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Air Cargo Security: An Overview

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Air France Cargo - Chicago. Air Cargo Security. Brief History. Cargo vs. Passenger Security ... discovered Just in Time' processes, increasing air cargo demand. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Air Cargo Security: An Overview


1
Air Cargo Security An Overview
  • Daniel Gadow
  • Midwest Regional Operations Manager
  • Air France Cargo - Chicago

2
Air Cargo Security
  • Brief History
  • Cargo vs. Passenger Security
  • Regulatory Environment
  • Current Environment and Proposed Changes
  • Future Outlook

3
History of Air Cargo Security
  • Skyjackings in 1970s and 1980s served to
    concentrate security efforts on passenger threats
    rather than cargo.
  • Deregulation of late 1970s increased number of
    air carriers and also increased vulnerability of
    air transport system.
  • Manufacturing discovered Just in Time
    processes, increasing air cargo demand.

4
History of Air Cargo Security
  • Key airliner incidents in 1980s (explosives)
  • TWA 840 April 1986
  • Korean Air 858 29 Nov 1987
  • Pan Am 103 (Lockerbie) 1988
  • Aviation Security Improvement Act-1990
  • Addressed access to airports, background checks
    of employees and begins funding to research
    explosion detection technology

5
September 11th, 2001
  • November 2001 Creation of Transportation
    Security Administration (TSA), assuming aviation
    security.
  • November 2002 Creation of DHS, 22 Federal
    Agencies including US Customs, US Immigration and
    Naturalization, US Agriculture (APHIS), US Coast
    Guard, Secret Service and TSA

6
Cargo vs. Passenger Security
  • Passenger
  • Unique (ID)
  • Ambulatory
  • Reasonably uniform size and shape
  • Uniform substance
  • Responsive
  • Cargo
  • Ubiquitous
  • Must be transported
  • Vast range of size, weight and shapes
  • Varied substances, structures and mechanisms
  • Perishable

7
Regulatory Environment - Airlines
TSA
CBP
DirectAir Carrier
DOT/FAA
USDA/APHIS
FDA
Foreign Agencies
8
Regulatory Environment Freight Forwarders
TSA
CBP
Indirect Air Carrier
DOT/FAA
USDA/APHIS
FDA
9
Regulatory Environment Manufacturers
TSA
CBP
Importers and Exporters
DOT/FAA
USDA/APHIS
FDA
10
Regulatory Environment Surface Transportation
TSA
Truckers and Warehouses
CBP
DOT/FAA
FDA
11
Current Cargo Security Environment
  • Risk managed vs. 100 screening (due to limited
    technology and infrastructure, flow of commerce
    issues and finite resources).
  • Reaching deeper into the supply chain (airlines
    gtgt freight forwarders gtgt warehouses gtgtgt truckers
    gtgtgt shippers and consignees . and vice versa).
  • Known Shipper/Unknown Shipper rules

12
Proposed Changes in Cargo Security
  • Air Cargo Strategic Plan Formally proposed
    Nov 2004 by TSA after almost two years of
    discussion.
  • Participation by TSA Aviation Security Advisory
    Committee Working Groups representing wide
    range of industry groups.
  • Public Comment period expires 17 Jan 2004

13
Air Cargo Strategic Plan (TSA)
  • Four Strategic Objectives
  • Enhance Shipper and Supply Chain Security
  • Increased vetting of Freight Forwarders (IACs)
    and shippers applying for Known Shipper program
  • Centralizing data submitted by IACs and airlines
  • Strengthens field inspection presence
  • Explore applicability of C-TPAT (Customs Trade
    Partnership Against Terrorism
  • Overall goal of this objective Reduce
    possibility that terrorists can pass for
    legitimate players.

14
Air Cargo Strategic Plan (TSA)
  • Four Strategic Objectives
  • 2. Identify Elevated-Risk Cargo by Pre-Screening
  • Modeled after Passenger Program CAPPS (Computer
    Assisted Pre-Screening System) where high risk
    passengers receive screening
  • TSA and CBP instituting system that adds shipment
    data, Known Shipper and IAC databases to reach a
    risk score. Still under development.
  • Applies to domestic and international
  • In the meantime, passenger airlines must randomly
    inspect eligible cargo

15
Air Cargo Strategic Plan (TSA)
  • Four Strategic Objectives
  • 3. Identify Technology for performing targeted
    Air Cargo inspections
  • Explore existing and emerging technologies to
    improve the efficiency of inspecting.
  • Investing in pilot projects for promising
    technologies
  • CTX-5000 remains only approved high volume
    inspection technology
  • Others in use Canines (30-60 minutes work, 20
    minutes of rest), Trace Detection swabs.

16
Air Cargo Strategic Plan (TSA)
  • Four Strategic Objectives
  • Secure all-cargo aircraft via appropriate
    facility security measures.
  • More secure Airport Operating area with better
    access controls
  • Greater use of criminal history background checks
  • Additional measures for screening and identifying
    persons with access to aircraft.
  • Randomly screen for stowaways

17
Cargo Security Future issues
  • Personnel screening further into the supply chain
    freight forwarders, truckers, shippers and
    consignees.
  • Biometric Ids smart cards, iris scans
  • Airport designs which allow central screening
    facilities (due to high tech costs)
  • Wild card gtgtgt Future incidents ??

18
There is no Homeland Security without Economic
Security!
  • Questions?
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