Police org

1
Police Organization and Management

• Chapter 6

2
Police Mission in U.S.

• 1. enforce / support laws
• 2. investigate crimes
• 3. apprehend offenders
• 4. prevent crime
• 5. ensure domestic peace and tranquility
• 6. provide community with enforcement related
  services

3
Enforcing law

• _____ - _____ of all calls to police require a
  police response
• Police must respond regardless

4
Crime prevention

• Proactive
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• Prevention based on _____

5
Crime prevention

• Compstat crime analysis police management
  based upon crime mapping
• ________ ________ __________ reduction or
  lower risk

6
Quality of life issues

• Broken window theory
• Weed-and-seed programs

7
Police services

• 911 emergency calls
• 311 non-emergency calls

8
Preventive patrol

• Uniformed officers on street
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4. psychological feeling of safety

9
Routine response

• 2nd most important function
• Response time from dispatch to arrival

10
Emergency response

• Critical incidences
• Human life in jeopardy

11
Crime scene

• Physical area where a crime is __________
  __________

12
Crime scene response

• 1. determine whether a crimes been committed
• 2. initiate enforcement action
• 3. gather evidence
• 4. forensic specialists

13
Problem solving

• SARA scanning / analysis / respond / assess

14
Support services

• Dispatch / training / property control / records
  / evidence

15
Police management

• _____ / _____ / coordinating __________

16
Police Organization and Structure
Most police organization is structured along
lines of authority.

• Line Operations
• Field activities or supervisory activities
  directly related to day-to-day police work

• Staff Operations
• Include support roles, such as administration

17
Chain of command

• Unbroken line of authority that
  ________________________

18
Span-of-control

• __________ a ranked officer supervises

19
Historical Eras in American Policing
20
Styles of policing
21
Watchman style

• Maintain _____
• Control _____ behavior
• Consider using ______
• Inner city style
• Urban areas

22
Legalistic style

• Enforce the law
• Ignore quality of life issues

23
Service style

• Try to meet community needs
• Helping as opposed to arresting

24
Team policing

• Assign officers to fixed districts
• Get to know the community

25
Community policing

• Police-Community Relations
• 1. store front police
• 2. neighborhood watch
• 3. Project ID
• 4. Youth fingerprinting

• At least 1 of 4 of the following
• 1. community-based crime prevention
• 2. re-orient police to non-emergency service
• 3. increase police accountability
• 4. decentralized command

26
Strategic policing

• Attacks organized crime

27
Problem oriented

• Use social _____ to attack social ______

28
Critique of Community Policing

• Some criticize community policing, citing
  problems such as
• Too abstract of a concept
• Hard-to-measure success
• Difficult to conceptualize and quantify
• citizen success
• Not readily accepted by all police officers or
• managers
• Difficulty coming to a consensus with regard
• to whats considered a community
• problem

29
Impact of terrorism

• 1. increased federal aid to ______
• 2. re-define ______
• 3. re-direct patrol to _____
• 4. creation of _____
• 5. protect people
• 6. new technology

30
The International Association of Chiefs of Police
(IACP) Approach

• IACP announced its Taking Command Initiative in
• They identified five key principles behind
• an effective homeland security policy.
• Homeland security proposals must be developed in
  local context.
• Prevention is a key part of any strategy.
• State and local law enforcement can help
  identify, investigate, and apprehend terrorist
  suspects.
• Strategies must be coordinated nationally, not
  federally.
• There cannot be a one-size-fits-all approach
  considering the vast diversity among state and
  local law enforcement and public safety agencies.

31
Intelligence-led policing

• Use of intelligence to fight terrorism
• Criminal intelligence info compiled / analyzed
  / disseminated in order to anticipate / prevent /
  monitor criminal activity

32
The International Association of Chiefs of Police
(IACP) Approach

• IACP announced its Taking Command Initiative in
• They identified five key principles behind
• an effective homeland security policy.
• Homeland security proposals must be developed in
  local context.
• Prevention is a key part of any strategy.
• State and local law enforcement can help
  identify, investigate, and apprehend terrorist
  suspects.
• Strategies must be coordinated nationally, not
  federally.
• There cannot be a one-size-fits-all approach
  considering the vast diversity among state and
  local law enforcement and public safety agencies.

33
MATRIX multi-state anti-terrorism information
exchange

• Exchange of sensitive info b/w
• federal / state / local
• Boundary-less policing

34
NLETS International Justice Public Safety
Information Sharing Network

• 1.
• 2.
• 3.

• 1. encrypted digital communications
• 2. data bases
• A.
• B.
• C.
• D.
• E.

35
Fusions Centers

• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.

• National ________________ Center
• National Gang ______________ Center

36
National Criminal Intelligence Sharing Plan

• 1. promote
• 2. share
• 3. provide
• 4.

37
Discretion choice

• Basis of what a police officer does

38
discretion

• Influences
• 1. officers _____
• 2. suspects _____
• 3. department _____
• 4. _____ interest
• 5. pressure from _____
• 6. disagreement with _____

39
Police ethics / accreditation

• Adhere to the moral duty / obligation that is
  inherent in police work
• National standards that include ethical behavior

40
Education / training

• http//www.mpoetc.state.pa.us/mpotrs/site/default.
  asp

41
Selection process

• 1. written test
• 2. oral test
• 3. personal interview
• 4. physical agility test
• 5. medical exam
• 6. drug testing
• 7. psychological test

42
Percentage of Local Police Departments Using
Various Recruit-Screening Methods, (Bureau of
Justice Statistics, 2000)
43
Ethnic gender diversity

• 2000 _____ of officers were non-Caucasian

• Females
• ___ - all police jobs
• ___ - minority females
• ___ - top command
• ___ - supervisors
• ___ - line officers

44
Female police officers

• Overview
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• Types
• 1.
• 2.