• RWANDA 20,600,000
• SEYCHELLES 19,600,000
• BURKINA FASO 19,100,000
• VANUATU 11,400,000
• REUNION 11,400,000
• BURUNDI 8,400,000
• COMORES 1,600,000
• MAYOTTE 300,000
• WALLIS FUTUNA 200,000

31
Total Trade with US 2002Ranking of Francophone
Countries

• OUT OF 251 Countries and Territories
• CANADA INCL. QUEBEC 1
• FRANCE 9
• BELGIQUE 16
• SUISSE 24
• GABON 66
• HAITI 76
• LUXEMBOURG 80
• GUINEE EQUATORIALE 83
• COTE DIVOIRE 89

32
Total Trade with US 2002Ranking of Francophone
Countries

• CAMEROUN 101
• MAURICE 104
• GUYANE FRANCAISE 109
• CONGO 110
• MADAGASCAR 115
• CONGO REP. DEM. 116
• GUINEE 130
• TCHAD 131
• POLYNESIE FRANCAISE 133
• SENEGAL 151
• DJIBOUTI 158
• GUADELOUPE 160
• NOUVELLE CALEDONIE 163
• NIGER 166
• BENIN 170

• SEYCHELLES 171
• MONACO 177
• MARTINIQUE 180
• BURKINA FASO 182
• TOGO 189
• MALI 190
• RWANDA 192
• REP. CENTRAFRICAINE 197
• COMORES 206
• REUNION 208
• VANUATU 211
• BURUNDI 214
• WALLIS ET FUTUNA 227
• MAYOTTE 232

33
What does the U.S. import from France? for
2007

• Civilian aircraft 4.82 billion
• Medical equipment 4.68 billion
• Aircraft engines 3.62 billion
• Artwork/antiques 2.70 billion
• Petroleum products 2.03 billion
• Alcohol other than wine 1.58 billion
• Wine 1.47 billion
• Toiletries and cosmetics 1.36 billion
• Automobile parts 1.00 billion

34
US Direct Investment in Francophone Countries

• US DIRECT INVESTMENT ABROAD 2005
• IN MILLIONS OF DOLLARS
• RANKS OVERALL ARE FOR THE YEARS 1997-2000
• TOTAL 2,069,983
• CANADA 234,831 RANK 2
• SWITZERLAND 83,424 RANK 5
• LUXEMBOURG 61,615
• FRANCE 60,860 RANK 8
• BELGIUM 36,733
• AFRICA 24,257
• AFRICA 14,950
• NOT INCL. EGYPT, NIGERIA, SOUTH AFRICA

35
Foreign Investment in US

• FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE US 2005
• IN MILLIONS OF DOLLARS
• RANKS ARE FOR THE YEARS 1997-2000
• TOTAL 1,635,291
• FRANCE 143,378 RANK 5
• CANADA 144,033 RANK 6
• LUXEMBOURG 116,736 RANK 7
• SWITZERLAND 122,399 RANK 8
• BELGIUM 9,712
• AFRICA 2,564

36
US Aid to Francophone Countries 2004-2005
averageSource OECD

• CONGO R.D. 166,000,000
• HAITI 123,000,000
• MADAGASCAR 61,000,000
• RWANDA 57,000,000
• MALI 52,000,000
• BURUNDI 49,000,000
• GUINEE 47,000,000
• SENEGAL 45,000,000
• COTE DIVOIRE 32,000,000
• BENIN 26,000,000

• NIGER 25,000,000
• BURKINA FASO 19,000,000
• REP. CENTRAFR. 15,000,000
• DJIBOUTI 7,000,000
• TOGO 3,250,000
• GABON 2,300,000
• VANUATU 1,700,000
• MAURICE 700,000
• COMORES 15,000
• GUINEE EQUAT. 15,000

37
Issues With Individual Countries

• Using the previous indicators as a starting
  point, what can further investigation into the
  current socio-economic reality of the individual
  countries mentioned above reveal to us?

38
Sources Used

• BBC Country Profiles
• U.S. Department of State
• Background Notes
• CIA World Factbook
• U.S. Department of Commerce
• Country Commercial Guides

39
Belgique

• Headquarters for EU and NATO
• U.S. is 5 trading partner
• 31.7 of population in Wallonie
• Highest per capita employment in world in terms
  of car assembly
  
• U.S. is 3 destination for Belgian tourists

40
Burkina Faso

• Significant gold reserves
• Cotton is mainstay of economy
• 90 of workforce in agriculture
• China is the major trading partner, along with
  France

41
Comores

• Important exporter of vanilla, cloves, and
  perfume oil
  
• Worlds 2 producer of vanilla
• Tourism potential?
• 20 coups and attempted coups since independence
  in 1975

42
Congo Brazzaville

• Oil production accounts for 39 of GDP and 89 of
  export earnings
  
• Oil industry dominated by Total, but also Chevron
  and Texaco
  
• Workforce is still two-thirds agricultural

43
COTE DIVOIRE

• Very good infrastructure for a developing
  country
  
• Produces 40 of worlds cocoa
• Oil production growing substantially

44
Gabon

• Prosperous due to oil
• Developing eco-tourism
• Petroleum accounts for 43 of GDP and 81 of
  exports U.S. is 53 of export market
  
• 2 in world for manganese deposits used in
  steelmaking

45
And interesting facts about some other
Francophone countries

• Guinée has perhaps one-half of worlds reserves
  of bauxite for aluminum
  
• Luxembourg 79 of GDP is related to banking
• Maurice 90 of cultivated land is dedicated to
  sugar cane
  
• Nouvelle Calédonie has one-fourth of worlds
  nickel deposits

46
And some more facts

• Niger 3 in world for uranium deposits
• Rwanda tea accounts for 60 of exports
• Sénégal Dakar, with its new airport, is an
  increasingly important transportation hub
  
• Seychelles the highest GDP per capita in Africa
  Heinz is the largest employer tuna processing
  plant
  
• Togo 4 world exporter of phosphates

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• VIVE LA FRANCOPHONIE!