Fall Protection for Construction

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Fall Protection for Construction
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Fall hazards in the work area

• Leading edge work
• Overhand bricklaying
• Holes, openings
• Ramps, runways

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Standard applicability

• OSHA requires employers to
• identify, evaluate fall hazards
• provide fall protection
• train employees
• Fall protection in other OSHA rules
• scaffolding
• ladders and stairways
• steel erection

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Fall protection measures

• Surfaces must support employees
• Provide protection
• at 6 feet and above
• any fall into dangerous equipment
• any falling objects

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Fall protection measures

• Guardrail systems
• Safety net systems
• Personal fall arrest systems (PFAS)
• Positioning device systems

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Fall protection measures

• Warning line systems
• Controlled access zones
• Safety monitoring systems
• Covers

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Terms

• Body belt
• Body harness
• Controlled access zone (CAZ)
• Guardrail system
• Personal fall arrest system (PFAS)
• Positioning device system
• Safety-monitoring system
• Warning line system

5a
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Guardrail systems

• Top rails 39 inches to 45 inches
• Meet design/strength requirements

6a
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Safety net systems

• Installed within 30 feet of working surface
• Inspect
• at least once a week
• after any incident

7a
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Personal fall arrest systems

• Body belts are not part of a PFAS
• Components meet design, strength requirements

8a
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Personal fall arrest systems

• If using vertical lifelines, one employee per
  vertical lifeline
• PFAS anchorages for PFAS only

8b
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Personal fall arrest systems

• When stopping a fall
• limit force on employee to 1,800 pounds
• no free fall over 6 feet
• maximum deceleration distance of 3.5 feet

8c
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Positioning device systems

• No free fall over 2 feet
• Components meet design, strength requirements

9a
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Fall protection systems

• Fall protection is needed
• unprotected sides and edges
• hoist areas
• holes
• wall openings
• formwork andreinforcing steel

10a
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Fall protection systems

• Fall protection is needed
• ramps, runways, walkways
• excavations greater than 6-feet deep
• dangerous equipment
• overhand bricklaying

10b
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Fall protection systems

• Fall protection is needed
• roofing work
• leading edge work
• precast concrete erection
• residential construction

10c
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Unprotected sides and edges

• Fall protection options
• guardrail systems
• safety net systems
• PFAS

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Protecting hoist areas

• Fall protection options
• guardrail systems
• PFAS

12a
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Protection for holes

• Covers must
• support specified weights
• be secured in place
• be color coded or marked with a warning

13a
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Protecting wall openings

• Fall protection options
• guardrail systems
• safety net systems
• PFAS

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Formwork and reinforcing steel

• Fall protection options
• PFAS
• safety net system
• positioning device system
• Not required while moving on rebar assemblies

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Ramps, runways, and walkways

• Must have guardrails when employees could fall 6
  feet or more

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Excavations

• Protect excavations 6 feet or more in depth and
  not readily seen by
• guardrail systems
• fences
• barricades

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Falls into dangerous equipment

• Protect workers from falling into/onto dangerous
  equipment at any height

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Overhand bricklaying

• Fall protection options
• guardrail systems
• PFAS
• safety net systems
• controlled access zones

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Overhand bricklaying

• Only masonry and mortar can be stored within 4
  feet of the working edge
• Regularly remove debris

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Roofing on low-slope roofs

• Fall protection options
• guardrail systems
• safety net systems
• PFAS

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Roofing on low-slope roofs - options

• A combination of warning line and
• guardrail systems
• safety net systems
• PFAS
• safety monitoring systems

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Roofing on low-slope roofs - options

• On roofs 50 feet or less in width, can use a
  safety monitoring system alone
• When a safety monitoring system is used
• competent person as safety monitor
• safety monitor has no other duties
• mechanical equipment is not used

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Roofing on low-slope roofs - options

• When a safety monitoring system is used
• authorized employees only follow safety monitor
  warnings

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Roofing on low-slope roofs - options

• When warning line systems are used
• erected around all sides
• at least 6 feet from roof edge
• warning lines form access path
• warning lines meet design/strength requirements

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Roofing on low-slope roofs - options

• Falling object protection
• materials, equipment stored more than 6 feet
  from roof edge unless there are guardrails
• materials stored near a roof edge must be stable

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Roofing on steep roofs

• Fall protection options
• guardrail systems with toeboards
• PFAS
• safety net systems

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Leading edge work

• Leading edge work 6 feet and above
• guardrail systems
• safety net systems
• PFAS
• Must use a fall protection plan if these cant
  be used
• Controlled access zone

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Leading edge work

• Control lines
• 6 to 25 feet from the edge
• along the entire length of the edge
• connected to a guardrail or wall
• flagged, marked at least every 6 feet
• meet design/strength requirements

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Precast concrete erection

• Erecting precast concrete members 6 feet above a
  lower level
• guardrail systems
• safety net systems
• PFAS
• Must use a fall protection plan if these cant be
  used
• Controlled access zone

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Precast concrete erection

• Control line
• 6 to 60 feet from the edge, or
• half the length of the member being erected,
  whichever is less, from the leading edge
• along the entire length of the edge
• connect to a guardrail, wall
• meet design/strength requirements
• flagged, marked at least every 6 feet

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Residential construction

• Fall protection options
• guardrail systems
• safety net systems
• PFAS
• Use a fall protection plan if these are
  infeasible/hazardous

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Fall protection plans

• Can only use a fall protection plan with
• leading edge work
• precast concrete erection work
• residential construction work

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Other walking/working surfaces

• Fall protection options
• guardrail system
• safety net system
• PFAS

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Protection from falling objects

• Wear hard hats
• Employers must also do one of the following
• erect toeboards, screens, guardrails
• erect a canopy keep objects far from the edge
• barricade the area keep workers out

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