Primates

1
Primates

• HW
• STUDY
• NR 5 due next class

2
Overview

• Primates are an order of Mammals.
• Includes lemurs, monkeys, apes, humans
• Mostly live in tropical and subtropical regions
  in Africa, Asia, and the Americas

3
Groups

• Prosimians (before simians)
• Phenotypically more like ancient simians
• Lemurs
• Tarsiers
• Simians
• Phenotypically more like modern simians
• Old World Monkeys
• New World Monkeys
• Apes

4
New World Monkeys

• Defining characteristics
• Found in Central and South America
• Small to medium size
• Flat nose
• Side facing nostrils
• Most have prehensile tails
• All are arboreal (live in trees)
• Monogamous

5
Old World Monkeys

• Characteristics
• Found in Asia and Africa
• Medium to large size
• Arboreal and terrestrial
• No prehensile tails
• Downward facing nostrils
• Narrow nose
• Not monogamous

6
Apes

• Part of the group of Old World Monkeys
• Apes are considered Homonoids
• Homonoid is a term used to describe animals that
  appear closely linked to humans.

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Apes Continued

• Characteristics
• Larger than monkeys
• No tail
• Often able to walk on 2 legs
• Rely on vision more than smell
• Large brain size to body ratio
• 2 major groups
• Lesser Apes
• Great Apes

8
Great Apes

• Includes orangutans, chimpanzees, orangutans,
  gorillas, humans and bonobos
• Can use tools
• Complex social structures

9
Lesser Apes

• Also known as Gibbons
• Smaller, more similar to monkeys

10
Human History

• Divergence from chimpanzee- 5 million years ago
• Australopithecus- extinct hominid 3.7 million
  years ago
• Homo habilis extinct 1.5 million years ago
• Used stone/bone tools (chimpanzees using tools or
  this)
• Homo erectus extinct 70,000 years ago
• Stood and walked upright (bonobos walking
  upright)
• Homo neanderthalensis extinct 30,000 years ago
• Diverged from Homo sapien 500,000 years ago
• Homo sapiens idaltu extinct 160,000 years ago.
• Had a larger brain cavity than most current
  humans
• Homo sapiens sapiens first appeared 250,000
  years ago

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What makes Humans different?

• 4 major capabilities
• Abstract thinking
• Planning
• Innovation
• Symbolic behavior

12
Legends Myths

• Almases
• Bigfoot
• http//www.history.com/video.do?namemonsterquest
  bcpid1541043106bclid1586429599bctid1581563486
  

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Resources

• http//www.sheppardsoftware.com/content/animals/an
  imals/mammals/apevsmonkey.htm