OUTLINING Rules for the Informative and Persuasive Speech

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OUTLINING Rules for the Informative and
Persuasive Speech
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The CONTENT should DRIVE the outline!

• I. ___________________________________
• A. _________________________________
• 1. _______________________________
• a. _____________________________
• (1) __________________________
• (a) _______________________
  
• (b) _______________________
  
• (2) __________________________
• b. _____________________________
• 2. _______________________________
• B. _________________________________
• 1. _______________________________
• 2. _______________________________

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• WHAT RULE OF OUTLINING DOES THE FOLLOWING
  EXAMPLE VIOLATE?

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• 1. Our Penal System should be reformed.
• 1. The system is unfair.
• A. The system is prejudiced.
• B. The system is inflexible.
• I. California is inflexible.
• II. Nevada is inflexible.
• A. Our prisons should be reformed.
• I. The system can be changed with effort.
• 1. Texas was changed.
• 2. Utah was changed.
• a. The system can be changed with more
• money.
• A. Virginia made changes with more
  money.
• B. Minnesota did the same.

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Rule 1USE STANDARD OUTLINE NUMBERING

• Beebe Beebe
• Chapter 11
• Page 240

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• I. First Main Point
• A. First subpoint of I.
• B. Second subpoint of I.
• C. Third subpoint of I.
• 1. First subpoint of C.
• 2. Second subpoint of C.
• a. First supporting point of 2.
• b. Second supporting point of 2.
• (1) First supporting point of
  b.
• (2) Second supporting point of
  b.
• (a) First supporting point
  of (2).
• (b) Second supporting
  point of (2).

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Rule 2USE AT LEAST TWO SUBDIVISIONS, IF ANY,
FOR EACH POINT.

• BORNEMANN IS GOING TO
• CHANGE THIS RULE!
• The following is (page 26) in your Book Store
  Packet

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The NEW Rule 2

• DIVIDE or BREAK DOWN Supports must have at
  least two subdivisions.
• PROVE, ILLUSTRATE or DEFINE Supports can have
  only one subdivision.

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First What the !! is
a SUPPORT?
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A Support is any indented item in an outline
that serves to either divide, define or prove the
point above it in the outline.
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I. Sixth Sense is an incredible movie.
A. It skillfully uses suspense. B. It has
a wonderful script. C. Bruce Willis is in
it. D. Haley Joel Osment is really great.

• I. Sixth Sense is an incredible movie.
• A. It skillfully uses suspense.

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DIVIDE or BREAKDOWN Supports

• I. _____________________________
• A. __________________________
• B. ________________________
• These supports PROVIDE CLARITY OR EXPLAIN the
  point above by dividing it into its parts.

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DIVIDE or BREAKDOWN Supports

• I. _____________________________________
• A. __________________________________
• 1. ________________________________
• 2. ________________________________
• B. __________________________________

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DIVIDE or BREAKDOWN Supports example

• I. Addisons Disease has several symptoms.
• A. Weight loss.
• B. GI disturbances (stomach pain).
• C. Weakness and decreased endurance.
• D. Increased pigmentation of the skin
• described as BRONZING.

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PROVE, ILLUSTRATE or DEFINE Supports

• I. ______________________________
• A. ___________________________
• 1. _________________________
• Prove, Illustrate or Define Supports either
• PROVE the point above with evidence or provide
  a single illustration or definition.

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PROVE, ILLUSTRATE or DEFINE Supports

• I. ______________________________________
• A. ___________________________________
• 1. ________________________________
• B. ___________________________________

EVIDENCE, ILLUSTRATION or DEFINITION
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PROVE, ILLUSTRATION or DEFINITION Support
example

• I. Drunk drivers harm people.
• A. Drunk drivers kill people.
• 1. Last year, the toll was incredible.
• a. According to the June, 1997
  issue of The
• Journal of Alcohol Abuse,
  12,455 people were
• killed in accidents where one
  of the drivers was
• legally under the influence.
• 2. Historically, the trend is getting
  worse.
• a. The March 10, 1998 issue of
  Auto Club News
• said that driving deaths have
  increased by an
• average of three percent for
  each of the last
• five years.
• B. Drunk drivers injure more people than
  they kill.

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Each Main Point MUST have AT LEAST anCAPITAL
A and a CAPITAL B
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PROVE, ILLUSTRATION or DEFINITION supports are
usually used only in the THIRD level of
outlining.
I. FIRST level
A. SECOND level
1. THIRD level
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Part of Rule 2 If you have only one piece of
supporting material, incorporate it into the
subpoint or point that it supports.

• I. Famous Civil Rights Leaders.
• A. Medgar Evers.
• 1. An early leader in Mississippi.
• 2. Murdered by a white racist in
• 1963.
• 3. His life and death were the basis
  
• for the film, Ghosts of
  Mississippi.

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Famous Civil Rights Leaders wasnt the main
point

• I. Medgar Evers.
• A. An early leader in Mississippi.
• B. Murdered by a white racist in
• 1963.
• C. His life was the subject of the
• movie, Ghosts of Mississippi.

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• WHAT OUTLINING RULE DOES THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLE
  VIOLATE?

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• I. The sale of marijuana should not be
  legalized.
• A. Studies show that legalization would result
  in a far greater number of people using this
  dangerous substance.
• 1. According to the March, 1998 issue of the New
  England Journal of Medicine, legalization would
  create between one and two million additional
  users.
• B. Smoking marijuana results in serious
  problems.
• 1. After a time, brain cells are destroyed.

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Rule 3 Indent points, subpoints, and
supporting material properly.
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• I. The sale and use of marijuana should not be
• legalized.
• A. Studies show that the legalization of
• marijuana would result in a far greater
  
• number of people using this dangerous
  
• substance.
• 1. According to the March 1998 issue of
  the
• New England Journal of Medicine,
  
• legalization would create between
  one
• and two million additional users.

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• WHAT ADDITIONAL RULE (NOT FOUND IN CHAPTER 11)
  DOES THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLE VIOLATE?

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• I. The Informative outline rewrite policy for
  this class contains several specific provisions.
  All of these provisions must be followed or the
  original number of points received on the outline
  will stand as the grade. You only need change
  the parts of the outline that are labeled as
  incorrect or insufficient. You must turn in both
  the original outline and the new one. You must
  submit an entire new outline. Everyone will get
  one week to rewrite the outline. The option to
  rewrite the outline is forfeited if you fail to
  turn in the original outline on time.

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• I. The Informative outline rewrite policy.
• A. There are several specific provisions.
• 1. You need only change those parts of
  the
• outline that are incorrect or
  insufficient.
• 2. You must turn in both the original
  outline
• and the new outline.
• 3. You must submit an entire new
  outline,
• not just the parts you changed.
• 4. Everyone will get one week to
  rewrite
• the outline.
• B. The option to rewrite is forfeited if
  you fail
• to turn in the original outline on
  time.
• C.

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NEW OUTLINING RULE (4)

• EACH POINT IN THE OUTLINE SHOULD REPRESENT A
  SINGLE THOUGHT (USUALLY ONLY ONE SENTENCE)

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Another NEW outlining rule.Whats wrong with
this

• I. According the the September 13,
• 1998 issue of Blood Weekly,
• most hospitals operate with only
• 5 percent of the three rarest
• types of blood.
• A. Blood is very scarce in the U.S.
• 1. Certain blood types are
• particularly rare.

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This is the CORRECT way to use evidence in an
outline

• I. Blood is very scarce in the U.S.
• A. Certain blood types are very rare.
• 1. According to the Sept. 13, 1998
• of Blood Weekly, most hospitals
• operate with only 5 percent of
• the three rarest types of
• blood.

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New Rule (5) EVIDENCE CANNOT BE A MAIN
POINT!!!

• Main Points, by definition, are the MOST
  GENERAL points in an outline.
• Evidence, by definition, is the MOST SPECIFIC
  point in an outline.

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HOW TO CREATE THE BODY OF THE OUTLINE

• 1. Do all your research and label the evidence.
• 2. Make a list of all possible MAIN POINTS,
• before you begin outlining any one of them.
• 3. Create a place to put your main points
• (The Post Office theory of outlining)
• 1. Single sheets of paper.
• 2. Individual computer screens.
• 4. Begin work on any one main point.
• 5. Create all the like major subpoints (A. B.
  C.,
• etc.), then all like supporting points (1,
  2, 3,
• etc.)
• 6. Finish the main points (up to a preparation
• outline).
• 7. Decide on an appropriate organizational
• pattern.
• 8. Add transitions.

This is on page 25 in your Bookstore Packet
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2. Make a list of all possible MAIN POINTS.

• __ Unique ways bubble gum has been used.
• __ Laws objections against bubble gum.
• __ History of bubble gum.
• __ Ingredients of bubble gum.
• __ The popularity of bubble gum.
• __ The profitability of bubble gum.
• __ World records involving bubble gum.

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• __ Laws and Objections to Bubble
• Gum.
• A. Laws against bubble gum.
• B. Many say it is a menace.
• C. Some say it is a health
• hazard.

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• __ Laws and Objections to Bubble Gum.
• A. Laws against bubble gum.
• 1. Singapore example.
• 2. Gbonwea, Liberia example.
• B. Many say bubble gum is a menace.
• 1. L.A. school district maintenance
  crew.
• 2. Housing projects.
• C. Some say bubble gum is a hazard.
• 1. Jaw dislocation.
• 2. Exploding piece.
• 3. 1947 epidemic caused by bubble gum.

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• The following is the first part of a completed
  main point that fulfills the requirements of a
  Preparation Outline

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• IV. Laws and Objections against Bubble Gum.
• A. Laws against bubble gum.
• 1. The October 5, 1993 Los Angeles
• Times indicated that after
  lightning
• struck the village of Gbonwea,
  Liberia,
• residents called in the local
  shaman
• who warned that bubble gum
  should
• never again be allowed in the
  town.
• The residents still comply with
  this.
• 2. The Times also reported that
  there is a
• 6,250 fine and/or a year in
  jail for
• importing bubble gum in
  Singapore.

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A Special HINT

• WHAT IS THE MOST MISSED QUESTION ON THE MIDTERM?

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You might get a question that looks SOMETHING
like this

• I. (Divide/Break down Support)
• A. (Divide/Break down Support)
• 1. (PROVE /DEFINE /ILLUSTRATE
• Support)
• What Can Come NEXT after 1.?

2. or B.
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Or, you might see an outline that looks SORT OF
like this

• I. (Divide/Break down Support)
• A. (Divide/Break Down Support)
• 1. (Divide/Break down Support)
• a. (Divide/Break down Support)
• What CAN come next after a.?

b. or (1)