Sociology In Our Times

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Sociology In Our Times
Diana Kendall
Chapter 5 Social Structure and Interaction in
Everyday Life
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DEFINITION SOCIAL STRUCTURE
THE STABLE PATTERS OF SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS THAT
EXIST WITHIN A PARTICULAR GROUP OR SOCIETY
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SOCIAL STRUCTURE FRAMEWORK
SOCIETY
Statuses and Roles
Social Institutions
Traditional
Emergent
Ascribed Status
Achieved Status
Social Groups
Secondary Groups
Primary Groups
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CHARACTERISTIC OF SOCIAL STRUCTURES
SOCIAL STRUCTURES

• PLACE US IN SOCIETY

• CREATE ORDER AND PREDICTABILITY IN A SOCIETY,
  AND GIVES US THE ABILITY TO INTERPRET THE SOCIAL
  SITUATIONS.

• ORGANIZE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF
• SOCIAL, NATURAL AND PHYSICAL EVENTS

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• ARE CREATED BY US BUT ACT ON US

• THEY ENDURE OVER TIME AND CHANGE
• SLOWLY

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COMPONENTS OF SOCIAL STRUCTURES

• TYPES OF STRUCTURES

• GROUPS AND ORGANIZATIONS

• STATUSES AND ROLES

• INSTITUTIONS

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PHYSICAL STRUCTURES
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WORK
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CIVIL PROTEST
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CHANGING FAMILY STRUCTURES
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ROLE
OF
WOMEN
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IMMIGRATION
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IDEAS AND INDIVIDUALS
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CHANGES IN SOCIAL STRUCTURES

• DURKHEIM WHAT HOLDS SOCIETY TOGETHER?
• MECHANICAL SOLIDARITY BASED ON SIMILARITIES AS
  TRADITIONS, COMMUNITY RULES, SAME VALUES
• ORGANIC SOLIDARITY BASED ON DIFFERENCES,
  DIVISION OF LABOR

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TONNIES THEORY OF SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

• GEMEINSCHAFT COMMUNITY, TRADITION, KINSHIP.
• ASCRIBED STATUS DETERMINES PLACE IN SOCIETY
• GESELLSHAFT ASSOCIATION, INDUSTRIALIZED
  SOCIETY, IMPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS, BASED ON
  ACHIEVED STATUS

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Groups
Primary Groups
Key Concepts for Under-standing Groups
Secondary Groups
Social Network
Formal Organization
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Social Institutions
Replacing Members
Teaching New Members
Essential Functions of Social Institutions
Producing, Distributing and Consuming
Goods/Services
Preserving Order
Providing and Maintaining a Sense of Purpose
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SOCIAL STATUS

• THE SOCIALLY DEFINED POSITION IN SOCIETY
• EXAMPLE MOTHER, STUDENT, OCCUPATION

• ASCRIBED STATUS DOES NOT CHANGE
• ACHIEVED STATUS CAN CHANGE

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MASTER STATUS

• DETERMINES PERSONS SOCIAL POSITION
• EXAMPLES BEING RICH, POOR,
• OCCUPATION,
• MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENT,
• PHYSICAL CONDITION

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STATUS RECOGNITION

• SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS
• PRESTIGE, HONOR
• LIFESTYLE
• STATUS SYMBOLS
• MATERIAL SIGNS
• BELIEFS
• ACHIEVEMENTS

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Roles
Role Expectation
Role Ambiguity
Key Concepts for Understanding Roles
Role Conflict
Role Strain
Role Distancing
Role Exit
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SOCIAL ROLE

• A SET OF BEHAVIORAL EXPECTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH
  A GIVEN STATUS
• ROLE EXPECTATION SOCIETYS DEFINITION OF A ROLE
• ROLE PERFORMANCE HOW A PERSON ACTUALLY PLAYS THE
  ROLE

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• ROLE CONFLICT
• ROLE DEMANDS FROM TWO OR MORE
• STATUS POSITIONS

• ROLE STRAIN
• INCOMPATIBLE DEMANDS EXISTING
• IN A SINGLE STATUS POSITION

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SYMBOLIC INTERACTION THEORY

• SOCIAL INTERACTION CREATES MEANING
• CIVIL INATTENTION
• SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY
• DEFINITION OF THE SITUATION

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Dramaturgical Analysis
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DRAMATURGICAL ANALYSIS

• EVERYDAY LIFE SEEN AS THEATRICAL PRESENTATION
• IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT (PRESENTATION OF SELF)
• STAGE PROPS
• FACE SAVING BEHAVIOR, STUDIED NON-OBSERVANCE

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NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION

• COMMUNICATING WITHOUT USE OF SPEECH
• COMMUNICATES PERSONS EMOTIONS

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Distance Zones
Closer
Farther
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SOCIAL STRUCTURE

• DEFINITION
• STABLE PATTERNS OF SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS
• STATUS POSITIONS
• SOCIAL ROLES
• DETERMINED BY CULTURE