An Introduction to QTP

1
An Introduction to HP QuickTest Professional
(QTP)
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Topics being Covered

• Introduction to Automation
• Introduction to QTP and its Salient Features
• Environment Supported
• Creating and Enhancing a test suite
• Integration of QTP with Winrunner and Test
  director

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Introduction to Automation
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Why Testing tools?

• - Speed
• - Repeatability
• - Programming capabilities
• - Coverage
• - Reliability
• - Reusability
• - Save Time

• Time consuming
• Low reliability
• Human resources
• Inconsistent

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Which Test Cases to Automate?

• Tests that need to be run for every build of the
  application (sanity check, regression test)
• Tests that use multiple data values for the same
  actions (data driven tests)
• Stress/load testing
• Tests requiring a great deal of precision

More repetitive execution! Better candidate for
automation. REGRESSION TESTING
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Leading Available Automation Tools
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QTP An Introduction

• Quick Test Professional is the flagship
  functional testing tool from Mercury Interactive.
  
• It is an icon based tool, which automates the
  functional regression testing of an
  application.
• QTP is easier to use and implement for both
  technical non technical testers in comparison
  to other functional testing tools available.
• Latest Available versions is QTP 10.0

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Salient Features

• Scripting Language is VBScript which is easy to
  use , understand and program even complex
  functionalities with ease..
• Uses Active Screen technology to record scripts
  which aids the tester in referring to the screens
  object properties.
• Library files contains VBScript functions and
  subroutines that can be added to the test.
• Support Modern Development Environment.

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Environments Supported

• Basic Web Technologies
• HTML
• DHTML
• XML
• Browsers
• Netscape
• Internet Explorer
• AOL
• Advanced Web Technologies
• JavaScript
• Java
• ActiveX

• Multimedia Technologies
• Flash
• RealAudio/Real Video
• MS Media Player
• ERP Solutions
• mySAP.com
• Siebel 2001
• Oracle
• PeopleSoft
• .NET
• Win Forms
• Web Forms
• NET Control
• Web Services
• XML
• WSDL

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Environments Not Supported

• Custom C/S
• PowerBuilder
• Forte
• Delphi
• Centura
• Stingray
• SmallTalk

• ERP/CRM
• Baan
• PeopleSoft Windows
• Siebel 5, 6 GUI Clients
• Oracle GUI Forms

By using Addin we can access some of these
environments
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The Main Screen
Menu Bar
File toolbar
Test toolbar
Test pane
Object
Action Screen
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Important Toolbars

• Test toolbar containing buttons to assist you in
  the testing process
• Debug toolbar containing buttons to assist you
  in debugging your test
• Action toolbar containing buttons and a list of
  actions, enabling you to view the details of an
  individual action or the entire test flow
• Test pane containing two tabs to view your
  testthe Keyword View and the Expert View
• Test Details pane containing the Active Screen
• Data Table containing two or more tabs to assist
  you in parameterizing your testGlobal and one
  tab for each Action

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Test Object Model

• This is a large set of object types or classes
  that Quick Test uses to represent the objects in
  AUTs
• Properties
• Methods
• A test object is an object that
• - represents the actual object
• - stores information about that object.
• A run-time object is the actual object in the
  AUT.

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Test Object Model
Test Object
Run Time Object
QTP Test Object Modeling
Quick Test Professional maps the Run Time Object
to a Test Object already present in its
repository.
Once recognized it can repeat all our actions.
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Objects
You may have called your button as button1, but
QTP recognizes it with the name Calculate
HTML Code for the button CALCULATE ltINPUT
idbutton1 typebutton valueCalculate name
button1 title"" LANGUAGEjavascript
onclick"return button1_onclick()"gt
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Object Repository
Object Repositories
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Object Repository
Object Repositories

• Object Repository acts as a translator between
  QTP script and the Operating System ( similar to
  GUI map concept in win runner).
• Types of Object Repositories
• Shared Object Repository
• Per Action Object Repository

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Per Action vs Shared Object Repository

• Per Action Object Repository
• Separate action repository for each action.
• If an object description changes, you need to
  modify the object in every action repository
  using that object.
• No need for any Object Repository administrator.
• Preferred method if application wont change
  during renovation
• Default Object Repository. Preferable for novice
  QTP users.

• Shared Object Repository
• can use the same shared object repository file
  for multiple tests.
• If an object description changes, you only have
  to modify in the shared Object Repository all
  tests will playback properly.
• Requires Shared object repository creation and
  maintenance.
• Crucial if application may change during
  renovation
• Most commonly used across Automation projects.

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Record Playback
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To Record a Test

• Steps to follow
• 1 Open Quick Test.
• 2 Open a test
• To create a new test, click on New
• To open an existing test, click on Open
• 3 Click the Record button If you are recording
  for the first time the Record and Run Settings
  dialog box opens.

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Playback
Sprint\zXC
abcde
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Keyword View
1. Actions bring in modularity 2. Iteration can
be controlled. 3. Actions can be reused.

1. First name is the name of the edit box.
2. Set is the method

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Expert View
The Expert View uses VBScript
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Check Points in QTP
A checkpoint verifies that expected information
is displayed in your application while the test
is running.
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Types of Check Points
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Inserting Check Points
Right Click the object and select Insert
Checkpoint.
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Analyzing a Test with Check Points
Checkpoint Failed
Checkpoint Passed
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Synchronization Points
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What is a Synchronization Point?

• A synchronization point is a line in the test
  script that instructs QTP to wait for a certain
  response from the application during playback.

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Why Synchronize?
Without synchronization point
With synchronization point
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How to Add Synchronization Points

• Locate the lines in the script to insert the
  synchronization point
• In Quick Test choose Insert gt Step gt
  Synchronization Point. The mouse pointer turns
  into a pointing hand. This should be done while
  recording.
• Using the Hand Pointer click on the object to
  Synchronize.
• Add Synchronization Point dialog box opens.

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How to Add Synchronization Points

• Select the Property name and its corresponding
  value which you want to use for the
  synchronization point.
• Enter the synchronization point timeout (in
  milliseconds) and Click OK. A Wait Property step
  is added to your test.
• For e.g for this case the step inserted in the
  script will be
• Dialog(Login).WaitProperty "enabled", 1, 10000

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Test Parameterization
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How Long Does it Wait?

• TIME PARAMETER (test script)
• Object synchronization timeout (Test Settings)
• TOTAL TIME

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Why Parameterization ?

• Parameterization allows us to pick different
  values at run time.
• Reduces Time and Effort.
• Usage of data drivers allow us to use the same
  data for various input boxes.
• Parameterization can also be done for
  checkpoints.

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Parameterization Continues
1. The hard coded values can be made to vary. 2.
The values will be taken from the excel sheet. 3.
Right click on the object name and select method
arguments
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Global and Action Data Sheets

• The Data Table contains two types of sheets
• Global sheet This enables you to share
  information from one action to another. Should be
  used for data drivers and Output Values.
• Action Sheet Each action also has its own sheet
  in the Data Table so that you can insert data
  that applies only to that action.
• When there are parameters in a current actions
  sheet, you can set Quick Test to run one or more
  iterations on that action before continuing with
  the current global iteration of the test.

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Output Values

• Used when the output for one action is to be used
  as an input for a subsequent action.
• This can be parameterized.
• Even labels can be used as output values.

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Analyzing Test Results
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Test Results Window
Test Results Tree
Test Result Details
Status Summary
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Test Results

• Test Results Tree - an icon-based view of the
  steps that were performed while the test was
  running. Similar to the test tree in Quick Test
  main screen
• Iteration Summary Provides the Status
  (pass/Fail) of each iteration individually.
• Status Summary - Indicates the number of
  checkpoints or reports that passed, failed, and
  raised warnings during the test.

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Viewing Test Results
Iteration Failed
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Actions
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Actions

• Actions can divide a test into several distinct
  business Processes.
• Each actions signifies a logical independent
  test.
• To divide a test into actions you can
• Insert a New Action
• Split an existing action into two Actions
• Insert a copy of an existing Action
• Insert a call to an existing Action
• In this way several actions can be integrated to
  each other within the test or across different
  tests logically.

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Creating Actions
Click on the new Action Icon
Enter the name of the new Action and assign its
attributes
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Types of Actions

• Reusable Action
• Can be reused in the same test multiple times.
• Can be used in another test
• Read Only
• Parameter data can be from a
• local excel (Editable)
• original action sheet (Read Only)
• Nested Action
• An action within an action.
• Helps maintain the modularity of your test
• Enables to run one action or another based on the
  results of a conditional statement

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Copy of an Action

• A lightweight protocol for exchange of
  information in a decentralized, distributed
  environment.
• An XML notation for describing how messages are
  assembled and transmitted over HTTP between
  service consumers (clients) and service
  providers (servers)
• XML based protocol that consists of three parts
• Envelope describes the contents of a message and
  how to process it, and contain extra details such
  as security information or the final destination
  of the message.
• Header is a generic mechanism for adding features
  to a SOAP message in a decentralized manner
  without prior agreement between the communicating
  parties.
• The Body is a container for mandatory information
  intended for the ultimate recipient of the
  message.

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Call to an Action

• Calls to actions are read-only in the calling
  test. They can only be modified in the test in
  which they were created.
• Enables you to use the same action in several
  tests and makes it easy to maintain tests.
• Can make calls to only Reusable actions.

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Integration of Winrunner, QTP Test Director
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Why Integrate QTP ?

• With Win Runner
• Facilitates running Win Runner tests and call TSL
  functions in compiled modules with parameters by
  creating calls to Win Runner tests and functions.
• With Test Director (TD)
• TD, Mercury Interactive test management tool, can
  help you organize and control the testing
  process. It provides an intuitive and efficient
  method for scheduling and running tests,
  collecting test results, analyzing the results,
  and managing test versions.

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QTP WinRunner

• QTP can easily be integrated with Win Runner,
  Test Director and Load Runner.
• If the Winrunner is already installed and being
  used, then QTP can be added without the loss of
  Winrunner scripts.
• Quick Test Pro will be able to call Win Runner
  Scripts.
• A single test can contain both Winrunner QTP
  scripts.

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Advantages of QTP over other Functional
Automation tools

• Easy to use, icon based scripts. Easier for non
  technical testers to learn.
• Usage of VBScript language for scripting which is
  very powerful ,has lots of capabilities and can
  program even complex functionalities with ease.
• The active screen technology allows the person
  writing script to pick-up values that may have
  been left out during recording. This helps to
  reduce re-work for scripting.

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Advantages of QTP over other Functional
Automation tools

• Supports .Net, XML and other modern
  Environments.
• Test Run Iterations/Data driven testing is much
  easier and better implemented with QTP. Capturing
  output values add data driven testing more kick
  and flexibility.
• Can create and implement the Microsoft Object
  Model (Outlook objects, ADO objects, FileSystem
  objects, supports DOM, WSH, etc.).
• Provides ability to trap exceptions and handle
  them using inbuilt functions or user defined
  ones.

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Thank You
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