Juan Manuel de Rosas Argentine Caudillo Governor of Buenos Aires 18291852

1
Juan Manuel de RosasArgentine CaudilloGovernor
of Buenos Aires (1829-1852)

• Caudillo Strong-man leader common throughout
  Latin America in the 19th century in the years
  following independence. Often caudillos were
  national leaders (presidents or otherwise) but
  some were merely local leaders who wielded great
  influence. In many areas of Latin America, the
  instability caused by the power void after
  independence explains the rise and popularity of
  caudillos. Generally these leaders possessed the
  following characteristics
• Capable military leaders Most gained legitimacy
  as military men through their participation in
  the Wars of Independence (1810-20)
• Wealthy Generally caudillos were independently
  wealthy (often tied to large landholdings) and
  were able to finance their own private armies.
• Ruthless Caudillos were renowned for their
  indiscriminate use of terror and intimidation to
  maintain power.
• Charismatic Caudillos were known to be extremely
  charming and charismatic. This personality trait
  provided them a large degree of popular support.
• Ready and reliable Caudillos were reputed to
  possess the characteristics of Machismo and
  were known for their bravery, physical abilities,
  and masculinity.

2
Argentina in the 19th Century

• Unitarios Anti-Rosas political movement based in
  the countryside of Argentina. Members
  (including many intellectuals) promoted a liberal
  political platform and used the press to oppose
  the federalist-Rosas regime prompting aggressive
  censorship policies throughout the country. Many
  of the Unitario intellectuals were also referred
  to as the Generation of 1837 and were forced to
  flee into exile as Rosass power grew.
• Federales Political movement in 19th century
  Argentina that backed the Rosas regime. Members
  included the bourgeoisie elite, centrists and
  conservatives, leaders in the Catholic Church,
  gauchos, some urban workers, and some of the
  rural population. The largest support base was
  in the cities, particularly Buenos Aires.
  Supporters of Rosas were distinguishable by their
  red ribbons (blue and white of the Unitarios
  would arouse suspicion and could result in
  punishment).
• Gaucho Argentine cowboys men whose livelihood
  was tied to the large population of wild horses
  and cattle in the Argentine countryside. These
  men developed a strong sense of autonomy, living
  outside of major urban settlements, living off
  the land, and looking out for their own. Gauchos
  have gained a romanticized reputation of being
  brave, masculine, independent, and able.
• Mazorca Force Rosass private police force who
  supported the rule by terror and forced
  complaince through violence during Rosass rule.
• Domingo Faustino Sarmiento Anti-Rosas writer,
  intellectual, and educator who was forced into
  exile during the Rosas era. From Chile, he
  continued to write caustic criticisms of the
  Rosas regime.