GS1 India

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Implementation of barcoding using GS1 System

• GS1 India

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Introduction to GS1 Numbering System
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GS1 India

• Affiliated to GS1 International, Belgium
  controlling 103 GS1 organizations worldwide
• GS1India is a not-for-profit organization under
  the Ministry of Commerce with its Board of
  members as follows
• FICCI
• CII
• ASSOCHAM
• FIEO
• SPICES BOARD
• BIS
• IMC
• IIP
• APEDA

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GS1dentification Numbers are . . .

• Unique every variant of an item is allocated a
  separate unique number
• Non-significant they identify an item but
  contain no information about it
• International GS1identification numbers are
  unique across all countries and all sectors
• Secure GS1 numbers are fixed length, numeric and
  include a standard check digit

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Why do I need GS1 standards for identification ?
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Problems faced with Proprietary Systems

• Closed
• Different formats
• Carrier provided
• Doesnt enhance supply chain management
• Evolved in the absence of standards

- Multiple carriers multiple systems
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GS1 Numbering - Benefits

• De-facto world standard
• Based on universal and open standards
• Tried tested and proven for 25 years
• Enables product track and trace across the supply
  chain
• Utility In Diverse Applications (inventory, sales
  mgmt etc).
• Easier integration of product flow with
  information flow in supply chain

8
GS1 standards National Priority

• National IT Task Force recommendation no. 82
• EC/ EDI Council of India, Govt. of India, has
  declared GS1 standards as National stds. for EDI
  and barcoding
• http//commin.nic.in/doc/ecedi.htmh1
• Registration subsidy for SSI and Tiny Sector
• Suppliers to Canteen Stores Deptt., Army purchase
  organization, TASMAC, JK Excise, Kerala state
  excise and other govt. deptts. required to
  source-mark products/ consignments through GS1
  barcodes
• Financial Assistance for registration provided by
  APEDA, MPEDA, Spices Board, MFPI
• In line with ISO 15394 recommendation

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What is barcoding?
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GS1 Data Carriers (Barcodes)
5412345678908

• GS1 identification numbers and other standard
  data are translated into barcode format and may
  be captured automatically by scanners. Scanners
  transmit data to computers for further processing.

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Barcodes

• Barcode is a series of parallel, adjacent bars
  and spaces used to encode the small strings of
  data
• Barcoding provides the means for automatic data
  capture of information.
• Barcoding when used with GS1 standards, it
  permits universal and unique identification of
  goods, services, assets etc.
• A bar code reader(Scanner) decodes the bar code
  using intensity of the light reflected
• Symbologies
• Linear Symbologies EAN 13, UPC 12, ITF 14, GS1
  128
• 2D Symbologies PDF417
• Composite Symbologies

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GS1 Data Carriers (Barcodes)
EAN-13
UPC-A
ITF-14
GS1-128
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Barcode Equipment
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Parts of a barcode system
Barcode Reader
Barcode Printer
Article/Doc with Barcode
Applications
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Barcode Implementation Retail Items
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Barcode Implementation Flowchart for Product
Types (SKUs)
Get registered with GS1 India and receive a
company prefix
Read the implementation guide book / CD provided
with registration
Using company prefix allocated by GS1 India
generate product codes for each product type
Forward the product codes to GS1 India for
approval and International hosting by inputting
them into GS1 Indias web site www.gs1india.org.in
Correct the Product code according to
recommendations of GS1 India
Have product codes been approved by GS1-India?
No
Yes
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Barcode Implementation Flowchart for Product
Types (SKUs)
Contd
Yes
Using the product codes , get your product
packaging artwork modified to incorporate GS1
barcodes (if source marking is possible) or else
incorporate barcodes in labels /tags. Send
product packaging sample with barcode to GS1
India for barcode verification report
Carry out modifications in artwork based on scan
report.
Does the GS1 barcode scan satisfactorily ?
No
Yes
Arrange for mass printing of product packaging or
labels /tags using GS1 barcodes
Inform all your supply chain partners about your
product codes to enable them link GS1 codes
product type with (SKU) and barcode scanning (
when ready)
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GS1 India Company Prefix Allotment Letter
Date 05/02/2002 MR. S.K.JOSHI MANAGER
PACKAGING DEVELOPEMENT M/S RANBAXY LABORATORIES
LTD. PLOT NO 20 , SECTOR 18 GURGAON -
122001 HARYANA   Dear Sir,   Welcome to the
GS1community of over 1 Million companies
worldwide using the GS1numbering system for
universal product identification. The GS1company
prefix, comprising the first seven digits
allocated to your company is as below   8 9 0 1
2 9 6   Using this 7 digit GS1 prefix, you can
now generate at your end, 13 digit GS1article
numbers for different products manufactured/distri
buted by your company as explained below   8 9
0 1 2 9 6 X X X X X C   8 9 0 1 2 9 6
(GS1company prefix - allocated by GS1
India)   XXXXX Internal product codes (numeric
only) to be generated by you. For eg. '00001'
Could be one of your product types (SKU's).
Another product type (SKU) could be '00005'.
Similarly GTIN (Global Trade Identification
Numbers) for each product type could be generated
at your end.   C Check digit number to be
calculated by using the check digit calculator
available in the enclosed CD. Example- Using
the above method, the GS1 article number for a
product type could be - 8 9 0 1 2 9 6 0 0 0 0 1
4 ( Here the last digit '4' is the check digit
)   It is mandatory to provide us a list of all
GS1product codes generated by you for each
product type. Kindly do so by inputing this
data through our GEPIR service, details of which
are enclosed.    
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Allocation of product codes for each item
Black "oriental" 3 21566 500005 1
Metallic "ambrée" 3 21566 500004 4
Yellow "canaille" 3 21566 500011 2
Blue "diablesse" 3 21566 500012 9
Pink "étreinte" 3 21566 500010 5
Green "jardin tropical" 3 21566 500009 9
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1 product 1 GTIN
HARPIC
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GTIN 1 product
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How are the numbers allocated ?
890 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
Company prefix Item no. CD

• COMPANY PREFIX (7/8/9 digit)
• this is allocated by GS1 India depending on the
  product manufactured/distributed
• Enables product identification worldwide in
  terms of
• (a) the country of GS1 membership (b) the
  company
• ITEM NUMBER (3/4/5 digit)
• GS1 member uses this to number each product and
  its variant.
• CHECK DIGIT (1 digit)
• Calculated using preceding digits
• Verified when scanned

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Product identification

• The GTIN identifies the lowest level

CLASSIFICATION
COLOR
TYPE
SIZE
IDENTIFICATION
000430
7
3
22377
6 mo
000431
4
3
22377
1 yr
PRODUCT ID
3
22377
000432
1
6 mo
22377
3
22377
000433
8
1 yr
3
22377
000434
5
6 mo
3
22377
000435
2
1 yr
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Significant numbering

• Strongly not advisable

Product ID
Product ID
1
2
Article Number
Color number
Fabric number
Accessories department
1 leather 2 vinyl 3 fabric
Leather-goods department
Fabric number
01 black 02 burgundy 03 blue 04 white
Color number
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Sequential allocation of numbers
4 x 100 3 69007 000014 6 5 x 125 3 69007 000015 3
6 x 175 3 69007 000016 0 7 x 175 3 69007 000017 7
Screwdriver plastic handle
6 - 7 3 69007 000018 4 8 - 9 3 69007 000019 1 10
- 11 3 69007 000020 7 14 - 15 3 69007 000021 4 16
- 17 3 69007 000022 1
Flat key stainless steel
Screwdriver wood handle
8 x 300 3 69007 000023 8
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Check digit calculator
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Check digit calculator on CD
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Barcode Verification
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Video on how to incorporate Barcodes correctly
Presentation on importance of verification of
Barcodes
Topics to be covered
Barcode Verification
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How is a barcode formed?
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Why are these simple black and white lines so
important to us?
The bars and spaces are technical requirements
which when scanned get translated into a number.
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TWO ISSUES.
Integrity Quality
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Verification
(A Definition)
Verification is a process to check how closely a
barcode symbol adheres to its specifications and
to highlight the ways in which it deviates from
the ideal.
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What Does it Mean?
What are the Impacts if NO?
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Consumer Units
PRINT CONTRAST Very Important
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Right Colors

• BLACK AND WHITE
• WORKS BEST

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Right Colors
YOU CAN SEE RED..
SCANNERS DO NOT !!!
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What Does it Mean?
MAGNIFICATION Can be slightly lower (no)- but at
the expense of ease of scanning
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Magnification??
Barcodes are based on a 100 magnification. The
EAN13 standard allows for 80-200 to the nominal
magnification. Basically, the bigger the better!
100
At 100, the size is 37.3mm by 26.3 mm
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Right size of barcode
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What Does it Mean?
HEIGHT OF BARS Can be slightly lower (no)- but
at the expense of ease of scanning
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Symbol Truncation
Nominal Symbol

• Symbols have a target height
• Within the GS1 Symbology, there is a fixed
  relationship between the width X-dimension and
  height to enable omni-directional scanning
• Truncation Limits POS scanning effectiveness
• scanners read GS1 symbols as two halves and then
  piece the halves together into a complete number
• shorter symbols decrease the opportunity to get a
  good scan
• Do not truncate (shorten height)
• truncate only when there is no room for the full
  symbol height

Truncated Symbol
50
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Height is cutting down the size - not the
magnification
Scanning Angle Range was
Now
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Reduction in height. This OK for hand scanners,
where you line up the barcode with a hand
gun. But with Supermarket fixed scanners, you
line up the product to the scanner.
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What Does it Mean?
LIGHT MARGINS Mandatory Part of technical
requirement
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The space before and after the barcode is PART
OF the barcode
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Light Margins
Left - Right

• UPC-A 9X - 9X
• UPC-E 9X - 7X
• EAN-13 11X - 7X
• EAN-8 7X - 7X
• ITF-14 10X - 10X
• GS1-128 10X - 10X

1
4
1
4
1
0
0
0
8
6
Light Margins
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What Does it Mean?
BAR WIDTHS There are very small tolerances, but
to be safe need to be YES
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BAR WIDTHS the bars and spaces are
technical requirements which when scanned get
translated into a number. Tolerance with 80
magnification 13.5. Tolerance with 100
magnification 30.
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What Does it Mean?
SYMBOL NUMBER Mandatory
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When the bars and spaces are scanned they must
translate to the number below
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What Does it Mean?
CHECK DIGIT CALCULATION Mandatory
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CHECK DIGIT Ensure the total number is legal
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What Does it Mean?
LOCATION OF THE CODE Impacts the ease of scanning
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Curved Surfaces

• If a bar code symbol is printed on a curved
  surface, it is preferable for the barcodes to be
  in ladder type orientation (Bars of a barcode are
  parallel to the natural base of the product
  numbers reading from top to bottom).

BACK
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Watch for - Hidden Barcodes, - Under flaps -
Other printed material on the barcode - Next to
seams or corners (on plastic packaged
products) Checkout operators need to find it.
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Who should verify?

• Anyone who is handling barcode symbols should use
  verification.
• The main classes can be-
• The printer who produces the symbol.
• The person on whose product or item the barcode
  is being applied
• The person receiving the barcoded item.
• Persons handling the goods at intermediate stages
  of the supply chain.

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Benefits!
Verification

• The biggest benefits are simply reassurance and
• confidence that the barcode symbol will perform
  
• as intended at all stages of the products
  passage
• down the supply chain.
• Symbol producer is assured of the production
• process of bar codes at his end.
• No scanning problems at the receiver,s end.
• - Leads to untroubled supplier customer
  relationships.

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Why not use a scanner?
No two barcode readers (scanners) are the
same.The optical arrangements available for
scanners vary widely. Scanners show quite
noticeable differences in their scanning
performance. Two different scanners might have
different degrees of success with the barcode
symbol. Scanners provide no indication of symbol
quality while verifiers measures and grades the
quality of barcode symbol and can provide
information to help diagnose the cause of
problems where these occur.
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Types of samples for verification.
Ideally samples should be in their final form
which allows more extensive testing in terms of
colour,contrast,location, etc. Tests on loose
labels or unfilled packages may not be reliable
since applying labels or filling packages can
sometimes affect the scanning performance due to
the shape, the effects of filling colour showing
through, package buldging, curvature of the
products, etc.
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Why get an official GS1 verification report.
Only GS1 official verification reports are
accepted by Delhi State Excise and some foreign
buyers. Australia and New Zealand in particular.
In all likely-hood a lot of other retail chain
stores in India are likely to adopt this as a
standard requirement. In addition to the ANSI/CEN
standards, the official GS1 verification test
assesses specifications like the correct type of
symbology, the correct size, bar height,
location, correctness of representation of human
readable numbers, etc
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In short
Verification assures everyone in the supply chain
that barcodes will perform as intended.
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How does GS1 India do it.

• We use verifiers from Axicon Sea ID Verifier
  PC 6000 series for EAN 13 / UPC A/ EAN - 8
  barcodes and Verifier PC 7000 for other barcodes
  like GS1 128/ITF 14 / SSCC and other
  barcodes.
• A demonstration now will show you the
  capabilities and usefulness of the equipment
  being used.

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Precautions/Recommendations
Right Size of barcode
Adequate Light Margins
Do not Truncate
Use the right colors
Good print quality
Correct Placement
Reflective Surfaces
Curved Surfaces
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Barcode Implementation Cartons / Logistic Units
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Flowchart for Barcoding on cartons for Inventory
and Distribution Management
Analyse your business process to decide on the
data to be barcoded in the supply chain
management and relevant changes to be made in the
application software
Generate the GTIN - 14 codes for packages

• Choose a symbology for barcoding your trade unit
  level items (cartons , boxes etc ). Suggested
  symbologies
• ITF 14
• GS1 -128

Decide on Printing technique. Options of printing
are a) If ITF 14 ,the suggested option is -
Pre print on cartons through one time change in
artwork of cartons b) If GS1 -128 the two
options are i) Inhouse printing of labels (
Requirement barcode printer and consumables )
ii) Outsource barcode labelling requirement to
a barcode printing company
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Flowchart for Barcoding on cartons for Inventory
and Distribution Management
Print a sample barcode or packaging material with
barcode it to GS1-India for barcode verification
report.
Carry out modifications based on scan report.
Does the GS1 barcode scan satisfactorily ?
No
Yes
Enable your software for the barcode symbology
you are using and get scanners installed. Start
scanning the barcodes at trade unit level for
Receipt, dispatch, warehouse and inventory
management of goods.
Inform all your trading partners in the supply
chain about the symbology In case of GS1-128
also about AIs used by you at trade level so
that they can also scan the barcodes in supply
chain management.
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Analyse the Process
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How do you normally package your goods?

• Uniform Groupings
• Same product in package (Not mixing blue and
  black)
• Package sizes used may be different

Box of 40 products
Box of 20 products

• Mixed Groupings
• Different groups in package (mixing blue and
  black)

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Let us give an identification to your package
using the UCC/EAN-14 Indicator
GTIN-14 structure
Packaging Indicator
GS1 Company Prefix
Item Id
Check digit

• Packaging Indicator
• Digits 1 to 8 Are assigned as required by the
  company that constructs the identification
  number. It can provide up to 8 separate GTIN-14
  numbers to identify items containing smaller
  items identified by the same GTIN.
• Digit 9 Indicates that the item identification
  number denotes a variable measure trade item.

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Uniform groupings
3 07319 010206 6 GTIN-13

• Lowest level
• Box of 20 products
• Box of 40 products

1 3 07319 010206 3 GTIN-14
2 3 07319 010206 0 GTIN-14
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Mixed grouping
Perfume Box of 48 cans
Black "oriental" 3 21566 500005 1
Metallic "ambrée" 3 21566 500004 4
Yellow "canaille" 3 21566 500011 2
Number of the mixed grouping 3 21566 901099 5
12 black "oriental" 8 blue "diablesse" 6 yellow
"canaille" 6 metallic "ambré" 6 pink
"étreinte" 10 green "jardin tropical"
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Blue "diablesse" 3 21566 500012 9
Pink "étreinte" 3 21566 500010 5
Green "jardin tropical" 3 21566 500009 9
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The barcodes for packaging ITF-14 GS1-128
ITF-14
GS1-128
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ITF-14

• ITF-14 is adapted to printing on poor quality
  packaging material (e.g. corrugated cardboard)
• A pair of digits is represented by 5 dark bars
  and 5 light bars
• Guard bars at beginning and end
• Designed to be read bi-directionally
• Symbol surrounded by a bearer bar

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Examples of trade items
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GS1-128
(01) 1 890100001001 7 (15) 970923 (10)
AF5893
GTIN-14
Date Batch no

• GS1-128 can encode a wide range of information
• Item identification
• Traceability numbers
• Dates
• Trade quantities and measures
• Alphanumeric, variable length
• High density
• Very Reliable
• Standardised by CEN and AIM International

• Logistical measures
• References and Location Nos.
• Specific and internal applications

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What is an Application Identifier?

• AIs are prefixes defining data field(s) that
  follow and indicating their format
• 2 or more characters prefix defining
• data which follows (definition)
• format of the data (picture)
• Data is
• numeric or alphanumeric
• fixed or variable in length
• Example AI 10 means batch number with a format
  of an..20

10 AS4562T95
Batch number
Application Identifier
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Application Identifiers

• Application Identifiers are a global data
  dictionary for bar codes
• Extensively defined and reliably interpreted
• Include the Keys to Data
• Provide the Platform for Future ADC Data Models

• 30 is the quantity of each in the GTIN
• 310 and 320 are for net weight
• 420 and 421 are for postal codes
• 8003 and 8004 are for tracking assets

• 00 is for the SSCC
• 01 is for the GTIN
• 10 is for batch or lot
• 11, 13, 15, and 17are date formats
• 21 is for serial numbers

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Example Draft DSED Carton Label

• (01) Product identification (includes company and
  product code) - Fixed Data - Numeric -14
  digits
• (10) Batch no. - Alphanumeric Variable - Max. 10
  digits
• (30) Quantity (No. of bottles) - Numeric Variable
  - Max. 8 digits.

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!!! Important !!!

• The GS1-128 bar code symbol has a variable length
  BUT
• not more than 48 data characters can be encoded
• the physical length can not exceed 165mm

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Advantages of UCC/EAN-128

• Security is provided by GS1-128 bar code
  symbology (FNC 1 Character)
• FNC 1 Function Code 1 indicates the Application
  Identifier format
• GS1-128 has a reserved data content - The GS1
  Application Identifiers
• Concatenation facility Possibility to combine
  several data fields into the same bar code

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Logistics Unit
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Logistics Unit

• The term Logistic Unit refers to shipping
  containers such as pallets. The GS1 system has
  numbering and labeling conventions known as
  Serial Shipping Container Code (SSCC) for use by
  transport,distribution and warehouse operators.
• Symbology GS1-128 including SSCC
• SSCC is a voluntary standard for the numbering
  and bar coding of logistic units.

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GS1 Logistics Label SSCC

• The SSCC is the only mandatory field of the
  label.
• Label uses GS1-128
• The SSCC individually identifies the logistic
  unit to which it is applied for the lifetime of
  that unit.
• Information contained
• Unit identification (SSCC)
• GTIN (Identification number of trade unit)
• Additional manufacturing information (dates,
  batch number,...)

• Consignment number, location number,...
• Order information

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Characteristics of SSCC

• Non-significant, fixed-length, 18 digits
• The extension digit is assigned by the user
  according to internal needs.

(00) 3 942100001 0000001 1
AI PI GS1 prefix Serial no. CD
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SSCC function

• Serial identification of logistics units
• Track and trace of individual logistics units
• Efficient shipment routing by carrier
• Accurate information for inventory systems
• Automation of receiving / distribution process

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Visit us at www.gs1india.org For queries
info_at_gs1india.org