Spain s Empire and European Absolutism Mr. Walker Spain s

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Spains Empire and European Absolutism

• Mr. Walker

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Spains Empire

• Background
• Charles V
• Gives Ferdinand (brother) Austria Holy Roman
  Emp.
• Gives Philip II (son) Spain Spanish colonies
• Philip II
• Seized kingdom of Portugal
• By 1600 339,000 lbs. of gold
• 16,000 tons of silver
• Uses money to support army 50,000 soldiers

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Philip IIs Religious Conflicts

• Reconquista just ended
• Campaign to remove Muslims from Spain
• Duty to defend Catholicism
• Pope calls for help
• Philip II sends ships to fight Ottomans wins
• Tries to attack English (Elizabeth I)
• Big Mistake

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Spains Golden Age

• Escorial
• Philip IIs gray granite palace
• Symbol of strength power
• Patrons of the Arts
• El Greco (GREHKoh)
• Showed deep Catholic faith
• Elongated figures

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Literature

• Miguel de Cervantes (suhrVANteez)
• Don Quixote de la Mancha
• Right every wrong

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Empire Weakens

• Money was only temp.
• Inflation
• Growing population
• Tons of silver
• Jews Muslims expelled businessmen
• Nobles did not pay taxes
• Poor paid taxes, prevented a middle class

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Spains Enemies

• Spanish cloth very expensive
• Buy French English cloth
• Wealth goes to enemies
• No to declare warshad to borrow it
• Any coming into Spain, went right to other
  countries
• Declare bankruptcy

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Dutch Revolt

• Under Spanish control
• Spain Very Catholic
• Dutch Very Protestant
• Raised taxes very high
• Dutch fight back, destroy Catholic churches
• Send in Spanish Duke of Alva
• Kills 1,500 on one day
• 11 yrs. Later, declare indep.

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Dutch Independence

• Art
• Rembrandt van Rijn
• Portraits and group portraits
• Jan Vermeer
• Painted women
• Focused on indoor settings
• Showed how important merchants and middle class
  were to society

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Paintings
Rembrandt van Rijn
Jan Vermeer
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Absolutism in Europe

• Monarchs wanted to be absolute monarchs
• Kings or Queens who hold ALL power within their
  states boundaries.
• Control EVERY aspect of society
• Divine Right
• Idea that God created the monarchy and the
  monarchy was Gods representative on Earth.
• Answer only to God, not subjects

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Growing Power

• Decline of Feudalism Centralized Authority
• Growing Middle Class Back Monarch
• Wealth from Colonies Merchant Class
• Religious Conflicts Lose Power
• Conflict in Territories Increase Monarch Power

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Monarchs

• Regulate Everything
• Social gatherings Religious Worship
• Create Govt Bureaucracies
• Free Themselves From Limitations
• Most Famous is Louis XIV of France
• To Be Continued