Linda Mason, Ed'D' Coordinator for Grantwriting and External Funding Technical Assistance Oklahoma S

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Linda Mason, Ed.D.Coordinator for Grantwriting
and External Funding Technical AssistanceOklahoma
State Regents for Higher Education

• lmason_at_osrhe.edu
• www.okhighered.org/grant-opps/
• IP 164.58.250.178

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ETHICS IN RESEARCH

• In general terms, responsible conduct in research
  is simply good citizenship applied to
  professional life.
• Researchers who report their work
• Honestly
• Accurately
• Efficiently
• Objectively
• Irresponsible, or unethical conduct includes
• Knowingly reporting inaccurate results
• Wasting funds
• Allows personal bias to influence scientific
  findings

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ETHICS IN RESEARCH

• Principle Investigator
• Truth in follow-through
• What are the broader impacts? Are undergraduate
  students involved? Are K-12 students
  involved? K-12 teachers? Are underrepresented
  staff involved? Is your local community involved?
  Are there statewide, national or international
  collaborations?
• What is the intellectual merit of the proposed
  activity? How important is the proposed activity
  to advancing knowledge and understanding within
  its own field or across different fields? How
  well qualified is the proposer? Does the proposed
  activity suggest and explore creative and
  original concepts? How well conceived and
  organized is the proposed activity? Is there
  sufficient access to resources?

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ETHICS IN RESEARCH

• Research is not an organized profession in the
  same way as law or medicines. Researchers learn
  best practices in a number of ways and in
  different settings.
• Norms vaiy
• Local, state and Federal regulations

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• Shared Values
• Honesty conveying information truthfully and
  honoring commitments
• Accuracy reporting findings precisely and
  taking care to avoid errors
• Efficiency using resources wisely and avoiding
  time waste
• Objectivity letting the facts speak for
  themselves and avoiding improper bias

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• Guidance
• Not like obtaining a drivers license
• Some laws and policies
• Other codes and guidelines
• Some responsible practices accepted but not
  written mentoring, not monitored or tested
• Penalties vary

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• Guidance
• Professional codes
• Government regulations
• Institutional policies
• Personal convictions

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• Professional Codes
• Many professional organizations do have a code of
  ethics.
• Many are general statements about ideals and do
  not contain specific guidance

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• Code Resources
• Sigma Xi. Honor in Science
• http//www.sigmaxi.org/publications
• National Academy of Sciences. On Being a
  Scientist Responsible Conduct in Research
• http//www.nap.edu/redingroom/books/obas/
• National Institutes of Health. Guidelines for the
  Conduct of Research in the Intramural Research
  Programs at NIK
• http//www.nih.gov/campus/irnews/guidelines.htm

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• Code Resources
• Institute of Medicine. The Responsible Conduct of
  Research in the Health Sciences
• http//www.nap.edu/books/0309062373/html/

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• American Chemical Society
• The Chemists Code of Conduct, 1994
• The public Chemists have a professional
  responsibility to serve the public interest
  and welfare and to further knowledge of
  science

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• American Chemical Society
• The Chemists Code of Conduct, 1994
• The Science of
• Chemistry Chemists should seek to advance
  chemical science, understand the limitations
  of their knowledge, and respect the truth.

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• American Chemical Society
• The Chemists Code of Conduct, 1994
• The Profession
• Chemists should remain current with developments
  in their field, share ideas and information, keep
  accurate and complete laboratory records,
  maintain integrity in all conduct and
  publications, and give due credit to the
  contributions of others. Conflicts of interest
  and scientific misconduct, such as fabrication,
  falsification, and plagiarism, are incompatible
  with this Code.

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• American Chemical Society
• The Chemists Code of Conduct, 1994
• The Employer Chemists should promote and
  protect the legitimate interests of their
  employers, perform work honestly and
  competently, fulfill obligations, and
  safeguard propriety information.

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• American Chemical Society
• The Chemists Code of Conduct, 1994
• Employees Chemists, as employers, should
  treat subordinates with respect for their
  professionalism and concern for their
  well-being.

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• American Chemical Society
• The Chemists Code of Conduct, 1994
• Students Chemists should regard the tutelage of
  students as a trust conferred by society for
  the promotion of the students learning and
  professional development.

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• American Chemical Society
• The Chemists Code of Conduct, 1994
• Associates Chemists should treat associates with
  respect, regardless of the level of their
  formal education, encourage them, learn with
  them, share ideas honestly, and give credit for
  their contributions.

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• Government Regulations
• The 1966 Animal Welfare Act (PL 89-544)
• The 1974 National Research Act (PL 93-348)
• The 1985 Health Research Extension Act (PL
  99-158)
• Office of Scientific Integrity Review (OSIR)
• Federal Administrative Procedure Act (5 USC
  551-702) (establishing new regulations)
  http//wwwgpoaccess.gov/fr/index.html
• Executive Branch Agencies NIH Training Grant
  Requirement 1989 Required Education in the
  Protection of Human Research Participants 1974
• Common Rule (45 CFR 46A-D)

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• Institutional Policies
• Required by law to have policies that cover
  various aspect of research programs if they
  accept Federal funds
• Committees of review
• Procedures for investigating and reporting
  misconduct
• Approve and mange all grant budgets
• Ensure that safety rules are followed
• Follow established practices for use of hazardous
  substances
• Provide training for researchers who use animal
  or human participants

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• Institutional Policies
• Website information
• Copies of institutional research policies written
• Links to state and Federal policies
• Required forms and instructions for completion
• Responsible conduct training programs
• Lists of key resource personnel

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• Institutional Policies
• Misconduct
• Establish definitions for misconduct in grant
  projects
• Outline procedures for reporting and
  investigating misconduct
• Provide protection for whistleblowers and persons
  accused of misconduct
• Federal Policy on Misconduct
• http//www.ostp.gov/html/001207_3.html

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• Personal Convictions
• Written convictions
• Peer review
• Subject-matter expert review
• Personal value expert review

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• Ethics should be a regular discussion on
  campuses, in departments, with peers, with
  experts, with a free flow of information
• ESPECIALLY IN PUIS IN WHICH RESEARCH IS AN
  EMERGING FIELD.

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• Introduction to the Responsible Conduct of
  Research
• By Nicholas H. Steneck
• Published by Office of Research Integrity, 2004
• askori_at_osophs.dhhs.gov