George W. Solhan

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NDIA Annual Meeting
Presented by George W. Solhan Deputy Chief of
Naval Research for Expeditionary Maneuver
Warfare and Combating Terrorism ST Department
(ONR 30)
13 February 2007
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ONRs Mission
T

• o foster, plan, facilitate, and transition
  scientific research in recognition of its
  paramount importance to enable future naval power
  and the preservation of national security.

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ST ENTERPRISE MISSION

• Maintain Technological Superiority
• Plan and foster ground-breaking scientific
  research
• Assimilate intellectual capital worldwide
• Enable innovative Naval Operating Concepts
• Maintain Global ST Awareness
• Leverage U.S. and global technology insights
• Preempt technology surprise by potential
  competitors
• Transition ST to the Warfighter
• Foster transition from ST to higher levels of
  RDTE
• Execute for the Future
• Ensure alignment of Naval ST with Naval missions
  and future capability needs
• Sponsor primarily external performers but
  maintain core in-house research capability at NRL
  and through the Naval Warfare Centers
• Manage a balanced portfolio with peer-respected
  technical Program Officers
• Develop and sustain a robust ST workforce
• Execute innovative and efficient business
  practices in support of ST mission

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The Way Ahead for Naval ST
a look at tomorrow through the porthole of
today...
6.3 dollars
6.2 / 6.3 dollars
Primarily 6.1 dollars
CNR Fleet/Force Initiatives
FNCs
Discovery and Invention
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Science and Technology Investment by Current
Capability Area
Areas of increasing Navy/MC emphasis
FY07 M
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S T Departments Customers and Portfolios
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Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and Combating
TerrorismST Department Mission
Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and Combating
Terrorism (Code 30) To lead the Department of
the Navys Science and Technology efforts that
develop future combat capabilities for Naval
Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare and the
Departments role in Combating Terrorism
the exploitation and subsequent application of
Science and Technology in order to enhance the
ability of the Navy-Marine Corps team to achieve
assured access and conduct decisive operations as
the naval portion of a joint campaign.
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Expeditionary Maneuver Warfare Combating
Terrorism Department (Code 30)
Distributed Operations Integration
Combating Terrorism Integration Division (303)
Research Division (301)
Applications Division (302)
Director
Director
Director
Basic Researh
Integration
Deputy
C4
ISR
Fires
Logistics
Maneuver
Force Protection (MCM/CIED/ CRAM/etc)
Maritime Irregular Warfare (MSO/MIA/MDA)
Operational Adaptation
Human Performance Training Education
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A
Capabilities Futures Concepts to Requirements ST
Objectives (STOs) Modernization Resources
Plan Execute Technology Discovery, Invention,
and Exploitation Programs. Collaborate with
Services, Agencies, Industry and Academia
Combat Developer MCCDC/OPNAV/CFFC
C
Technology Developer (ST) ONR
RD Procurement Fielding O S
Materiel Developer SYSCOMs/PEOs
B
A Concept Capability Futures
Gaps Requirements B
Capability Futures Gaps
Requirements Technology
C

Requirements Technology RD/
Production Capability
CNR Management
Vision
OPNAV/ HQMC Enterprises
Capability Areas
Research Areas
Research Subareas
Thrusts
ST Strategy Enterprise/MCCDC/ CNR
Projects
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ONR ST Portfolio Balance
Discovery Invention (Basic and Applied Science)
Hi
ST
Warfighter
Leap Ahead Innovations
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Focus
40
Acquisition Enablers
Quick Reaction ST
30
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Lo
Near
Mid
Far
ST has a long-term focus but is responsive to
near-term Naval needs
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ExWar Combating Terrorism
Most Contested Least Invested
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National Naval GWOT Strategy/Analysis
Strategic Guidance
Strategic Guidance
Naval Guidance
Other Guidance
NOC
NSP
USMC OpCon
QDR
FM 3-24 COIN
External Coordination
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CbT Capability Areas Enabling Capabilities
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Irregular Warfare--Defined
Irregular warfare is a form of warfare that has
as its objective the credibility and/or
legitimacy of the relevant political authority
with the goal of undermining or supporting that
authority. Irregular warfare factors indirect
approaches, though it may employ the full range
of military and other capabilities to seek
asymmetric advantages, in order to erode an
adversarys power, influence and will.
(Irregular Warfare Roadmap - QDR)
Detecting and Effecting anonymous irregular
threats dispersed throughout the human
landscapeirregular versus Finding and
Destroying distinctive conventional formations
concentrated on the physical landscapetraditiona
l
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Asymmetric and Irregular Warfare (Combating
Terrorism)

• Vision Enable Naval forces to preempt and defeat
  adaptive non-conventional threats operating
  within complex physical and social terrain.
• Objectives
• ISR
• Unmanned Vehicles Intelligent autonomous
  unmanned vehicles, sensors, and communications
• Interior/Exterior Imaging Rapidly reconstruct
  and fuse multi-aspect sensor data into 3-D
  tactical models of building interiors and
  exteriors
• Riverine Surveillance Common and persistent
  maritime picture on and below the surface/shore
• Intelligence Analysis
• Image and Pattern recognition tools
• Societal, cultural, and behavioral modeling
• Biometrics
• Active and Passive Forensics Tools
• Field-portable forensic tools, sensors, and
  sensor networks as well as spectrally-coded
  particulate markers and probes
• Advanced Countermeasures
• Dominate EM spectrum

Key Research Topics Unmanned Undersea
Vehicle Technologies Unmanned Air and Ground
Vehicles Intelligent and Autonomous
Systems Automated Image Understanding Information
Processing Presentation Social, Cultural
Behavioral Modeling Biometrics Nanoscale
Electronic Devices and Sensors EW Attack Counter
IED Non-Lethal weapons
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Operational Adaptation

• Definition (OA) The ability to gain, maintain,
  or recover the tactical, operational, and
  strategic initiative over an irregular threat by
  anticipating threat measures/countermeasures and
  by facilitating the dynamic tailoring of friendly
  forces, capabilities, actions, and TTPs to defeat
  these measures/countermeasures.
• OA enables domination of the threat decision
  cycle by facilitating the speed, quality, and
  capacity of the friendly decision making cycle.
• OA enables shaping operations by facilitating the
  stimulation, limitation, or manipulation of
  threat activitiesor by influencing the
  activities and perceptions of another relevant
  target audience.

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Proposed ST Plan Road to Operational
Adaptation
Technology Effectiveness Spectrum
Conventional Threats
Irregular Threats
Domain of Existing US Military Technology
Portfolio
Irregular Networks Influence Operations Individual
s
Nation States Material Warfare Traditional
Formations
FY09
FY13

• 5 Demos
• 3 Phases
• Demos build upon each other

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Demo 1 Phase 2 Affordable Persistent
Pervasive Surveillance
(Wide Areas up to 200 nm2 - Open Ocean, Littoral,
Rivers Urban)
Commercially Available SatCom
10 30 Kbps
10 30 Kbps
10 30 Kbps
10 30 Kbps
Riverine
Maritime
Urban/ Asymmetric

• Methodology
• Stealthy, long range, and high endurance UAVs for
  eyes in the sky - deployable from ocean and
  remote locations
• Inexpensive, low power consumption surveillance
  payloads
• Panoramic, wide-aperture optical sensors with 3-D
  imaging
• Data processing for minimization of transmitted
  data using physical indicators and anomalies
• Low bandwidth, over the horizon datalinks

Urban and Terrain Imaging
GIS Geodata
GPS
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Demo 4 Forewarning Through Network Mapping and
Limited Intent Prediction
(Commanders able to gain tactical forewarning by
detecting potential threats and tracking their
activities through complex terrain in real-time)

Global
Intel
Human
Social,
Sources
Action - Terrorist Network Stimulated /
Manipulated
Analyze w/ Prediction Capability
Observe
UAV locates and tracks
Tagged Vehicle
Activity network mapped within minutes,
prediction of future changes of behavior generated
Tagging deployed by UAVs UGVs in suspected
meeting grounds
Tagging, tracking locating coupled with
cultural biometric data and ground and UAV
sensor network.

• Improved Observation Ability to Tag
  Individuals, Vehicles Items Using High-fidelity
  Tagging, Tracking, and Locating (TTL)
  Technologies
• Improved Orientation Pattern Identification of
  Social, Commercial Organizational Relationships

• Orient TTL with analysis algorithms predicts
  threat events hours in advance
• Decide Develop network attack options for
  commander

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Information Operations Evolution (Demo 5)
Information Operations are the integrated
employment of electronic warfare (EW), computer
network operations (CNO), psychological
operations (PSYOP), military deception (MILDEC),
and operations security (OPSEC), in concert with
specified supporting and related capabilities, to
influence, disrupt, corrupt or usurp adversarial
human and automated decision making while
protecting our own.
Disrupt Stimulate Influence
Manipulate
Pre-OA
OA
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Roadmap to Operational Adaptation(Demonstrations
Build On Each Other)
- Low cost sensor payloads - Teraflop
processors - Optical sensors for 3-D imaging
Demo 1 Phase I (Code 31 lead)
Demo
Littoral Surveillance
Demo 1 phase II (Code 31 lead)
Persist Pervasive Surv.
Demo
AUV Long Endurance Gliders
Network attack option models UAV Low Cost/ Long
Endurance
Demo 2 (TBD)
Near R-T Network Map
Demo
AUV - Large Sensor Network
Demo 3 (TBD)
Proactive Tactical Adaptation
Demo
Netted tactical sensor fields
Adaptive learning detection (ADL)
Demo 4 (TBD)
Forewarning Via Network Mapping Limited
Prediction
Demo
Active Threat Manipulation
Demo
ADL Supports enemy network builder
Demo 5 (TBD
Classification of tracks
- Covert tags - Tag integration from UAVs
Real Time processing compact lightweight
Decision causality and stimulation
Optical taggants
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HPTE Program Concept
Support the development of a physically and
mentally superior warrior that is prepared for
peak performance in complex distributed
operations environments. HPTS includes key
aspects of human performance Cognitive
Performance, Physical Performance ,
Survivability, and Training Technology
Enhancement.
Body
Mind
Goal Improve Tomorrows Marine for Tomorrows
Threat
Close capability gaps in how Marines
think,learn, and train
Close capability gaps in how Marines physically
perform, train, andsurvive
Our most effective weapon remains the individual
Marine who out-learns, out-thinks, and out-fights
any adversary -- CMC
Focus Areas
Focus Areas
PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT SURVIVABILITY
COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT
TRAINING TECHNOLOGY ENHANCEMENT
TRAINING TECHNOLOGY ENHANCEMENT
Leverage
Leverage
DARPA, USA,USN, Joint, etc
DARPA, USA,USN, Joint, etc
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HPTE Project Key TechnologiesMapping to DO
Tenets
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Current Load
Our Targets
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(No Transcript)
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Need for Increased Protection
Helmet vest protection
Reduction in base weight
Increased modular protection
Face protection
Increased survivability
Neck protection
Shoulder protection
ST Enablers

• Advanced Materials
• Epidemiology
• Blast Bio-effects Knowledge
• Surrogates MS Tools

Modular extremity protection
Navy Seaman Apprentice Petree, Al Anbar, Iraq
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Funded Programs

• Marine Corps Advanced Combat Helmet System
  Initiative
• 500K in 06, 150K in 07 (additional 07 funds
  pending approval)
• Develop field tested advanced helmet technologies
  that provide improved blast, blunt trauma and
  ballistic protection.
• Provide increased modular protection to the
  critical areas of the face and neck areas.
• Develop advanced materials to increase ballistic
  performance.
• Develop an improved suspension system to better
  absorb high impacts and blast.
• Develop helmet designs that provide increased
  protection, comfort and fit while reducing
  fatigue.
• Reduce heat stress by 25.
• Development of helmet MS and design tools

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Light Tactical Vehicle Evolution Jeep to JLTV
Todays Light Vehicle is More Complex
Modernization Cycles Accelerating
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ONR ST Support to JLTV

• ONR is conducting studies, analyses and
  technology development efforts in the areas of
  concepts, survivability, and mobility
• Technology evaluations and trade studies
• Awarded Contract to Nevada Automotive Test Center
  (NATC)
• Validation of JLTV CDD and performance
  specification
• Fabricate a Gap 1 technology demonstrator
• Nevada Automotive Test Center
• Build, test, and evaluate a Combat Tactical
  Vehicle demonstrator platform
• Concept studies/mockup construction
• Awarded contracts to AM General, General
  Dynamics, BAE, Cadillac Gage, Oshkosh
• Generate concepts for FOV
• Near term concept (for MS B)
• Far term concept (MS C and beyond)

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ONR (NATC) Technology DemonstratorCombat
Tactical Vehicle (CTV)
Survivability Force Protection 6
Marine/Soldier cab Monocoque Aluminum-based
V-Shaped Lower Hull with Integrated
Armor/Structure Modular Armor Kit
Blast-Mitigating Seats Air Conditioning w/
Modular NBC Automatic Fire Suppression
Accepts Multiple Weapons Stations Network
Centricity Integrated communications suite
Sustainability Limited on-board diagnostics
10Kw on the Move 30Kw Stationary Integrated,
exportable AC power Transportability 96 w x
220 l Operational Ht 86 inches Reducible
Ht 76.4 inches CH53/CH47 EAT C130
Transportable MPS Amphibious shipping
Demonstrator curb weight 15,600 lbs Mobility
322 Hp Detroit Diesel 926 6-Speed Twin Disc
Transmission with Integral Transfer Case SLA
Independent w/ 3-Position Ride Height Adjustment
24 Wheel Travel Central Tire Inflation
Systems (CTIS) Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)
w/ Integrated Stability Control Payload 6000
lb payload with integral armor Operational
Range 400 miles
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The Ultimate Customer The Warfighter! Caveat
Real Customer SYSCOMs, PEOs, DRPMs

• HOT Buttons
• Survivability
• Reduce Combat Load
• Small Unit Excellence
• Fuel Efficiency
• Light weight portable
• power sources
• Transparent Urban
• Structures
• Modular, Scaleable
• Weapons
• 8. CIED, MCM, CRAM