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Training

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Changes in computing technology. Illustration dynamic analysis ... Brick Elements Cutting Plane. Brick Elements Cutting Plane, Selected Element. Link Slab ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Training


1
Austroads Bridge Conference 2004Hobart May 2004
Bridge Deck Behaviour Revisited Doug
Jenkins Interactive Design Services
2
Overview
  • Changes in computing technology
  • Illustration dynamic analysis animation
  • Features of alternative analysis methods
  • Hamblys comments on FE analysis
  • Summary of findings in paper
  • Examples of advanced analysis techniques
  • Conclusions
  • Copy of presenation www.interactiveds.com.au

3
Changes in Computing Technology
  • 1976
  • Text based punched card input
  • 200 nodes grillage
  • Linear static analysis
  • Printed text output
  • 2004
  • Interactive graphical input
  • 100,000 nodes 3D brick elements
  • Non-linear and dynamic analysis
  • Interactive, animated graphical output

4
ftp//download.intel.com/research/silicon/moorespa
per.pdf
5
Speed of Computer Systems Prof. E.L.
Wilsonhttp//www.csiberkeley.com/support_technica
l_papers.html
6
(No Transcript)
7
Animation
8
Hambly comments
  • Powerful and versatile analytical ... with a
    sufficiently large computer,
  • Often requested by clients, or proposed to a
    client,
  • Cumbersome to use and is usually expensive.
  • Choice of element type can be extremely critical
  • Full time occupation which cannot be carried out
    ... by the senior engineer responsible for the
    design.
  • Unlikely to have time to understand or verify ...
    data.
  • Difficult to place his confidence in the results

9
Features of Analyses
10
Grillage 1a
11
Grillage 1b
12
Grillage 1c
13
Grillage 2
14
Grillage 2 - detail
15
Plate Slab with Downstand Beams
16
Brick Elements
17
Brick Elements - detail
18
(No Transcript)
19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
Beam and Plate Analysis Deflected Shape
22
Beam and Plate Analysis Long. Stress
23
Brick Elements Long. Stress
24
Brick Elements Cutting Plane
25
Brick Elements Cutting Plane, Selected Element
26
Link Slab
27
(No Transcript)
28
Animation
29
Dynamic Analysis
30
Animation
31
Summary of findings in paperAdvantages
  • Transverse distribution of live loads -
    significantly reduce maximum design stresses in
    longitudinal members.
  • Distribution of wheel loads - more accurate
    estimate top slab bending moments, without the
    need for introducing separate local analyses.
  • Analysis of secondary effects such as
    differential temperature and shrinkage
  • Ends of skew decks and link slabs modelled more
    exactly, including three dimensional effects.

32
Summary of findings in paperNo Longer a Problem
  • Finite element models may now be produced and
    analysed using standard computing equipment in a
    shorter time than a grillage analysis would have
    taken in the recent past.
  • The accuracy of complex models may be checked
    against grillage analysis, or individual elements
    may be checked against simple analysis methods.
  • Three dimensional contour plots of stresses or
    plots of the deformed shape of structures are
    easily produced, allowing engineers not directly
    involved in the analysis to review the results,
    and check the validity of the model.

33
Summary of findings in paperDisadvantages
  • More difficult to extract member actions,
    particularly for large elements such as bridge
    beams.
  • Design engineers must be trained in the use of
    complex software to use it efficiently.
  • Verification process may be more difficult,
    particularly if detailed analysis has resulted in
    lower design actions than a simpler analysis.

34
Review Hambly comments
  • Powerful and versatile analytical ... with a
    sufficiently large computer,
  • Often requested by clients, or proposed to a
    client,
  • Cumbersome to use and is usually expensive.
  • Choice of element type can be extremely critical
  • Full time occupation which cannot be carried out
    ... by the senior engineer responsible for the
    design.
  • Unlikely to have time to understand or verify ...
    data.
  • Difficult to place his confidence in the results

35
Recommendations
  • Standard analysis procedure- Plate slab model
    with longitudinal beam members
  • Use pre and post-processor software, specifically
    designed for bridge decks.
  • Use brick models to further refine the design, or
    to investigate the behaviour of non-standard
    features.
  • Consider the use of non-linear analysis and slab
    membrane action - potential for significant
    refinement of deck slab design.
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