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Getting Physical

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small batteries, solar (?) Wireless ... PingPong Plus ... 8 simple input and outputs plus 2 sensors. A constructor kit. Glab ProximitySensor ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Getting Physical


1
Getting Physical Saul Greenberg University
of Calgary Canada
2
Ubiquitous Computing
  • Mark Weiser (Xerox Parc)
  • A less-traveled path I call the invisible its
    highest ideal is to make a computer so imbedded,
    so fitting, so natural, that we use it without
    even thinking about it.
  • Provide hundreds of wireless computing devices
    per person per office, of all scales (from 1"
    displays to wall sized).This is different from
    PDA's, dynabooks, or information at your
    fingertips. It is invisible, everywhere computing
    that does not live on a personal device of any
    sort, but is in the woodwork everywhere.
  • Invisible Everywhere Computing
  • invisible tiny, embedded, attachable
  • everywhere wireless, dynamically configurable,
    remote access, adapting

3
Ubicomp is Situated Computing
  • Makes use of simple shared context
  • space
  • time
  • proximity
  • affordances
  • Participation in the context
  • is physical
  • is out here with us
  • is in many small and large places, including
    trivial ones

Extracted from Mark Weisers UbiqCom web site
4
Extracted from Mark Weisers UbiqCom web site
5
Technology trends for Ubicomp
  • Displays
  • very small (inches) to very large (walls)
  • Processors
  • cheap, small, dedicated, microprocessors
  • Low Power
  • small batteries, solar (?)
  • Wireless
  • Wireless ethernet, infrared, mobile standards,
    Bluetooth (in-room), in-building, metropolitan
  • Operating systems
  • Linux on a chip, Windows CE,
  • Packaging
  • non-conventional devices

Modified from Mark Weisers UbiqCom web site
6
Extracted from Mark Weisers UbiqCom web site
7
Extracted from Mark Weisers UbiqCom web site
8
ParcTab
  • Mobile hardware
  • infrared
  • room-sized cells
  • location information
  • Device
  • small case with belt clip, ½ size of PDAs
  • touch sensitive 128x64 pixels display
  • 3 finger-operated mechanical buttons (chorded)
  • piezo-electric speaker
  • low power needs ( 1 week between charges )
  • Can be used in either hand
  • rotates display

Extracted from Mark Weisers UbiqCom web site
9
Tangible Media
  • Hiroshi Ishii (MIT)
  • Tangible Bits gives physical form to digital
    information, seamlessly coupling the dual worlds
    of bits and atoms.
  • Tangible User Interfaces employ physical objects,
    surfaces, and spaces as tangible embodiments of
    digital information.
  • These include foreground interactions with
    graspable objects and augmented surfaces,
    exploiting the human senses of touch and
    kinesthesia.
  • Background information displays use "ambient
    media" -- ambient light, sound, airflow, and
    water movement-- that communicate
    digitally-mediated senses of activity and
    presence at the periphery of human awareness.

Adapted from Tangible Media Group web site
10
Pinwheels
Extracted from Tangible Media Group web site
11
SenseTable
  • A system for tracking the positions and states of
    multiple objects wirelessly on a flat surface.
  • Objects can be equipped with various controls --
    dials or buttons -- which can be monitored in
    real-time.
  • . When coupled with a projector, the system can
    display information about the objects on or near
    the objects themselves.

Extracted from Tangible Media Group web site
12
Bottles
  • Bottles opening and closing bottles is the
    primary mode of interaction with digital contents
    e.g., opening it tells a story
  • Music bottles movement and uncorking of the
    bottles controls the different sound tracks and
    the patterns of colored light that are
    rear-projected onto the tables translucent
    surface.

Extracted from Tangible Media Group web site
13
Triangles
  • When the pieces connect together, they can
    trigger digital events. These events can
    influence the progress of a non-linear story, or
    allow users to organize media elements in order
    to create their own story space.

Extracted from Tangible Media Group web site
14
TouchCounters
  • Computational tags track the usage of physical
    objects.
  • TouchCounters sense activity through magnetic,
    acceleration, and infrared sensors, and indicate
    their status on bright LED displays.
  • TouchCounters can be networked to a web server
    that generates use histograms for each object.

Extracted from Tangible Media Group web site
15
HandScape
  • A vectorizing digital tape measure for digitizing
    field measurements, and visualizing the volume of
    the resulting vectors with computer graphics.
  • Using embedded orientation-sensing hardware, it
    captures relevant vectors on each linear
    measurements and transmits this data wirelessly
    to a remote computer in real-time.

Extracted from Tangible Media Group web site
16
Personal Ambient Display
  • Small, physical devices worn to display
    information to a person in a subtle, persistent,
    and private manner.
  • Ambient information is displayed solely through
    tactile modalities such as heating and cooling,
    movement and vibration, and change of shape.

Extracted from Tangible Media Group web site
17
InTouch
  • Force-feedback technology is employed to create
    the illusion that people, separated by distance,
    are interacting with a shared physical object.
  • When one of the rollers is rotated, the
    corresponding roller on the other distant object
    rotates in the same way. Two people separated by
    distance can then play

Extracted from Tangible Media Group web site
18
PingPong Plus
  • features a "reactive table" that incorporates
    sensing, sound, and projection technologies.
    Projectors display patterns of light and shadow
    on the table bouncing balls leave images of
    rippling water and the rhythm of play drives
    accompanying music and visuals.

Extracted from Tangible Media Group web site
19
Marble Answering Machine
  • Incoming voice messages are physically
    instantiated as marbles.
  • The user can grasp the message (marble) and drop
    it into an indentation in the machine to play the
    message.
  • The user can also place the marble onto an
    augmented telephone, thus dialing the caller
    automatically.

Durrell Bishop
20
Bench
  • two cold steel benches located in different
    cities. When a person sits on one of these
    benches, a corresponding position on the other
    bench warms, and a bi-directional sound channel
    is opened. At the other location, after feeling
    the bench for "body heat," another person can
    decide to make contact by sitting near the
    warmth. Initially the sound channel is distorted,
    but as the second party lingers, the audio
    channel clears.
  • --summarized by Ishii and Ullmer

Anthony Dunne and Fiona Raby at the RCA
21
Ambient Light Display
  • light reflection from water onto ceiling

22
Roomware
  • Computer-augmented room elements
  • like doors, walls, furniture (e.g. tables and
    chairs) with integrated information and
    communication technology.

From the GMD Darmstadt web site on I-Land
23
Roomware
  • Dynawall

From the GMD Darmstadt web site on I-Land
24
Roomware
  • CommChair

From the GMD Darmstadt web site on I-Land
25
Roomware
  • ConnecTable
  • By moving multiple ConnecTables together, they
    can be arranged to form a large display area.
    Integrated sensors measure the distance between
    the ConnecTables and initiate the automatic
    coupling of the displays

From the GMD Darmstadt web site on I-Land
26
Roomware
  • InteracTable
  • touch-sensitive plasma-display (PDP) is
    integrated into the table top
  • Border for leaning

From the GMD Darmstadt web site on I-Land
27
  • Phillips Intelligent Information Surfaces

Tokens
From the Philips Lime Video CD
28
Designing out of the box
  • The problem
  • programming / designing with physical devices is
    hard
  • circuit design (electrical engineering)
  • microprocessor interface to digital/analog
    devices
  • wire interface (serial, USB, wireless, IR)
  • wire protocol
  • connection/disconnection/intermittent
    connectivity
  • software to use devices
  • maintenance and extensibility
  • simple things take a long time to do
  • most people dont bother

29
Solution 1 Interdisciplinary team
  • Works, but
  • Still takes time
  • When one of the teamleaves, knowledge islost
  • systems hard tomaintain extend

30
(No Transcript)
31
Solution 2 Hack existing devices
  • Programmable Embodied Agents (Kaminsky et al)
  • hacked Microsoft Actimates

32
Solution 2 Hack existing devices
  • Programmable Embodied Agents (Kaminsky et al)
  • Arm position -gt quantity
  • Squeezing hand/leg -gt counting
  • Movement-gt task progress
  • Proxy for other person
  • squeeze hand, others hand goes up)
  • Event monitoring
  • Signal document is printing, then complete
  • Barney Email biff

33
Solution 3 Phidgets
  • Physical Widgets
  • simple, easy to program devices and
    component-based software with well-defined API
  • building blocks for physical interfaces
  • analogous to GUI widgets

34
Phidget Examples
  • GlabServo
  • Control 1 or 2 servo motors
  • Glab Powerbar
  • Control power state of outlets on a power bar
  • Glab InterfaceKit
  • 8 simple input and outputs plus 2 sensors
  • A constructor kit
  • Glab ProximitySensor
  • Returns how close something is to it
  • Glab MotionDetector
  • Periodically returns the amount of motion in a
    space

35
Related areas
  • Mobile Computing
  • Augmented Reality
  • Context-aware computing
  • Reactive Environments
  • Ubiquitous Media
  • Cooperative Buildings
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