Changes in RDA

1
Changes in RDA

• Changes in the Rules for Descriptive Cataloging
• by
• Judy Knop

2
Timeline

• Chapters 1-2, 4-5 reviewed 2006
• Chapter 3, part of 4 reviewed March-May 2007
• Chapters 6-7 review July-September 2007
• Part B December 2007-March 2008
• Complete Draft July-December 2008
• Release of RDA 2009

3
RDA Objectives

• Responsiveness to user needs
• Cost efficiency
• Flexibility
• Continuity

4
Objectives Responsiveness to User Needs

• Identify the resource described (i.e., to confirm
  that the resource described corresponds to the
  resource sought, or to distinguish between two or
  more resources)
• Select a resource that is appropriate to the
  users requirements with respect to content,
  format, etc.

5
Objectives Cost Efficiency

• Descriptive data should meet the functional
  requirements in a cost-effective manner

6
Objectives Flexibility

• Descriptive data should function independently of
  the format, medium, or system used to store or
  communicate the data
• Descriptive data should be amenable to use in a
  variety of environments

7
Objectives Continuity

• Descriptive data should be amenable to
  integration into existing files with a minimum of
  retrospective adjustment to those files

8
RDA Principles

• Differentiation
• Sufficiency
• Relationships
• Representation
• Accuracy
• Common usage
• Uniformity

9
Principles Differentiation

• Descriptive data provided should serve to
  differentiate the resource described from other
  resources represented in the file

10
Principles Sufficiency

• Descriptive data should be sufficient to meet the
  needs of the user with respect to selection of an
  appropriate resource

11
Principles Relationships

• Descriptive data should indicate significant
  bibliographic relationships between the resource
  described and other resources

12
Principles Representation

• Descriptive data should reflect the resources
  representation of itself

13
Principles Accuracy

• Descriptive data should furnish supplementary
  information to correct or clarify ambiguous,
  unintelligible, or misleading representations
  made by the resource itself

14
Principles Common Usage

• The guidelines and instructions for recording
  data elements other than those transcribed from
  the resource itself should reflect common usage

15
Principles Uniformity

• Guidelines and instructions provided in the
  appendices on capitalization, numerals,
  abbreviations, order of elements, punctuation,
  etc. should serve to promote uniformity in the
  presentation of descriptive data

16
Structure of Part I

• Chapter 1 General guidelines on resource
  description
• Chapter 2 Identification of the resource
• Chapter 3 Carrier type
• Chapter 4 Content type
• Chapter 5 Information on terms of availability
• Chapter 6 Persons, Families, and Corporate
  Bodies Associated with a Resource
• Chapter 7 Related Resources

17
Chapter 1 General Guidelineson Resource
Description

• Appropriate type of description
• Changes requiring a new record
• Mandatory elements
• Language and script
• Conventions used in transcription
• Formulation of notes
• Descriptive elements used as access points

18
Types of Description

• Comprehensive Single description for a resource
  described as a whole
• monograph, serial, integrating resource
• Analytical Description of a part of a larger
  resource
• single issue of a periodical, a filmstrip issued
  as part of a kit
• Multilevel Description of the whole and of each
  part
• series record and individual records for each
  volume

19
Changes Requiring a NewDescription

• Serials
• Major change in title
• Change in responsibility affecting the primary
  access point

20
Mandatory Elements

• Title proper
• Earlier/later variations in title proper
• Statement of responsibility (person, family, or
  corporate body with principal responsibility)
• Edition statement
• Numbering
• Publisher, distributor (only first recorded)
• Option to omit statement of responsibility

21
Mandatory Elements

• Date of publication, distribution, etc.
• Title proper of series
• Numbering within series
• Resource identifier
• Form of carrier
• Extent
• Scale of cartographic content
• Coordinates of cartographic content

22
Mandatory Elements

• Note Include any additional elements required
  to identify the resource

23
Letters or Words Intended to beTranscribed More
than Once

• If a letter or word appears on the source only
  once, transcribe it only once, even if the design
  makes it clear that it is intended to be read
  more than once
• Canadian BIBLIOGRAPHIES canadiennes
• If considered important, make a note and record
  the intended reading as a variant title

24
Abbreviations

• Do not abbreviate words or substitute the
  prescribed abbreviation in any title field or
  statement of responsibility. If a word appears
  in an abbreviated form, transcribe it as it
  appears.

25
Inaccuracies

• Transcribe an inaccuracy or a misspelled word, in
  any transcription area, as it appears
• The wolrd of television
• Educatonal Publications
• 2070
• Make a note and record a variant title if
  considered important
• Note Title should read The world of television
• Note Publisher should read Educational
  Publications
• Note Date of publication should read 2007

26
Chapter 2 Identification of theResource

• This chapter contains the instructions for
  recording (for all types of resources)
• Title Statement of responsibility
• Edition Numbering
• Publisher Place of publication
• Date of Publication Series
• Frequency

27
Title

• Title proper is mandatory
• Transcribe title as it appears on the resource
• Exceptions
• Resources issued in successive parts
• Correct obvious typographic errors when
  transcribing the title proper and record the
  title as it appears on the source of information
  in a note. In case of doubt, transcribe it as it
  appears.
• Serials
• Omit information such as dates, numbers, names
  which change from issue to issue. Use the mark
  of omission

28
Alternative Title

• No longer to be considered part of the title
  proper!
• JSC decision, April 2007

29
Statement of responsibility

• Mandatory unless following option
• To be transcribed as found on the resource
• Option In lieu of recording a statement of
  responsibility as a descriptive element, provide
  a controlled access point for the responsible
  person, family, or corporate body.

30
Numbering

• Mandatory
• Transcribe numbering as it appears on the source
  of information
• Transcribe chronological designation as it
  appears on the resource
• If serial has more than one separate system of
  designation, record the systems in the order in
  which they are presented
• No examples of number and date as currently done
  for serials

31
Chapter 3 Carrier

• FRBR Function Identify/Select
• Physical characteristics of the carrier
• Formatting and encoding of the information stored
  on the carrier

32
General Guidelines

• Sources of information
• Base the description on evidence presented by the
  resource itself, or any accompanying material or
  container. If desired, take additional evidence
  from any source.

33
Different Formats Available

• If manifestations are available in different
  formats, describe the carrier as they apply to
  the manifestation being described.
• For facsimiles or reproductions, record the
  elements describing the carrier as they apply to
  the facsimile or reproduction.

34
Online Resources

• Record online resource as the carrier type for
  all online resources.
• If complete, or total extent is known, record the
  extent
• If consists of more than one file, and a
  description of each is considered important,
  record the characteristics of each.
• text file RTF 73 KB
• (File type, encoding format, and file size for a
  text file in an online resource)

35
Changes in Carrier

• If the carrier characteristics change, record the
  change as instructed
• Resource in successive parts
• If carrier changes, or new carrier
  characteristics are introduced, record the
  changes. Add a note if important.
• Integrating resource
• If carrier changes, or new carrier
  characteristics are introduced, change the
  carrier description. Make a note if considered
  important for identification or selection.

36
Media Type

• Optional
• Currently known as GMD (245 h)
• Media type reflects the general type of
  intermediation device required to view, play,
  run, etc. the content of a resource.
• Record the type(s) of media using one or more of
  the terms in Table 1. Record as many terms as
  are applicable.

37
Media Terms

• Audio Projected
• Computer Stereographic
• Microform Unmediated
• Microscopic Video
• If none of these terms apply, record Other
• If the media type cannot be readily ascertained,
  record unspecified

38
Carrier Type

• Mandatory
• Carrier type reflects the format of the storage
  medium and housing of a carrier in combination
  with the type of intermediation device required.
• Record the carrier type using one or more of the
  terms listed. Record as many terms as are
  applicable.

39
Carrier Types

• Audio carriers
• Computer carriers
• Microform carriers
• Microscope carriers
• Projected carriers
• Stereographic carriers
• Unmediated carriers
• Video carriers

40
Carrier Types

• If none of the terms listed applies, add the word
  other to the broader heading, i.e. other
  microform carrier, etc. If none of the broader
  headings applies, record other
• If the carrier type cannot readily be
  ascertained, record unspecified

41
Extent

• Mandatory
• Reflects the number of units and/or subunits
  making up a resource
• Record the number of each applicable type
  followed by the appropriate term from the list.

42
Extent Online Resources

• If the resource parallels a print or graphic
  counterpart, specify the number of subunits based
  on the parallel counterpart
• 1 online resource (68 pages)
• 1 online resource (36 photographs)
• For other types of files, specify the number of
  files and a term designating the file type
  (optionally add no. of statements)
• 1 online resource (2 video files)
• 1 online resource (1 program file 96 statements)

43
Recording Dimensions

• Optional
• Dimensions are the measurements of the carrier(s)
  and/or the container
• Unless otherwise instructed, record dimensions in
  centimetres to the next whole centimetre (may
  abbreviate as cm Note no period)
• Alternative Use the system of measure preferred
  by the cataloging agency

44
Base Material

• Base material is the underlying physical material
  on which the content of a resource is stored.
• Record the base material if considered important
  using terms from a list of terms. If none is
  appropriate, use a concise term.
• Give notes as needed
• Ex. acetate cardboard polyester skin stone
  vellum wax

45
Applied Material

• Applied material is a physical or chemical
  substance applied to record the content of a
  resource.
• Record the applied material from the supplied
  list or use another appropriate term
• Ex. chalk diazo pastel plaster silver
  halide tempera

46
Mount

• Mount is the physical material used for the
  support or backing to which the base material of
  a resource has been attached
• Record the material used in the mount from the
  list of Base Materials or another appropriate
  term, if considered important

47
Production Method

• Production method reflects the process used to
  produce a resource
• Use a term from the list provided, or another
  appropriate term
• Ex. blueline collotype photocopy print
  typescript woodcut

48
Generation

• Generation reflects the transfer of the content
  of a resource from one carrier to another (1st
  generation camera master, 2nd generation printing
  master, 3rd generation service copy)
• Record the generation using terms given under
  specific types of material, e.g. audio
  recordings, digital resources, microforms, motion
  picture films, videotapes

49
Layout

• Layout is the arrangement of text, images, etc.
  in a resource
• Record the layout if considered important, using
  one of the terms below
• double sided
• single sided
• Use another appropriate term, if necessary
  (exceptions given for maps, tactile music and
  tactile text)

50
Color

• Color indicates the presence of color(s),
  tone(s), etc. in the content of a resource
• If the content is in colors other than black and
  white, record them using a term from the list
  provided (chiefly colored colored some colored)
• Exceptions for still images, moving images,
  three-dimensional forms, visual impairment
  resources

51
Foliation

• Foliation indicates the number of folds made in a
  printed sheet to form a gathering of leaves (used
  for early printed books)
• Use a term from the list provided

52
Font Size

• Font type is the size of type
• May be expressed in general terms, such as large
  print, or by specifying a font size in points

53
Polarity

• Polarity indicates the relationship of the
  colours and tones in an image on film to the
  colours and tones of the object filmed
• Record positive, negative, or mixed

54
Reduction Ratio

• Reduction ratio indicates the size of a
  micro-image
• May be expressed as a range or a specific ratio

55
Sound Characteristics

• Sound characteristics are technical
  specifications relating to the encoding of sound
  in a resource
• Record the word sound
• Other elements which can be recorded
• type of recording, playing speed, groove
  characteristics, track configuration, tape
  configuration, configuration of playback
  channels, and special playback characteristics

56
Projection Characteristics

• Projection characteristics are technical
  specifications relating to the projection of a
  motion picture film
• Record presentation format and projection speed

57
Video Characteristics

• Video characteristics are technical
  specifications relating to the encoding of video
  images
• Record video format and broadcast standard

58
Digital File Characteristics

• Digital file characteristics are technical
  specifications relating to the digital encoding
  of text, audio, video, and other types of data in
  a resource
• Record file type, encoding format, file size, and
  transmission speed

59
Chapter 4 Content Description

• Mandatory
• Elements that describe the content
• Elements conveying the intellectual requirements
  (form of work, audience, language, etc.)
• Elements that reflect content-oriented
  relationships (e.g. sources on which the content
  is based)
• Record as Leader 06/Type of record (OCLCType)

60
Content Type

• Reflects the fundamental form of communication
  in which the content is expressed and the human
  sense through which it is intended to be
  perceived. For content expressed as images,
  content type also reflects the number of spatial
  dimensions in which the content is intended to be
  perceived and the perceived presence or absence
  of movement.

61
Content Type

• Cartographic data set
• Cartographic image
• Cartographic moving image
• Cartographic tactile image
• Cartographic tactile three dimensional form
• Cartographic three dimensional form
• Computer data set
• Computer program

62
Content Type

• Moving image
• Notated movement
• Notated music
• Performed music
• Sounds
• Spoken word
• Still image

63
Content Type

• Tactile image
• Tactile music
• Tactile notated movement
• Tactile text
• Tactile three dimensional form
• Text
• Three dimensional form
• Three dimensional moving image

64
Chapter 5Terms of Availability

• Price
• For published works
• Name/Address of publisher/distributor
• For archival works
• Name/Address of archival repository

65
Chapter 6 Persons, Families,Corporate Bodies

• Scope
• Provides general guidelines and instructions on
  recording persons, families, and corporate bodies
  associated with a resource being described.
• Special instructions relating to legal,
  religious, official communications, and academic
  disputations will be retained.

66
Arrangement

• Arrangement will be by function performed
• Creators and contributors of content (of works or
  expressions)
• Other persons, families, corporate bodies
  associated with the content
• Producers, publishers, etc. (of manifestations)
• Owners, custodians, etc. (of items)

67
April 2007 decisions on Ch. 6

• Rules on primary access moved to Part B
• More emphasis on designation of role
• Appendix to include a controlled list of terms
  designating role
• Removing the rule of 3

68
Chapter 6-7

• The following are required
• Creator (if more than one, only the first is
  required)
• Relationship between a manifestation and a work
  or expression embodied in the manifestation (if
  more than one work or expression is embodied,
  only the predominant or first-named work or
  expression is required)

69
General GuidelinesAdditional Access Points

• Persons, families, corporate bodies other than
  the primary access point who have collaborated in
  or contributed to the creation or realization of
  the content.
• Persons, families, corporate bodies associated
  with the content of the resource through
  attribution.

70
General GuidelinesAdditional Access Points

• Sponsoring bodies, etc. and other persons,
  families, or corporate bodies associated with the
  content, if considered important.
• Special rules for guidance on providing
  additional access points for legal, religious,
  official communications, and academic disputations

71
Guidelines for Additional Access

• Specific rules provided for
• Collaborators
• Editors, compilers, etc.
• Commentators, interpreters, annotators, etc.
• Translators
• Illustrators
• Performers
• Others (e.g. interviewers, moderators, producers,
  directors, animators)

72
Designation of Role

• Add a designation of role
• Use standard list (to be provided in appendix)

73
Chapter 7Related Resources

• Chapter to be reorganized using Barbara Tilletts
  taxonomy of relationship types
• Equivalence Derivative
• Descriptive Whole-part
• Accompanying Sequential
• Primary

74
Related Resources

• Each relationship can be expressed by
• Citation
• Access point
• Embedded description
• Informal reference
• Resource identifier

75
Part B Decisions April 2007

• No change to AACR2 practice in terms of choice of
  main entry and form of access points without
  strong justification
• Drop rule of 3
• Radical simplifications such as omitting the
  specific criteria for considering a corporate
  body to have responsibility for a work (21.1B2)
  will not be made in first release of RDA

76
Uniform Titles

• IME ICC draft Statement of International
  Cataloguing Principles will be seriously
  considered. It says (in this order of priority)
• Base the Uniform Title on the commonly known
  title in the language and script of the catalog
  when one exists.
• Original title
• Title most frequently found in manifestations of
  the work

77
Uniform Titles

• Differs from current Chapter 25, which puts
  emphasis on original title for works after 1500.
• JSC to discuss in October meeting

78
Treaties

• LC has proposed entering all treaties under
  title.
• Concern about impact on already cataloged works.
• LC preparing paper on impact
• For discussion in October 2007

79
Bible Uniform Titles

• Proposal
• Old and New Testaments should be spelled out
• Individual books should be entered directly after
  Bible
• Bible. Old Testament Bible. New Testament and
  Bible. Apocrypha will be used to identify
  aggregates

80
Bible Changes

• Constituents will be asked to agree to the
  changes above and to agree that the change
  justifies the cost involved
• Instruction will be added allowing entry under
  personal name where appropriate for sacred works

81
Decisions April 2007

• There will be only two categories Required and
  Optional.
• Required if applicable will be dropped.

82
Exercises

• Now it is your turn

83
Exercise 1

• 245 Marcel Marceau h unmediated, b or, L'art
  du mime / c William Edwards.
• 250 3. ed. / c revised by Thomas Miller.
• 260 Berlin Germany b Michael G. Hinman,
  Publisher, c 2007.
• 300 1 f volume (24 pages, 12 pages of plates)
  b coloured illustrations, maps, portraits c
  21 cm
• 500
• Leader06/Type of record Text

84
Exercise 2

• 245 Christ rucified h computer, video / c by
  Edward ubens.
• 246 Christ crucified
• 260 Los Angeles, CA b Educatiional Publishers,
  c 2050.
• 300 1 f online resource (1 video file (27 min.))
  b sound, coloured with black and white
  sequences
• 500 Title should read Christ crucified.
• 500 Statement of responsibility should read
  Edward Rubens.
• 500 Publisher should read Educational
  Publishers.
• 500 Date should read 2005.
• Leader06/Type of record Moving image

85
Exercise 3

• 245 Gambia h unmediated / c by Stephen C.
  Stringall.
• 246 i At head of title a International travel
  map
• 260 Vancouver, B.C. b International Travel
  Maps Publishing Ltd., c c1999.
• 300 1 f volume (1 map on 2 sheets) b
  manuscript, coloured c 47 x 229 cm, sheets 49
  x 119 cm
• Leader06/Type of record Cartographic image

86
Exercise 4

• 245 Noah's ark h projected, audio, unmediated
  b Sunday school curriculum for 4 year olds /
  c by Mike Kirby.
• 260 Louisville, KY b Brimstone Publishers, c
  2006.
• 300 1 f filmstrip ( 39 frames) b coloured
  c 35 mm
• 300 1 f audiocassette (approximately 18 min.)
  b analog, mono c 10 x 7 cm
• 300 1 f sheet (folded, 4 pages) c 22 cm
• 300 1 f box c 33 x 47 x 5 cm
• Leader06/Type of record still image, spoken
  word, text