police reforms in india

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POLICE REFORMS IN INDIA
POLICE REFORMS IN INDIA
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POLICE REFORMS

• police reforms programmed aims to realize
  increased demand for and achievement of police
  accountability and reform throughout the
  Commonwealth.

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Police reforms

• In order to achieve this objective, the police
  are empowered to use limited coercive power
  thereby creating conditions for realization of
  human rights 3. The constitution itself and the
  international treaties and covenants ratified by
  India 4 cast a duty on the state to protect and
  promote human rights. Article 2(3)(a) of the
  International Covenant on Civil and Political
  Rights mandates every state party to ensure that
  any person whose rights or freedoms as herein
  recognized are violated shall have an effective
  remedy, notwithstanding that the violation has
  been committed by persons acting in an official
  capacity.

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Supreme Court Directions

• Insulating police from political pressures
• Internal autonomy to police in personnel matters
• Ensuring accountability
• Objective selection of DGP
• Security of tenure to field officers
• Separating investigative from law and order
  functions

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State Security Commission

• Any model recommended by the following could be
  chosen
• National Human Rights Commission
• Ribeiro Committee
• Sorabjee Committee

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State Security CommissionNHRC Model

• CM/HM as Chairman
• Leader of Opposition
• Lok Ayukta or a retired Judge of High Court to
  be nominated by CJ or Member, State Human Rights
  Commission.
• A sitting or retired Judge nominated by Chief
• Justice of High Court.
• Chief Secretary
• DGP as ex-officio Secretary

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State Security CommissionRibeiro Committee Model

• Minister i/c Police as Chairman
• Leader of Opposition
• Judge, sitting or retired, nominated by Chief
• Justice
• Chief Secretary
• Three non-political citizens of proven merit
• and integrity
• DG Police as Secretary

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State Security CommissionSorabjee Committee Model

• Home Minister as Chairperson
• Leader of Opposition
• High Court Judge (retd.)
• Chief Secretary
• Home Secretary
• Five non-political persons
• DGP as ex-officio Secretary

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Functions of State SecurityCommission

• Laying down broad policies
• Giving directions for the performance of
  preventive tasks and service-oriented functions
  of police.
• Evaluating performance of the State Police and
  preparing a report thereon to be placed before
  State Legislature.

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Accountability

• District Complaints Authority
• State-level Complaints Authority

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Selection of DGP

• From amongst three senior-most officers who have
  been empanelled for promotion to that rank by
  UPSC on the basis of
• Length of Service
• Very Good record
• Range of experience
• Minimum Tenure Two years irrespective of
• date of superannuation.

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Supreme Court Directions

• Upholding the Rule of Law
• Insulating police from extraneous pressures
• Protecting human rights
• Improving Governance

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Impediments

• Political Executive unwilling to shed power
• Opposition from Bureaucracy
• Opposition from within

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