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Chapter 11 section 3

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Title: Chapter 11 section 3


1
Chapter 11 section 3
  • Progressivism Under Taft and Wilson

2
President William Howard Taft
  • Roosevelts chosen successor.
  • Continued Roosevelts Progressive program by
    pursuing antitrust cases.

3
President Taft continued
  • Progressives in congress unlike Taft, favored low
    tariffs.
  • Progressives first became furious with Taft over
    the protective Payne-Aldrich Tariff.
  • President Tafts Secretary of the Interior was
    Richard Ballinger, who angered conservationists
    by siding with business interests that sought
    unrestricted development of federal lands in the
    West.

4
Split in the Republican Party
  • When Gifford Pinchot accused Richard Ballinger of
    corruption, before Congress, Taft fired Pinchot.
  • The Progressive faction of the Republican Party
    protested Tafts handling of the
    Ballinger-Pinchot affair.
  • When the House passed a resolution allowing full
    membership, instead of the Speaker, to appoint
    the Rules Committee the Republican Party was
    split.

5
New Nationalism
  • Was Roosevelts name for his Progressive reform
    program, at the time of the midterm elections of
    1910.
  • Included Roosevelts call for business
    regulation, welfare laws, workplace protection
    for women children, income inheritance taxes,
    and voting reform.

6
Presidential Election of 1912
  • Theodore Roosevelt challenges his old friend
    President Taft for the Republican nomination in
    1912.
  • Even though Roosevelt was more popular, Taft won
    the Republican nomination because he controlled
    the National convention.
  • Roosevelts supporters broke from the Republican
    party and formed the Progressive Party.

7
Election of 1912 continued
  • When Roosevelt was giving a speech and he was
    shot but continued to speak for an hour and a
    half. Roosevelt said it takes more than that to
    kill a Bull Moose.
  • The Progressive party became nicknamed the Bull
    Moose Party.
  • The Bull Moose party supported womens suffrage
    on its platform.
  • Woodrow Wilson was the democratic candidate in
    1912.
  • Wilson called his policy The New Freedom which
    promised to enforce antitrust laws without
    threatening free economic competition.

8
Even More on the Election of 1912
  • Wilson wins the election of 1912.
  • A major reason that Wilson won the election of
    1912 was that Roosevelt split the Republican
    vote.
  • Wilsons reform platform during the 1912 campaign
    differed from Roosevelts in that he promised to
    preserve free economic competition.

9
Clayton Antitrust Act
  • Passed with Wilsons guidance in 1914 to
    strengthen the Sherman Antitrust Act.
  • Spelled out specific activities that big business
    could not do.
  • Prevented antitrust suits from being brought
    against unions and prohibited court injunctions
    against strikes.

10
Federal Reserve System
  • Was established by Woodrow Wilson to reorganize
    the federal banking system.
  • Was intended to prevent bank failures.
  • Wilson wanted it to promote competition in the
    industry and to ease the frequent panics that
    destabilized the U.S. economy.
  • System was supervised by the Federal Reserve
    Board appointed by the President.

11
Federal Reserve System Continued
  • Every national bank was required to become a
    member of the the Federal Reserve bank in its
    district.
  • Each bank was required to deposit some capital
    the Federal Reserve bank in its district.
  • Member banks could borrow from the Federal
    Reserve Bank to help meet short term demands this
    helps prevent bank failures.
  • The system also created a new national currency
    know as Federal Reserve notes.
  • The FED could now expand or contract the amount
    of currency in circulation. (control the money
    supply)

12
Progressivism was halted by
  • World War I

13
Womens Suffrage Movement
  • American women first officially demanded to right
    to vote in 1848 at the Seneca Falls Convention in
    New York.
  • Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were
    major players at this convention.
  • When Susan B. Anthony joined to joined the cause
    she and Stanton became the nations most
    celebrated champions of womens suffrage.

14
Suffragist Strategies
  • The National Woman Suffrage Association,
    including Stanton and Anthony fought for a
    Constitutional Amendment to for suffrage.
  • The American Woman Suffrage Association worked on
    the state level to win voting rights.
  • When Wyoming entered the union in 1890, it became
    the first state to grant women full suffrage.
  • In 1872 Susan B. Anthony led a group of women to
    the polls in Rochester, New York, insisting on
    voting. Anthony was arrested and convicted for
    the act of civil disobedience.

15
Suffrage at the turn of the century
  • In 1890, veteran leaders of the suffrage
    movement, including Susan B. Anthony and
    Elizabeth Cady Stanton, were joined by younger
    leaders in forming the National American Woman
    Suffrage Association.
  • After the deaths of Stanton and Anthony, the
    woman who eventually led NAWSA to victory was
    Carrie Chapman Catt

16
Split in the Suffrage Movement
  • Alice Paul transformed the NAWSA committee that
    was working on the passage of a congressional
    suffrage Amendment into a new organization the
    Congressional Union.
  • Pauls action resulted in a split in the suffrage
    movement.
  • Pauls CU called for an aggressive, militant
    campaign for the constitutional amendment.
  • She planned to bypass existing state suffrage
    organizations and set up new ones in each state.

17
  • The leadership of NAWSA opposed Pauls plan,
    believing it would alienate moderate supporters.
    In 1914 they expelled the Congressional Union
    from its organization.
  • When New York gave the right to vote to women,
    Presidential candidates now had to court the New
    York womens vote because of its large number of
    electoral votes.
  • Womens activities in WWI resulted in more
    Americans supporting their right to suffrage.
  • The battle for womens suffrage ended with the
    ratification of the 19th Amendment in 1920.
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