The Old West: Native Americans

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The Old West Native Americans
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• Major Events
• Notable Tribes
• Founding Fathers
• Culture

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Major Events

• 1838-1839 Cherokee Trail of Tears
• 1876 Battle of Little Bighorn
• 1890 Wounded Knee Massacre

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Little Big Horn
Trail of Tears
Wounded Knee
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Cherokee Trail of Tears

• Tribes east of Mississippi River forced west
• Cherokees deported to Oklahoma
• 4,000 of 15,000 died

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Battle of Little Bighorn

• Sitting Bull vs. Custer
• Custers men outnumbered 4 to 1
• Greatest Indian victory of Plains wars

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Wounded Knee Massacre

• Army artillery opens up on Sioux camp
• 200 men, women, children killed or wounded

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Notable Tribes
Sioux
Navajo
Cherokee
Apache
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Apache

• Apache means enemy
• Arizona and New Mexico
• Hostile, took captives

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Cherokee

• Cherokee means real people
• One of Five Civilized Tribes
• Villages like white settlers

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Navajo

• Navajo means large field
• New Mexico, Arizona, Utah
• Hunters, gatherers, weavers

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Sioux (Lakota)

• Sioux means snake, Lakota is friend
• Minnesota, Nebraska, Dakotas
• Great warriors

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Founding Fathers
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Red Cloud Lakota Makhpiya-Luta

• Warrior and statesman
• Most successful warrior against U.S.
• When defeated, began political fight

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Sitting Bull Lakota Tantanka-Iyotanka

• Chief and holy man
• United tribes of northern plains
• Defeated Custer at Little Bighorn

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GeronimoApache Goyathlay

• Medicine man, leader, not a chief
• Leader last Native fighting force
• Eluded U.S. troops for a decade

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Chief JosephNez Perce Hin-Mah-Too-Yah-Lat-Kekt

• The Red Napolean
• 1400 mile march in military retreat
• Voice of conscience for the West

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Culture
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Homes
Teepees
Wickiups
Hogan
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Tools
Bow Arrow
Arrowhead
Tomahawk
Canoe
Spears
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Proverbs

• Each bird loves to hear himself sing.
• A good soldier is a poor scout.
• A hungry stomach makes a short prayer.

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Art
Dreamcatcher
Jewelry
Headdress
Pottery
Kachina
Weaving
Fetish
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Cherokee Prayer Blessing

• May the Warm Winds of Heaven
• Blow softly upon your house.
• May the Great Spirit
• Bless all who enter there.
• May your Moccasins
• Make happy tracks
• in many snows,
• and may the Rainbow
• Always touch your shoulder.

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The EndProduced ByRebecca Pullin