Early Explorers

1
Early Explorers

• Presented by
• Chelsie Perez
• Samantha Romero
• December 13, 2005

2
Marco Polo

• Marco Polo was an Italian explorer. In 1254 he
  was born from Venice. He was named after his
  Uncle. As he grew older he gained the ability to
  read and write.
• He was 17 when he traveled to China with his
  Uncle and father in 1271.
• He worked for Kublai Khans the emperor of Mongol
  for 17 years. (Until he was 34.)He sailed back to
  his home in 1288.

3
Cont. Marco

• He met Rustichello, a famous writer.
• He wrote about Marco Polos adventures called
  the book of travels. His book retrieved
  Europeans some of their earliest information
  about China. He was 70 when he died in 1334.

4
Amerigo Vespucci 1454

• Born March 18,1454 in Florence, Italy.
• In 1492 he was sent out to Seville, Spain so that
  he could help Spanish ships gather the supplies
  that was needed for their journey.
• On Columbuss third and fourth expedition to the
  New World (Or South America) Amerigo supplied his
  ship with tools and food.

5
Amerigo 1497

• In 1497 he named the new continent America.
• In 1499 Amerigo sailed from Spain in 4 ships
  commanded by a man who had sailed with Columbus
  on his second voyage and this mans name was
  Alonso de Ojeda. When they reached the North
  coast of South America Ojeda and Amerigo went
  their separate ways.
• He was the first European to see brazil also to
  explore the mouth of the Amazon river.

6
Amerigo 1501

• In May of 1501 he sailed to service Portugal. On
  his trip he went near the east tip of Brazil.
• When Amerigo had reached Argentina he made a
  prediction of how big the earth was and guessed
  within 50 miles of its actual size!
• Amerigo was 60 when he died in 1512.

7
Hernando Cortez

• He was born in a small town I like to call
  Medillin in southwestern Spain in 1485.
• Cortez was also a soldier and a farmer before he
  sailed for Diego Velasquez to help conquer Cuba
  in 1511.
• Velasquez became the governor and Cortez got
  elected mayor-judge of Santiago.
• Velasquez soon suspected Hernando would go beyond
  his orders and cancel the expedition.

8
Cortez continued

• He rounded the peninsula at Yucatan and touched
  Mexico on the coast of what is now called the
  state of Tabasco.
• During the battle or war with Indians there,
  Cortez took many captives including a young Aztec
  princess. She became interpreter and advisor.

9
Cortez continues again

• Cortez continued up north .On April 21,1519,
  Cortez landed near the site of Vera Cruz.
• There to prevent all thought of retreat, he
  burned his ships. Leaving a small force on the
  coast. Cortez led the rest of his men into an
  interior.

10
Cortez continues again

• A warlike tribe of natives attacked his
  celebration (party).
• The Indians outnumbered the Spaniards 300-1.
• On November 8,1519, Hernando reached Tenochtitlan
  (now Mexico city) and was happily received by
  Montezuma, the Aztecs emperor.

11
Cortez continues even more

• Velasquez sent 1,400 soldiers to arrest Cortez
  and bring him back to Cuba. He defeated this army
  and most of the survivors joined his group.
• Cortez returned to the Aztec capital,
  Tenochtitlan. As Hernando and his men got to the
  heart of the city. They were attacked by Aztec
  warriors.

12
Cortez continues again

• Montezuma was brought out to pacify his people,
  but they stoned him, and later he died of his
  wounds.
• His army was surrounded and apparently doomed,
  but Cortez and three other managed to get to the
  chieftain of the Aztecs and killed him.

13
Hernando continues again

• Confused by this apparent miracle, the Aztecs
  retreated. With less than 500 of his men left
  alive, Cortez, in July of 1520, made his way back
  to his Indian allies.
• Cortez attacked tenochtitlan again by boat or
  (ship) the fallowing May. On August 13, 1521,
  Guatomic, the new Aztec emperor, surrendered.
  That was the end of the wonderful empire of the
  Aztecs.

14
Cortez continues again again

• He returned to Mexico as a military commander,
  Cortez explored lower California from 1534-1535
  and fought the pirates Algiers in 1541. The same
  year he was a leader in an expedition against the
  Maya of Yucatan.
• Cortez died near Seville on December 2, 2005.

15
Francisco Vasquez De Coronado

• Francisco was born in 1510 in Salamanca, Spain he
  left home because his parents promised to the
  family fortune to his older brother.
• In 1531 he sailed to Mexico with Antonio De
  Mendoza, the colony's 1st admiral. He became one
  of the governors of the new galacia (One of the
  Spanish colonies in the new world.

16
Francisco continues

• Between 1536-1539, admiral Mendoza heard stories
  about the seven cities of gold were made of gold,
  and jewels, he sent me on an expedition to find
  them and claim the wealth for Spain.
• Some of my army coped inside the villages of
  Cibolo and some made separate trips to find the
  gold.

17
Francisco continues again

• Francisco was the first Europeans to travel up
  north to the Rio Grande. He found many Indian
  settlements and discovered the grand canyon. In
  spring Francisco led his army south across what
  is now called Texas. He went to Kansas in search
  of the gran Quivera, a land reported to be rich
  in gold or silver.
• Admiral Mendoza wasn't happy that Francisco and
  the people that were with him didnt return
  without any riches. But Admiral Mendoza realized
  that Francisco worked very hard.
• After that he made Francisco the governor of a
  new world.
• And he died when he was 44 in 1554.

18

• The End