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Title: mammals mammology study of mammals mammals endothermic


1
MAMMALS
  • Mammology
  • Study of mammals

2
MAMMALS
  • ENDOTHERMIC
  • 2 PAIRS OF APPENDAGES
  • 5 000 SPECIES
  • GROUPINGS BASED ON HOW YOUNG DEVELOPS FROM BIRTH

3
5 CHARACTERISTICS
  • HAIR / FUR
  • VIVIPAROUS
  • give birth to live young
  • MAMMARY GLANDS
  • Nurse young
  • NURTURE YOUNG
  • provide care for young
  • WELL DEVELOPED BRAIN

4
THREE MAMMAL GROUPS
  • 1. MONOTREMATA
  • Oviparous
  • Lay eggs with hard leathery shells
  • Native to Australia
  • Duckbilled platypus
  • Spiny anteater

5
THREE MAMMAL GROUPS
  • 2. MARSUPIALS
  • Young must crawl to pouch to nurse
  • Native to Australia
  • Kangaroo / koala
  • North America---opposum

6
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7
THREE MAMMAL GROUPS
  • 3. PLACENTALS
  • Young are nourished within mothers body
  • Placenta
  • Organ through which nutrients, oxygen, and
    wastes pass between mother and embryo

8
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9
PLACENTAL MAMMALS
  • GROUPED BY
  • How and what they eat
  • How they move about
  • Where they live

10
12 ORDERS OF PLACENTAL MAMMALS
11
1. ORDER RODENTIA
  • RODENTS
  • sharp teeth for gnawing / cutting
  • Must be ground down
  • Rats / mice / squirrel / beaver

12
2. ORDER CHIROPTERA
  • FLYING MAMMALS
  • Stretched skin makes wings
  • bats

13
3. ORDER CARNIVORA
  • MEAT EATING
  • Specialized teeth for tearing
  • Lion/ wolf/ bears/ tiger

14
4. ORDER PROBOSCIDEA
  • Trunk animals
  • Elephants 3 types
  • Indian elephant
  • Asian elephant
  • African elephant

15
5. ORDER INSECTIVORA
  • Insect eating mammals
  • Specialized structures for insect gathering
  • Giant anteater / moles /shrews / hedgehog

16
6. ORDER ARTIODACTYLA
  • EVEN-TOED MAMMALS
  • Split hooves
  • Deer / cattle / camel / goat / sheep

17
ANTLERS / HORNS
  • ANTLERS ARE SHED ANNUALLY
  • DEER
  • HORNS
  • DO NOT FALL OFF
  • BIG HORN SHEEP

18
7. ORDER PERRISODACTYLA
  • ODD TOED MAMMALS
  • Horses / zebra

19
8. ORDER EDENTATA
  • TOOTHLESS
  • NO FRONT TEETH
  • ARMADILLOS / SLOTH / GIANT ANTEATER

20
9. ORDER CETACEA
  • Mammals that must stay in water
  • whales / dolphins / porpoises
  • NO GILLS
  • Must surface to breathe
  • viviparous

21
10. ORDER SIRENIA
  • Aquatic herbivores
  • plant eaters
  • Manatees
  • endangered due to boat propellers

22
11. ORDER LAGOMORPHA
  • Rabbit like mammals
  • Rabbits / pikas

23
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24
12. ORDER PRIMATA
  • OPPOSABLE THUMB
  • PERMITS GRIPPING OBJECTS
  • EYES FACING FORWARD
  • BINOCULAR VISION
  • DEPTH PERCEPTION
  • 200 SPECIES
  • BABBOON / MONKEY / GORILLA /CHIMPANZEES
  • SOCIAL ANIMALS

25
UNIQUE HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS
  • Verbal communication
  • Capable of tool construction and usage

26
SPECIALIZED TEETH
  • Designed for the type of food eaten
  • Herbivore
  • plant eater
  • teeth are wide and flat
  • Carnivore
  • meat eater
  • teeth are sharp and pointed

27
SPECIALIZED TEETH
  • 4 types
  • INCISORS in front
  • Chisel like / CUTS food
  • CANINES
  • pointed / TEARS food

28
SPECIALIZED TEETH
  • PREMOLARS
  • CRUSHES and GRINDS food
  • MOLARS
  • CRUSHES and GRINDS food

29
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
  • Carnivores
  • One stomach / short intestines
  • Herbivore
  • Specialized stomach / long intestines
  • PLANTS TAKE LONGER TO DIGEST THAN MEAT

30
RUMINANTS
  • CUD CHEWERS
  • Cud - regurgitated plant matter
  • Four stomachs
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