Nursing InformaticsHard System

1
Nursing Informatics-Hard System

• Characteristics
• Properties known
• Behaviour can be predicted
• Precise, well defined and quantitative
• Most widely used

2
Nursing Informatics-Hard System

• Problem/Opportunity
• What has brought awareness to the problem or
  opportunity-Several people Several causes
• Commitment- Why are you doing this?

3
Nursing Informatics-Hard System

• System Description
• Once you have identified the problem/opportunity-
  the analysis begins
• Where are you now?
• As well as defining and agreeing the
  problem/opportunity in the preliminary stage- it
  is important to construct the system which you
  see as playing a part and its environment
• -Gaining an understanding of the worldviews
  (Weltanschaugen) of participants and
  organisations as well as your own view is crucial

4
Nursing Informatics-Hard System

• Identification of objectives and constraints
• Where would you like to be and what stops you?
• Make explicit the objectives and constraints
• Quantitative and qualitative objectives and
  constraints should be included where relevant

5
Nursing Informatics-Hard System

• Generation of routes to objectives
• How could you get there?
• Most imaginative and free-thinking stage of the
  approach
• How could the objectives be achieved?
• Options put forward in line with constraints
• Divergence to convergence

6
Nursing Informatics-Hard System

• Formulating measures of performance
• How will you know when you have arrived?
• Need to decide on measurable means of assessing
  the effectiveness of any potential solution,
  decision or design in achieving the objectives
• Should be made explicit

7
Nursing Informatics-Hard System

• Modelling
• How can you tell the outcome?
• Simplified construct of the world
• Possible to construct model-e.g NPV which can be
  used to test likely outcomes
• Cost-benefit analysis

8
Nursing Informatics-Hard System

• Evaluation
• What are the likely outcomes?
• Test the model- Does it produce the results
  expected
• What are the deficiencies

9
Nursing Informatics-Hard System

• Choice of route(s) to objectives
• Choose the best
• Qualitative objectives come into the picture
  again
• Lots of discussion before best strategy is
  chosen

10
Nursing Informatics-Hard System

• Implementation-
• Go ahead
• Actions needed to get your change accepted
• Culture-politics and feasibility are factors to
  considered