DEVELOPMENT OF GIS APPLICATION

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DEVELOPMENT OF GIS APPLICATION INDIA EXPERIENCE
UNEGM on Census MappingNew York 30th May 2007

• C. CHAKRAVORTYOffice of the Registrar General,
  IndiaNew Delhi

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Contents

• Indian Census Brief background
• Rural Urban frame for census
• GIS database design
• Using digital geographic database for
  dissemination
• Development of GIS application
• CensusInfo India
• Punjab GIS
• Internet Census GIS India

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Indian Census Brief background

• First synchronous census held in 1881
• Census 2001 was the 14th in this uninterrupted
  series
• Adopted extended de-facto method (or enumerating
  persons normally residing in the household during
  the enumeration period)
• Census held in two phases
• House-listing Operations (April to June 2000)
• Population Enumeration (9th to 28th February
  2001)

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Indian Census Brief background

• Unit of enumeration in Census is the Enumeration
  Block (EB) allotted to an Enumerator
• Curved out on the basis of population size, an EB
  comprises of about 120 150 households or about
  500 to 750 persons
• 2 million Enumerators were deployed for 2001
  Census. Mostly primary school teachers.

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Preparing Rural Urban Frame

• Before census, a complete list of administrative
  units (e.g., state, district, sub-district, towns
  and villages) is finalized to ensure full
  coverage
• To achieve this, instructions are issued before
  census to ban creation of new administration
  units
• This allows finalizing list of villages and towns
  and prepare the frame for census.

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Administrative Hierarchy
Country
State (35)
District (593)
Sub-district (5,463)
C D Block (6,406)
Town (5,161)
Village (0.6 million)
Ward
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2001 Census Coding Scheme

• Unique code is allotted to each state, district,
  sub-district, town, village and EB
• State/UT . 2 digits (within the country)
• District . 2 digits (within the state/UT)
• Sub-district . 4 digits (within the district)
• Village . 8 digits (within the state/UT)
• Town . 8 digits (within the district)

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Coding Scheme

• Permanent Location Code Number (PLCN) assigned to
  each and every village in the country for the
  first time in 2001 Census
• PLCNs would remain unchanged in future censuses
• PLCNs are unique within the state
• PLCN would allow easy
• Updating village list
• Recasting in case of re-organization
• Time series analysis.

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(No Transcript)
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GIS Database Design
Integration of GIS technology in Census Mapping

• GIS introduced in Indian Census in 1992
• Such software, as, ArcInfo, ArcView and ArcGIS
  have been extensively used
• About 60 skilled professionals are engaged in GIS
  related work in 17 centres located in different
  parts of the country.

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GIS Database Design
Pre-Census mapping

• Maps showing jurisdictional boundaries are
  updated by incorporating changes before every
  census and used for pre-census work
• This work takes about three years to complete.

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Updating the maps
INDIA (States/UTs)
INDIA (Districts)
State/UT (Districts) -35
DISTRICT-593 (Sub districts)
SUB-DISTRICT-5,463 (Village)
WARDS(Charge)
TOWNS-5,161 (Wards)
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India Newly Created States During 1991-2001
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India New Districts During 1991-2001
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Tamil Nadu Chennai- New Areas During 1981-91
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GIS Database Design
Stored as separate layers

• India Showing States/Union Territories
• India Showing Districts
• India Showing Sub-Districts
• States Showing Sub-Districts
• District Showing Sub-Districts
• Sub-District Showing Village locations or
  Village boundaries
• District Showing Village locations or Village
  boundaries

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Post Census Mapping

• After the census various types of thematic maps
  portraying census and house listing data are
  prepared at country, state, district,
  sub-district level
• These maps are used in checking the quality of
  census data before publishing the results by
  comparing 1991 and 2001 Census data
• Extensive use of maps have been made using
  PowerPoint presentations while sensitizing the
  data users with the 2001 Census results.

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Post Census Mapping
List of Publications

• Census Atlas - National Volume
• Population Atlas - National Volume
• Census Atlases of each State and Union Territory
• District Census Hand Book maps
• Tribal Atlas of India.
• Administrative Atlas of India
• Administrative Atlases of States and Union
  territories
• Language Atlas of India
• Housing Atlas of India
• Map Profile 2001 India, State and Union
  Territories
• Preparation of 593 District maps of the country
  showing villages

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Child Sex Ratio in Age Group 0-6 (India by
Districts)
2001
1991
The 1991 Census was not held in J k
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Households Using Electricity for Lighting
(1981-2001) (India by States)
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Female Literacy Rate (1981-2001) (India by
Districts)
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Digital Database for Dissemination

• Indian Census has been a major supplier of map
  products in the country both in print form and
  in digital form.
• With revision in policy it has now become
  possible to disseminate digital database
• Users could be categorized into three groups
• Users who want to procure geographic database for
  developing their own applications
• Users who would like to use a pre-packaged
  database product developed by the Census
  Organisation and
• Users who would like to view thematic maps in the
  form of static pages

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Digital Database for Dissemination

• Census Organisation meets the need of all the
  three category of users
• Digital database are procured by large business
  houses, software developers for preparing GIS
  applications for use
• Census Organisation releases pre-packaged GIS
  products on selected census themes, which allow
  certain degree of interactivity both in CD as
  well on the Internet
• Static thematic maps are also disseminated in
  print and also made available on the census
  website.

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Development of GIS Applications

• Before any GIS application is developed, it is
  important to keep in mind the target users and
  their need
• Too much information should not be packed in one
  application
• Care should be taken to make the application
  focused and user-friendly
• Need for development would usually arise by
  regular interactions with the data users over a
  period of time.

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GIS Applications developed by Census

• CensusInfo India (on CD)
• Census GIS Punjab (on CD and Internet)
• Census GIS India (on Internet)

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Development of CensusInfo India

• First application developed by Census
• Based on ChildInfo software developed by UNICEF
• CensusInfo India allows generation of maps up to
  sub-district level
• Steps involved include
• Finalizing geographic database
• Finalizing attribute database
• Integration of the two using GIS software

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Development of CensusInfo India

• CensusInfo allows extraction of data in the form
  of tables, drawing graphs and charts and
  generating thematic maps
• CensusInfo covered the following subjects
• Demographic
• Economic
• Education
• Housing
• Amenities available
• Assets available

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CensusInfo India Home Page
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Gender Gap in LiteracyIndia by Districts2001
Census
Prepared by usingCensusInfo India
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Households Owning TelevisionNorth Eastern India
by Sub-districts
Prepared by usingCensusInfo India
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Development of Census GIS Punjab

• Objective of developing Census GIS Punjab module
  was to empower District Administration to
  identify less developed regions to allow
  directing resources to these areas for
  development
• The module allows generating thematic maps
• At village level
• Search based on a simple and even complex query
• Presenting resultant outputs in MS Word and MS
  Excel format.

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Census GIS India Punjab Home Page
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Development of Census GIS Punjab

• Data Content
• On housing, household amenities and assets up to
  village level
• On population, number of literates and literacy
  rates, type and category of workers, etc. up to
  village level
• On amenities and infrastructural facilities
  available in villages

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Development of Census GIS Punjab

• Preparation
• Data content finalized as per given format
• Geographic digital databases of Punjab by
  districts, sub-districts and villages given to
  software developer
• Software developer integrated the two and
  produced the module for dissemination on CD
• Selection of suitable software for producing GIS
  application is difficult.

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Census GIS Punjab Template
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Proportion of Agricultural Labourers Fatehgarh
Sahib District Punjab
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Low Child Sex Ratio( Less than 750 females per
thousand males)in three Punjab Districts
Amritsar
Kapurthala
Firozepur
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Census GIS India on Internet

• Features
• Extends the facility of preparing thematic maps
  on Census subjects on the web
• Large variety of data made available
• Maps up to Sub-district level
• Absolutely free
• Output maps generated by the users could be used
  in reports and presentations.

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Census GIS India on Internet

• Data Content
• Population
• Houses, household amenities and assets
• Religion
• Age and marital status
• Economic status
• Disability
• Literacy and education

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Census GIS on InternetHome Page
http//www.censusindiamaps.net
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Census GIS India on InternetTemplate
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Poor Literacy Rate (Less than 50)
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Demonstration

• CensusInfo India
• Census GIS Punjab

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. Thank you