ANIMAL SCIENCE II

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ANIMAL SCIENCE II Components of
medical terminology Starts on
p. 123
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CLASSWORK--Becoming Familiar With Terms

• Use Webster.com to define the following terms
  related to veterinary medicine. Write them down.
  (25 minutes)

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Prefix word part of the beginning of the word
indicating number, location, time or status. 1.
a-, an- ? without, lack of (anemia without
blood) 2. anti - ? against, opposing (antiseptic
against infection)
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3. bi - ? two, double, twice (bilateral two
sides) 4. dys - ? painful, difficult, abnormal
(dysentery abnormal infection of the colon) 5.
pre - ? before (preoperative before operation)
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Root words word part that gives the fundamental
meaning of the word 1. carp - ? wrist (carpal
pertaining to the wrist) 2. cardi - ? heart
(cardiology study of the heart)
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3. dors - ? back (dorsal relating to the
back) 4. dent - , odont - ? teeth (dentist
person who works with teeth)
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5. gastr - ? stomach (gastrostomy surgical
opening of the stomach) 6. gingiv - ? gums
(gingivitis inflammation of the gums) 7. phleb
-, ven - ? vein (phlebotomist person who
obtains blood from veins)
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Suffixes word part of the end of the word
indicating procedure, condition, disease, or
disorder. 1. - algia ? pain (arthralgia painful
joints) 2. - centesis ? surgical puncture to
remove fluid (cystocentesis removing fluid from
the bladder)
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3. - it is ? inflammation (bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchial tubes) 4. - rrhea ?
flow or discharge (diarrhea watery flow or
discharge)
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Positional Terminology a. Ventral underside of
the body. b. Cranial head. c. Anterior front
of the body. d. Dorsal back.
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e. Caudal tail. f. Dorsal (frontal) plane
plane that divides the body into dorsal (back and
ventral (belly) parts.
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g. Transverse (horizontal or cross-sectional)
plane plane that divides the body into cranial
and caudal parts.
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Get into Groups

• Group members will use each term and Write one
  application sentence each to help boost
  understanding of the medical terms.

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General Terminology Animal Care Airborne
transmission- occurs when infectious
microorganisms distribute into the air from the
residue of evaporated droplets and are inhaled or
deposited in an open wound.
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Anesthetic procedures- are any procedures that
require anesthesia in order to completed
efficiently, effectively, and painlessly.
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Antisepsis- is the process of applying a
preparation to the surface of living tissue to
prevent infections and inhibit growth of
microorganisms.
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Biopsy - removal of a tissue sample for
microscopic diagnosis and examination.
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Catheterization- is the insertion of a sterile
plastic tube into the urethra to remove urine.
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Chemical restraint- is the use of drugs such as
tranquilizers and anesthetic agents to produce a
calmer, more approachable patient. Clutch- is a
group of eggs belonging to either reptiles or
birds
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Colony- is a group of mice, gerbils or
rats. Colostrum- is the first milk that comes
from the mother Contact transmission- is method
of disease transmission that include direct
contact, indirect contact and droplet contact.
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Cross contamination- is the passing of infectious
organisms from one animal to another.
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Dehydration- is a lack of fluid or water in the
body tissue from not drinking or disease
processes that cause the body to loose water
excessively such as fever, vomiting or diarrhea.
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Direct contact- is the method of disease
transmission that occurs from contacting or
touching an infected.
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Endogenous- the source of microorganisms
necessary to cause infection originates from
within the body of an animal.
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Exogenous- means the source of microorganism
necessary to cause infection is
environmental. Incubation- period of time between
the animal contact with an infection and the
appearance of disease symptoms.
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Indirect contact- is when transmission occurs
from contact with items contaminated with a
patients organisms, such as contaminated needles,
instruments, equipment, and surfaces.
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Infectious disease- are diseases capable of being
spread from one animal to another. Infectious
waste- is waste that contains highly infectious
pathogens in sufficient quantity to cause an
infectious disease in a human who is exposes
to the waste.
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Infestation- presence of many external parasites
on an individual animal.
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Isolation- means to separately house animals with
certain infectious diseases from healthy
animals. Omnivore- are animals that eat both
plants and other animals.
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Pathogens- are any microorganisms that
can cause disease. Physical restraint - involves
a handlers body and a device to exert direct or
indirect control over certain body parts of an
animal.
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Pocket pets -is a term used to describe small
pets once only thought of as laboratory animals.
Such as gerbils , hamsters, guinea pigs, mice and
rats.
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Preventative health care programs -are programs
designed by the veterinarian to help prevent
disease and health problems in individual animals
or herds of animals.
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Quarantine- is the isolation of an animal or
animals suspected to have been exposed to an
infectious disease for the infection duration
incubation period.
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Scruff- is the back of an animals neck AKA Nape
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Sharps- are hypodermic needles, scalpel blades
and broken glass. Skin scrapings- are specimens
collected by scraping the skin surface with a
scalpel blade.
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Spaying- is the removal of female reproductive
organs
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Specimen- is a sample of any material including
fecal, urine, blood, etc., which can be used to
diagnose disease or parasitism Surface
disinfectants- are applied to inanimate objects
such as counter, cages, exam tables, bathtubs, or
other equipment that cannot be sterilized to
reduce the number of microorganisms
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Sterilizing-is the process of
destroying all forms of life.
Sterilization begins with cleaning and is
accomplished with heat and chemicals. Vectors- a
carrier that transfers infective agents from one
host to another.
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Vaccination Schedule
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Possible Vaccination Schedule for puppies and dogs
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Possible Vaccination Schedule for Kittens and Cats
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Hierarchy of Classification
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p. 126
Moving from bottom to top more characteristics
in common.
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• Usually, a species is called by its genus name
  (capitalized) followed by its species name (lower
  case), so a human being is called Homo sapiens.
  In Latin that means "wise man."

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• To date there are five kingdoms
• Animalia, which is made up of animals
• Plantae, which is made up of plants
• Protista, which is made up of protists
  (single-celled creatures invisible to the human
  eye)
• Fungi, which is made up of mushrooms, mold,
  yeast, lichen, etc
• Monera, which is made up of the three types of
  bacteria.

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• The next category is the Phylum. There are
  several phyla within each kingdom.
• The phyla start to break the animals (or plants,
  fungi, etc) into smaller and more recognizable
  groups.
• The best known phylum is Chordata, which contains
  all animals with backbones (fish, birds, mammals,
  reptiles, amphibians).
• There is also Arthropoda (insects, spiders,
  crustaceans) Mollusca (snails, squid, clam)
  Annelida (segmented worms) Echinodermata
  (starfish, sea urchins) and many, many more.

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• The next category that makes up the phyla is the
  Class. The class breaks up animals into even more
  familiar groups.
• For example, the phylum Chordata is broken down
  into several classes, including Aves (birds),
  Reptilia (reptiles), Amphibia (amphibians),
  Mammalia (mammals) and several others.

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• The next category is the Order.
• Each class is made up of one or more orders.
• Mammalia can be broken down into Rodentia (mice,
  rats)
• Primates (Old- and New-World monkeys)
• Chiroptera (bats)
• Insectivora (shrews, moles)
• Carnivora (dogs, cats, weasels)
• Perissodactyla (horses, zebras)
• Artiodactyla (cows)
• Proboscidea (elephants) and many more.

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• Orders can then be broken down into Families.
• Example
• The order Carnivora can be broken down into
• Canidae (dogs)
• Felidae (cats)
• Ursidae (bears)
• Hyaenidae (hyaenas, aardwolves)
• Mustelidae (weasels, wolverines)

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• The next category is the Genus.
• The family Felidae, for example, can be broken
  down into
• Acinonyx (cheetah)
• Panthera (lion, tiger)
• Neofelis (clouded leopard)
• Felis (domestic cats).

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• Finally, the genus is broken down into the
  Species.
• The genus Panthera can be broken down to include
• Panthera leo (lion) and Panthera tigris (tiger).
  
• Note that the genus is placed in front of the
  species.

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Scientists

• Scientists who study living things are called
  biologists. Biologists classify living things
  into two kingdoms, the Plant Kingdom and the
  Animal Kingdom. The study of plants is called
  botany. Scientists who study plants are called
  botanists. The study of animals is called
  zoology. Scientists who study zoology are called
  zoologists. Zoologists study thousands of
  different kinds of animals.

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Assignment

• Get into groups of 2-3
• 36 General Terms on pg. 124 125.
• Use properly in an application sentence to help
  boost understanding of the terms.
• Turn in for credit