Increasing production of chickpea & pigeonpea through Intensive application of Integrated Pest Management

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Increasing production of chickpea pigeonpea
through Intensive application of Integrated Pest
Management
Project Proposal 2010-12 Under Accelerated Pulses
Production Programme
NATIONAL CENTRE FOR INTEGRATED PEST
MANAGEMENT LBS Building IARI Campus, NEW DELHI
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Chickpea - Area 7.63 Mh
Production 5.47 MT Source DAC Govt. of India
(2006-07) Pigeonpea - Area 3.53 Mh
Production 2.35 MT
In rainfed ecology realizing yield potential of
promising varieties depends upon management of
biotic and abiotic stresses
Edaphic
Abiotic
Biotic
Plant Diseases
Insects
Nematodes
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Yield Gap in Pulses
Source Expert Committee Report on Pulses (TMOP)
/ MOA
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Estimated loss () due to specific pests in
Chickpea and Pigeonpea
Chickpea Pigeonpea Pod borer 10-90 Pod borer
complex 40-60 Cutworm 5-30 Phytophthora
blight 5-10 Termites 5-15 Wilt 10-15 Semi
looper 0-10 Sterlity mosaic 10-15 Wilt/rootro
t 20-25 Alternaria blight 10-15 Ascochyta
5-10 Podfly complex 10-50 Botrytis 5-10

Experimental results
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Insects
No resistance gene for podborer, hence gt30 yield
losses in Chickpea
The IPM has reduced use of chemical pesticides
from 4 to 1 with benefit ratio of 4.79 against
2.37 in Non-IPM
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Status of Major Pests of Pigeonpea in India
Pest Moderate damage areas High damage
areas Wilt UP, Bihar, Jharkh, Guj, T N, WB M
S, Karnat, AP MP PB M S, W B U
P SMV Guj, A P U P, Bihar,
M.S., Karnat T N Pod borer U P, Bihar, W B,
Jharkhand M S, Guj, Karnat, A P,
T N (H armigera) Pod fly U P, Bihar, Jhark,
Pun, Hary, U P, Bihar, Jhark, W
B M P Root knot M
S U P, Bihar, Gujarat Cyst Nematode
M S, A P, T N
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Contribution of plant protection in increasing
yield of pulses
Crop Percentage Increase Pigeon
pea 44.57 Moog bean 42.20 Urd bean
48.50 Chickpea 23.64 Lentil 25.00
Based on field experiments
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Outline of the project
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OBJECTIVES

• To develop Nuclear Model Villages in selective
  districts for demonstrating IPM modules in
  farmers participatory mode to suit their
  cropping systems.
• Capacity building of technical assistants of
  different blocks, district/block level officers
  and farmers to enhance their capabilities towards
  healthy crop production through IPM strategies.
• To develop and carryout awareness campaigns
  through conventional (print) and electronic
  media, to reach areas not covered under this
  programme.
• To establish centralized National Pest Reporting
  and Alert System through networking of pulse
  growers, in addition to strengthening of pest
  diagnostic laboratory.

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Pigeonpea IPM Module

• Seed treatment with Trichoderma spp. To reduced
  wilt incidence. Antagonists strains have
  potential (T. harzianum, T. viride)
• Intercropping with sorghum efficiently reduces
  wilt and pod borer.
• Fixing of Pheromone traps for monitoring
• Physical shaking of plants to dislodge grownup
  pod borer larvae.
• Spray of HaNPV for pod borer management
• Crude neem extract 5 (NSKE) against pod borer
  and pod fly.
• Chemical pesticides (Emamectin benzoate) under
  high pest load

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Chickpea IPM Module

• Field sanitation
• Seed treatment with Trichoderma and Rhizobium
• Bird perches
• Growing of Coriander/Linseed as 10th row
  intercrop for build up of natural enemies
• Pheromone traps for H. armigera monitoring
• Spray of NSKE 5 at flowering / pod formation
  stage
• Spray of HaNPV if necessary
• Endosulfan spray / Emamectin (if epidemic
  situation)

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Area of operation by NCIPM under A3P
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Pigeonpea area under IPM in 2010
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Chickpea area under IPM in 2010
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Horizontal spread of IPM
Selection of village SDA SAU to cover
whole village covering maximum of allocated
unit.
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Capacity Building
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e - Pest Surveillance System
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Village Katangi, Jabalpur (MP)
Cercospora indica

• Reduction in green area (50)
• Severe defoliation
• Drop of flowers (gt 75) and buds

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Data collection by Tech Asst
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Networking
Project outlay for 2009-10 Rs 12.79 crore
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GIS Based Mapping System
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Advisory Search Advisory View
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Seedling mortality is a key constraint in and
around Jabalpur
Recommended seed rate 70-100 kg/ha Seed rate
in use 120-150 kg/ha
3 days 7 days
Strains of bioagents used as seed dresser are
effective against Fusarium wilt, however not
effective against Sclerotium rolfsii
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Screening of some isolates of Trichoderma against
F. ciceri
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Soils from disease conducive as well as
suppressive fields will be collected for analysis
and identification of pathogen biotypes.
Associated pathogens will be isolated for
identification and their effective management
and mapping of their occurrence at country level.
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Likely Outputs
Quantitative

• Increase in Pulse production - reduction in
  pest incidence / intensity and saved yields.
• Farmers - decision makers of their own fields.
• economic upliftment through better CB ratio
  
• e.g., Chickpea IPM 14.79 FP
  12.37
• Pigeonpea IPM 12.96 FP 11.87
• Reduced dependence on chemical pesticides
• e.g., Chickpea IPM 1 FP 4
• Pigeonpea IPM 2 FP 6
• Increase in IPM coverage - healthy environment
  for human being as well as for pest defenders.
• Establishing and strengthening - quality
  control laboratory, critical IPM inputs producing
  units at SAUs / KVK will serve as a local source
  of critical IPM inputs.
• Improvement of soil health in terms of
  conservation of soil inhabiting beneficial flora
  and fauna

Qualitative
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Thanks