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ISLAM: From God or Man?

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Title: ISLAM: From God or Man?


1
ISLAMFrom God or Man?
2
There are Different Kinds of Muslims
  • The secular Muslim
  • - They believe in the nice parts of Islam,
  • but reject the call to jihad
  • - They take on the cultural trappings
  • - The majority of Muslims in both the West
    and the East fall into this category
  • The traditional Muslim
  • - They study and practice Islam
  • - But they have a stumbling block with the
    concept of jihad
  • gt Some consider jihad to be a spiritual
    battle
  • The fundamentalist Muslim
  • - These are the ones practicing terrorism
  • But which category Muslims truly fall into is
    hard to say because they are allowed to lie

3
  • Islam is a religious package containing a
    theology, and ideology, a civil law and political
    worldview that demands complete control of the
    lives of its adherents.

4
the holy books of Islam
  • The Quran (Koran)
  • Islamic Bible
  • - collection of revelations
    supposedly given by Allah to
    Muhammad (through the angel Gabriel)
    and preserved as the Islamic
    scripture.
  • - Absolute,
    infallible, and eternal to
  • Muslims
  • Note It is significant that the revelations
    did not all come at the same time

5
The QURAN
  • A book which we have revealed to you (Muhammad)
    so that you may lead the people from out of the
    darkness into the light by their Lord's leave to
    the path of the All-Mighty, the Praiseworthy."
    (141)

6
The QURAN Muslim View
  • The qur'an is the holy scripture of Muslims.
  • The Angel Gabriel dictated this revelation from
    Allah to Allahs last messenger, prophet Muhammad
    (peace be upon him) about 1400 years ago.
  • The qur'an is a guide to a way of life
  • and it is recited as a form of worship to the
    originator, the All-Mighty Allah.

7
The QURAN Muslim View
  • It has been preserved word-for-word since it was
    revealed to the last and final messenger.
  • Many people memorized it when it was revealed,
    and millions of people today also have the qur'an
    memorized.
  • The qur'an mentions how Allah, out of his mercy,
    sent many messengers in the past as warners and
    conveyors of the message that there is only one
    God and to do righteous deeds in order to please
    him.

8
The QURAN Muslim View
  • The qur'an mentions specific stories of prophets
    such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Ishmael,
    Jacob, Joseph, Jonah, Job, Aaron, Moses, Jesus,
    and Mohammad.
  • The qur'an confirms that Allah revealed a
    scripture called
  • Torah to Moses,
  • Psalms to David,
  • and Gospel to Jesus.
  • They all preached Islam, which literally means
    submission to God.
  • This is the theme of the qur'an and the theme of
    the lives of Muslims.

9
The QURAN Muslim View
  • Its predecessors
  • Torah, Psalms, and Gospels
  • have all been superseded.
  • The Qur'an of today is the same as the Qur'an
    revealed to Muhammad.

10
The QURAN Muslim View
(316) People of the Book (i.e. Jews
Christians), now there has come to you Our
Messenger (Muhammad), making clear to you many
things you have been concealing of the Book, and
effacing many things. O believers (Muslims),
take not Jews and Christians as friends they are
friends of each other. Who so of you makes them
his friends is one of them. (356) O believers,
take not as your friends those of them, who were
given the Book before you (362)
11
Quran
  • Called the book of heaven, supposedly
    dictated to Muhammad by angel Gabriel.

12
  • Divided into 114 chapters called suras,
  • arranged from longest to shortest
  • a little shorter than the NT.

13
  • The Quran refers to the Torah,
  • the Psalms,
  • and Gospel (only the sayings of Jesus red
    letters)
  • as Scripture.
  • but retells some biblical stories inaccurately.

14
  • The Quran mentions Jesus many times,
  • but declares that Jesus is only a prophet
  • and that he was not crucified.

15
60 of the verses in the Qu'ran talk about Jihad
EXAMPLE Muhammad told to make war on
unbelievers Surah 973 O Prophet!
Strive hard against the Unbelievers and thee
Hypocrites, and be firm against them. Their
abode is Hell, - an evil refuge indeed. EXAMPLE
Slay aggressors Surah 2190-191 Fight in the
cause of Allah those who fight you, but do not
trangress limits for Allah loveth not
transgressors. And slay them wherever ye catch
them.
16
  • Muslims believe that the quran is a divine book.
    It is styled The Holy Quran. It consists of
    114 sections called Suras, each of which is
    divided into verses.
  • Each Sura (except 9) begins with In the name of
    God, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
  • It is alleged that the Quran was revealed to
    Mohammed verbatim by the angel Gabriel over a
    period of 23 years (but compiled after his
    death). One passage asserts Praise be to God,
    Who hath sent to His Servant Mohammed The Book
    the Quran, and hath allowed Therein no
    Crookedness (181).
  • Islam insists the Quran was a complete when
    delivered to Mohammed.
  • The Yemen papers show that claim to be completely
    false.
  • What are the Yemen papers?

17
  • Are Allah's decrees changed or not?
  • "Rejected were the messengers before thee with
    patience and constancy they bore their rejection
    and their wrongs, until Our aid did reach them
    there is none that can alter the words (and
    decrees) of Allah. Already hast thou received
    some account of those messengers," (634).
  • "The word of thy Lord doth find its fulfillment
    in truth and in justice None can change His
    words for He is the one who heareth and knoweth
    all, (6115).
  • None of Our revelations do We abrogate or cause
    to be forgotten, but We substitute something
    better or similar Knowest thou not that Allah
    Hath power over all things?" (2106).
  • When We substitute one revelation for another,-
    and Allah knows best what He reveals (in
    stages),- they say, "Thou art but a forger" but
    most of them understand not," (16101).

18
  • In 1972 workers in Yemen were restoring the
    ancient Great Mosque at Sanaa.
  • According to early sources, the Prophet
    Muhammad commanded the construction of this
    mosque, including its location and dimensions,
    sometime around 630. The mosque remains one of
    the first architectural projects in Islam.
  • The workers uncovered a hidden loft. Inside the
    loft was a mound of parchments of Arabic texts
    that were melded together by centuries of
    exposure to the elements. On-site examination
    suggested that the parchments were fragments of
    early manuscripts of the Koran. The Yemeni
    Antiquities Authority permitted no one to study
    the entire collection.
  • As scholars were allowed to view and study
    portions of the collection, it was determined
    that a significant percentage of the parchments
    dated back to the 7th and 8th centuries- Islams
    first two centuries. They would have been the
    earliest known pieces of the Koran known to man.
    They were fragments, in other words, of perhaps
    the oldest Korans in existence.
  • But the new-found parchments contained
    aberrations that differ from Islamic dogma! Such
    aberrations are troublingly at odds with the
    orthodox Muslim belief that the Koran as it has
    reached us today is the perfect, timeless, and
    unchanging Word of God.

19
  • The first person to spend a significant amount of
    time examining the Yemeni fragments was Gerd
    Puin, a specialist in Arabic calligraphy and
    Koranic paleography based at Saarland University,
    in Saarbrücken, Germany.
  • Puin recognized the antiquity of some of the
    parchment fragments. Enticing, too, were the
    sheets of the scripture written in the rare and
    early Hijazi Arabic script pieces of the
    earliest Korans known to exist, they were also
    palimpsests -- versions very clearly written over
    even earlier, washed-off versions. What the
    Yemeni Korans seemed to suggest, Puin began to
    feel, was an evolving text rather than complete
    text revealed in its entirety to Muhammad in the
    seventh century A.D.
  • More than 15,000 sheets of the Yemeni Korans have
    painstakingly been flattened, cleaned, treated,
    sorted, and assembled they now sit in Yemen's
    House of Manuscripts, awaiting detailed
    examination. That is something the Yemeni
    authorities have seemed reluctant to allow,
    however.
  • "They want to keep this thing low-profile", Puin
    explains. "They don't want attention drawn to the
    fact that there are Germans and others working on
    the Korans. They don't want it made public that
    there is work being done at all, since the Muslim
    position is that everything that needs to be said
    about the Koran's history was said a thousand
    years ago."

20
In a January 1999 Atlantic Monthly article, Gerd
Puin is quoted as saying that The Quran claims
for itself that it is mubeen, or clear, but if
you look at it, you will notice that every fifth
sentence or so simply doesnt make sense. Many
Muslims will tell you otherwise, of course, but
the fact is that a fifth of the Quranic text is
just incomprehensible. This is what has caused
the traditional anxiety regarding translation. If
the Quran is not comprehensible, if it cant
even be understood in Arabic, then its not
translatable into any language. That is why
Muslims are afraid. Since the Quran claims
repeatedly to be clear but is notthere is an
obvious and serious contradiction. Something else
must be going on.
21
  • Muslims believe the inspiration of the quran but
    there is no profound literary style. It is
    characterized by numerous grammatical
    aberrations. it is exceedingly incoherent and is
    without any logical order of thought either as a
    whole or in its parts.
  • The chapters of the qur'an are not arranged in
    importance, continuity, sacredness, biography,
    chronology, significance or sequence of any sort,
    but are arranged simply by length - the longest
    chapter, followed by the next longest chapter and
    the last chapter with just 6 lines. Verses are
    disorderly arranged and jumbled up in unrelated
    subjects/topics.
  • The so-called prophecies are merely vague
    political speculations that do not even begin to
    rival biblical prophecy either in precision or
    in chronological proximity to the events they
    supposedly depict (cf. 302-4).

22
  • Scientific accuracy can hardly be claimed when
    the Quran suggests that the human fetus results
    from sperm that changes into a clot of
    congealed blood, which then becomes bones, later
    to be covered with flesh (2314).
  • The quran is morally flawed in numerous
    respects. For example, those who oppose Mohammed
    should be subjected to execution i.e.,
    decapitation, or crucifixion, or the cutting off
    of hand and feet from opposite sides . . .
    (536). Women are treated shamefully in the
    Muslim religion. If a woman is guilty of
    ill-conduct, she may be admonished, deprived of
    sex, or beaten in moderation (434).

23
  • CONTRADICTIONS
  • What was man created from blood, clay, dust, or
    nothing?
  • "Created man, out of a (mere) clot of congealed
    blood," (962).
  • "We created man from sounding clay, from mud
    moulded into shape, (1526).
  • "The similitude of Jesus before Allah is as that
    of Adam He created him from dust, then said to
    him "Be". And he was," (359).
  • "But does not man call to mind that We created
    him before out of nothing?" (1967, Yusuf Ali).
    Also, 5235).
  • "He has created man from a sperm-drop and behold
    this same (man) becomes an open disputer! (164).

24
  • Contradictions
  • Is there or is there not coercion in religion
    according to the Qur'an?
  • "Let there be no compulsion in religion Truth
    stands out clear from Error whoever rejects evil
    and believes in Allah hath grasped the most
    trustworthy hand-hold, that never breaks. And
    Allah heareth and knoweth all things," (2256).
  • "And an announcement from Allah and His
    Messenger, to the people (assembled) on the day
    of the Great Pilgrimage,- that Allah and His
    Messenger dissolve (treaty) obligations with the
    Pagans. If then, ye repent, it were best for you
    but if ye turn away, know ye that ye cannot
    frustrate Allah. And proclaim a grievous penalty
    to those who reject Faith," (93).
  • "But when the forbidden months are past, then
    fight and slay the Pagans wherever ye find them,
    and seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait
    for them in every stratagem (of war) but if they
    repent, and establish regular prayers and
    practice regular charity, then open the way for
    them for Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful,"
    (95).
  • Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last
    Day, nor hold that forbidden which hath been
    forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, nor
    acknowledge the religion of Truth, (even if they
    are) of the People of the Book, until they pay
    the Jizya with willing submission, and feel
    themselves subdued," (929).

25
  • The qur'an
  • Muslim activists in the West have been using the
    tactic of claiming that they worship the same god
    as Christians in order to gain legitimacy and
    acceptance. They have been using the name "God"
    in place of "Allah" in many translations of the
    Qur'an.
  • Muslims DO NOT pray to the same God (Yahweh/
    Jehovah of Holy Scripture) of Christians and
    Jews! Yahweh is transliterated from the Hebrew.
  • Before Muhammad the Arabs had 365 gods - one for
    each day of the year. Muhammad picked Allah (the
    Arab moon god).
  • They claim the founder of Islam is a prophet
    named Muhammad...
  • Muhammad was a pedophile, marrying a 6 year old
    and consummating the marriage when she was 9
    years old (He was 54). The proof is
    overwhelming.
  • Muhammad performed no miracles, spoke no
    prophecies, and died like all mortal men.

26
  • The qur'an
  • Muslims have searched exhaustively through the
    Old and New Testaments for proof that these two
    books indeed contain prophecies of the coming of
    Muhammad.
  • The Qur'an seems to suggest that these prophecies
    would be found without much difficulty, but when
    Muslims have applied themselves to finding these
    alleged predictions, they have been unpleasantly
    surprised to discover that in these two books it
    is Jesus who is the subject of the many
    prophecies in them and not Muhammad.
  • The birth of Jesus, his ministry, parables,
    miracles, crucifixion, resurrection, ascension,
    second coming, deity, glory and honour are the
    concerns of the prophetic, and so extensively do
    these prophecies herald his advent as the
    ultimate climax of God's revealed truth and love
    towards men.
  • One cannot help but be struck by the fact that
    the Bible makes no allowance for a "prophet" to
    follow him.

27
  • Islam claims the Prophet Muhammad was foretold in
    the Torah and Bible
  • The coming of Prophet Muhammad had been foretold
    in the Torah. God had said to Moses "I will
    raise them up a Prophet from among their
    brethren, like unto thee, and I will put My words
    in his mouth and he shall speak to them all that
    I shall command him" Deuteronomy 1818
  • This was fulfilled in John 145, "We have found
    him, of whom Moses in the law, and the prophets,
    did write, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph."
  • Not Muhammad! It was Jesus of Nazareth!

28
  • EXTENSIVE PROOF THAT MUHAMMAD IS A FRAUD CAN BE
    FOUND IF SOMEONE WANTS TO LOOK!!!

29
  • Can Muslims Lie?
  • Absolutely!
  • Like most religions, Islam in general, forbids
    lying. The Quran says, "Truly Allah guides not
    one who transgresses and lies." Surah 4028.
  • Most Muslims are familiar with the principles of
    Islam that will justify lying in situations where
    they sense the need to do so.
  • In the Hadith, Mohammed was also quoted as
    saying, "Be honest because honesty leads to
    goodness, and goodness leads to Paradise. Beware
    of falsehood because it leads to immorality, and
    immorality leads to Hell.
  • But within Islam there are certain provisions
    under which lying is not simply tolerated, but
    actually encouraged.

30
  • Can Muslims Lie?
  • Muslims are permitted to lie
  • to save their lives,
  • to reconcile a husband and wife,
  • to persuade a woman into a bedroom and
  • to facilitate one on his journey.
  • Muslims are even permitted to disavow Islam and
    Mohammed if it is not a genuine heart-felt
    rejection.
  • Muslims will tell you that concealment of a truth
    is not an abandonment of that truth if it
    benefits Islam.

31
  • Can Muslims Lie?
  • The principle of Al-Takeyya
  • The Arabic word, "Takeyya", means "to prevent,"
    or guard against.
  • The principle of Al Takeyya conveys the
    understanding that Muslims are permitted to lie
    as a preventive measure against anticipated harm
    to one's self or fellow Muslims.
  • This principle gives Muslims the liberty to lie
    under circumstances that they perceive as life
    threatening. They can even deny the faith, if
    they do not mean it in their hearts.
  • The Islamic Doctrine of Takeyya, which is defined
    as The principle of concealment of ones
    religious beliefs in order to avoid persecution
    or imminent harm, is one more reason for
    Christians to be concerned about Islam.

32
  • Can Muslims Lie?
  • "Let not the believers Take for friends or
    helpers Unbelievers rather than believers if any
    do that, in nothing will there be help from
    Allah except by way of precaution (prevention),
    that ye may Guard yourselves from them (prevent
    them from harming you.) But Allah cautions you
    (To remember) Himself for the final goal is to
    Allah." Surah 3 28
  • According to this verse a Muslim can pretend to
    befriend infidels (in violation of the teachings
    of Islam) and display adherence with their
    unbelief to prevent them from harming him.
  • Under the concept of Takeyya and short of killing
    another human being, if under the threat of
    force, it is legitimate for Muslims to act
    contrary to their faith. The following actions
    are acceptable
  • Drink wine, abandon prayers, and skip fasting
    during Ramadan.
  • Renounce belief in Allah.
  • Kneel in homage to a deity other than Allah.
  • Utter insincere oaths.

33
  • Can Muslims Lie? The implications of the
    principle of Al-Takeyya
  • Unfortunately, when dealing with Muslims, one
    must keep in mind that Muslims can communicate
    something with apparent sincerity, when in
    reality they may have just the opposite agenda in
    their hearts. Bluntly stated, Islam permits
    Muslims to lie anytime that they perceive that
    their own well-being, or that of Islam, is
    threatened.
  • The principle of sanctioning lying for the cause
    of Islam bears grave implications in matters
    relating to the spread of the religion of Islam
    in the West. Muslim activists employ deceptive
    tactics in their attempts to polish Islam's image
    and make it more attractive to prospective
    converts. They carefully try to avoid, obscure,
    and omit mentioning any of the negative Islamic
    texts and teachings.

34
  • Can Muslims Lie? The implications of the
    principle of Al-Takeyya
  • An example of Islamic deception is that Muslim
    activists always quote the passages of the Quran
    from the early part of Mohammed's ministry while
    living in Mecca.
  • These texts are peaceful and exemplify tolerance
    towards those that are not followers of Islam.
  • All the while, they are fully aware that most of
    these passages were abrogated (cancelled and
    replaced) by passages that came after he migrated
    to Medina.
  • The replacement verses reflect prejudice,
    intolerance, and endorse violence upon
    unbelievers.

35
Can Muslims Lie? " Allah will not call you to
account for what is futile in your oaths, but He
will call you to account for your deliberate
oaths for expiation, feed ten indigent persons,
on a scale of the average for the food of your
families or clothe them or give a slave his
freedom. If that is beyond your means, fast for
three days. That is the expiation for the oaths
ye have sworn. But keep to your oaths. Thus doth
Allah make clear to you His signs, that ye may be
grateful." Surah 589 "Allah will not call you
to account for thoughtlessness (vain) in your
oaths, but for the intention in your hearts and
He is Oft-forgiving, Most Forbearing." Surah
2225 "Any one who, after accepting faith in
Allah, utters Unbelief, except under compulsion,
his heart remaining firm in Faith - but such as
open their breast to Unbelief, on them is Wrath
from Allah, and theirs will be a dreadful
Penalty." Surah 16 106
36
Can Muslims Lie? The noted Islamic
commentator, Al-Tabary explained Surah 16106 as
a verse that had been revealed to Mohammed after
he learned that Ammar Ibn Yasser was forced to
deny his faith in Mohammed when kidnapped by the
Banu Moghera tribe. Mohammed consoled Ammar by
telling him, "If they turned, you turn."
(Meaning if they again capture you, you are
allowed to deny me again.) These and similar
passages from the Quran clearly reveal that
Muslims' unintentional lies are forgivable and
that even their intentional lies can be absolved
by performing extra duties. It is also clear that
if forced to do so, Muslims can lie while under
oath and can even falsely deny faith in Allah, as
long as they maintain the profession of faith in
their hearts.
37
But What About
  • We hear on TV about the Quran speaking positively
    about something then we hear that the Quran
    condemns that same thing!
  • The Quran is filled with contradictions!
  • Christians are complimented!
  • - Christians are condemned!

38
Contradictions in the Quran
  • Sura 590
  • 90. O ye who believe! Intoxicants and
    gambling, (dedication of) stones, and (divination
    by) arrows, are an abomination,- of Satan's
    handwork eschew such (abomination), that ye may
    prosper.
  • 91. Satan's plan is (but) to excite enmity
    and hatred between you, with intoxicants and
    gambling, and hinder you from the remembrance of
    Allah, and from prayer will ye not then
    abstain?
  • So alcohol is forbidden!
  • Sura 4715
  • (Here is) a Parable of the Garden which the
    righteous are promised in it are rivers of water
    incorruptible rivers of milk of which the taste
    never changes rivers of wine, a joy to those who
    drink.

39
Contradictions in the Quran
  • Scientific accuracy can hardly be claimed when
    the Quran suggests that the human fetus results
    from sperm that changes into a clot of
    congealed blood, which then becomes bones, later
    to be covered with flesh (2314).
  • The quran is morally flawed in numerous
    respects. For example, those who oppose Mohammed
    should be subjected to execution i.e.,
    decapitation, or crucifixion, or the cutting off
    of hand and feet from opposite sides . . .
    (536). Women are treated shamefully in the
    Muslim religion. If a woman is guilty of
    ill-conduct, she may be admonished, deprived of
    sex, or beaten in moderation (434).

40
Contradictions in the Quran
  • What was man created from blood, clay, dust, or
    nothing?
  • "Created man, out of a (mere) clot of congealed
    blood," (962).
  • "We created man from sounding clay, from mud
    moulded into shape, (1526).
  • "The similitude of Jesus before Allah is as that
    of Adam He created him from dust, then said to
    him "Be". And he was," (359).
  • "But does not man call to mind that We created
    him before out of nothing?" (1967, Yusuf Ali).
    Also, 5235).
  • "He has created man from a sperm-drop and behold
    this same (man) becomes an open disputer! (164).

41
Contradictions in the Quran
  • Is there or is there not coercion in religion
    according to the Qur'an?
  • "Let there be no compulsion in religion Truth
    stands out clear from Error whoever rejects evil
    and believes in Allah hath grasped the most
    trustworthy hand-hold, that never breaks. And
    Allah heareth and knoweth all things," (2256).
  • "And an announcement from Allah and His
    Messenger, to the people (assembled) on the day
    of the Great Pilgrimage,- that Allah and His
    Messenger dissolve (treaty) obligations with the
    Pagans. If then, ye repent, it were best for you
    but if ye turn away, know ye that ye cannot
    frustrate Allah. And proclaim a grievous penalty
    to those who reject Faith," (93).
  • "But when the forbidden months are past, then
    fight and slay the Pagans wherever ye find them,
    and seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait
    for them in every stratagem (of war) but if they
    repent, and establish regular prayers and
    practice regular charity, then open the way for
    them for Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful,"
    (95).
  • Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last
    Day, nor hold that forbidden which hath been
    forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, nor
    acknowledge the religion of Truth, (even if they
    are) of the People of the Book, until they pay
    the Jizya with willing submission, and feel
    themselves subdued," (929).

42
Contradictions in the Quran
  • So, what do Muslims and scholars of Islam say
    about these contradictions?
  • How can Allah contradict himself so much!
  • Remember the Yemen papers?
  • the new-found parchments contained aberrations
    that differ from Islamic dogma! Such aberrations
    are troublingly at odds with the orthodox Muslim
    belief that the Koran as it has reached us today
    is the perfect, timeless, and unchanging Word of
    God.
  • versions very clearly written over even earlier,
    washed-off versions. What the Yemeni Korans
    seemed to suggest, Puin began to feel, was an
    evolving text rather than complete text revealed
    in its entirety to Muhammad in the seventh
    century A.D.
  • Islamic scholars use a principle called naskh
    to determine which verse to follow when there is
    a contradiction. (or Islamic exegesis)

43
naskh
  • Naskh, an Arabic word meaning "abrogation (The
    abolition or repeal of a law, institution, custom
    etc.), is a technical term for a major genre of
    Islamic exegesis dealing with the problem of
    seemingly contradictory verses in the Quran. It
    is a term used in Islamic legal exegesis for
    seemingly contradictory material within or
    between the twin bases of Islamic holy law the
    Quran and the Prophetic Sunna.
  • To solve a contradiction, newer revelations
    override (naskh) previous revelations.
  • Naskh is based on the fact that the Quran was
    revealed at different times over a period of 22
    years. Muhammad received most of Quran after
    he left Mecca and that portion is much more
    forceful!
  • Opinion as to naskh's technical meaning
    oscillates between replacement (ibdal) and
    nullification (ibtal).
  • Some commentators hold that as many as 540 verses
    have been abrogated.

44
naskh
  • Three modes of naskh were proposed by the
    classical exegetes
  • naskh al-hukm duna al-tilawa abrogation of the
    ruling but not the wording, or supersession. A
    regulation- embodied within either a Qur'anic
    verse or a hadith report- is replaced but its
    wording remains- in the former case, as text
    within the mushaf.
  • naskh al-hukm wa-'l-tilawa abrogation of both
    ruling and wording, or suppression/erasure.
    Applicable only to the Qur'an. A ruling is voided
    and its text omitted from the mushaf. Evidence
    that the verse ever existed is preserved only
    within tradition.
  • naskh al-tilawa duna al-hukm abrogation of the
    wording but not the ruling. Again, applicable
    only to the Qur'an. The text of a
    still-functional ruling is omitted from the
    mushaf. Proof of the verse's existence is
    preserved within tradition (i.e through a hadith
    report) as well as in the Fiqh.

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mushaf
  • The literal meaning of mushaf is collection of
    pages. Its technical meaning is, therefore, the
    compiled, written pages of the Quran. In other
    words, the term Quran refers to the specific
    revelation that was read to Prophet Muhammad
    whereas the term mushaf denotes the written
    form of that revelation.
  • In other words, the Quran is not contradictory,
    the pages are just updated.

46
Example of naskh
  • Sura 262 Those who believe (in the Qur'an), and
    those who follow the Jewish (scriptures), and the
    Christians and the Sabians., shall have their
    reward with their Lord on them shall be no fear,
    nor shall they grieve.
  • Sura 95 fight and slay the Pagans (Jews and
    Christians) wherever ye find them, an seize them,
    beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every
    stratagem (of war) but if they repent, and
    establish regular prayers and practice regular
    charity, then open the way for them for Allah is
    Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.

Cancelled!
47
  • REVIEW

48
the holy books of Islam
  • The Quran
  • The hadith
  • - a set of books that are a record of the
    things Muhammad said and did
  • - Note The hadith is a point of division
    in the Muslim world
  • The Sunni Muslims accept it all
  • The Shiite Muslims accept most
  • (they reject those recorded by Muhammads second
    wife)
  • Note The hadith is significant because it
    establishes principles of activity that can be
    (are) practiced today

49
Islamic Law
  • The Sharia
  • - All aspects of a Muslim's life are governed
    by Sharia. Sharia law comes from a combination of
    sources including the Qur'an (the Muslim holy
    book), the Hadith (sayings and conduct of the
    prophet Muhammad) and fatwas (the rulings of
    Islamic scholars).

50
Islamic Law
  • Muslims have a powerful P.R. and lobbying firm
    at work. It is called C.A.I.R.
  • Let there be no doubt that the Council on
    American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) is a terrorist
    supporting front organization that is partially
    funded by terrorists, and that C.A.I.R. wishes
    nothing more than the implementation of Sharia
    Law in America.

51
  • Sharia Law
  • Ravi Zacharias states in his book, Beyond
    Opinion Living the Faith We Defend, Muslim
    scholars state that Islam is an encompassing
    systema sociopolitical system, a socio-religious
    system as well as socioeconomic system that
    governs every aspect of the lives of its
    adherents, their relationship among themselves
    and with those who are non-Muslims. The vehicle
    that controls the lives of adherents to Islam is
    called Sharia law.
  • In an article by Lisa Gardiner titled American
    Muslim Leader Urges Faithful to Spread Word,
    Omar Ahmad, founder of Council on
    American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), said, Islam
    isnt in America to be equal to any other faith,
    but to become dominant. The Quran should be the
    highest authority in America.

52
  • Sharia Law
  • Ibrahim Hopper, Communications Director of CAIR
    said, I wouldnt want to create the impression
    that I wouldnt like the government of the United
    States to be Islamic sometime in the future.
  • Sharia (Islamic) Law is rooted in the Quran, the
    highest authority of Islam, and claims to have
    been revealed directly to Muhammad by the angel
    Gabriel during the last twenty-three years of the
    prophets life.
  • The Sunna or Hadiths are accounts of the sayings
    and acts of Muhammad. Sharia law was put together
    from those sources after the death of Muhammad.
    In Saudi Arabia and other countries dominated by
    Islam, Sharia is the law of the land for all
    things secular as well as religious, controlling
    the lives of individuals from personal hygiene to
    the court systems.

53
  • As one studies the qur'an, you must first ask
    yourself how anyone can take seriously a document
    that easily contradicts itself 1/5 of the time.
  • Consider the following words of Ibn Umar
    al-Khattab, a 7th companion of Mohammed, and the
    2nd Muslim Caliph Let no one say that he has
    acquired the entire Koran, for how does he know
    that it is all? Much of the Koran has been lost
    thus let him say, I have acquired of it what is
    available.
  • Remember that quote Much of the Koran has been
    lost.
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