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CGS 1100 Introduction to Computer Applications

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Hertz: Unit of Frequency. Kilo-Hertz: 1000 Cycles. Mega-Hertz: 1 million Cycles. Giga-Hertz: 1 Billion Cycles. Components of a. Computer System. Computer ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: CGS 1100 Introduction to Computer Applications


1
CGS 1100Introduction to Computer Applications
  • Computer Concepts

2
Computer System Component
  • Computer A programmable electronic device that
    can store, retrieve, and process data.
  • The word Computer emerged during WWII, people
    who operated desk calculators were called
    Computers.

3
History of the Modern Computer
  • Human Could add a two 10 digit number in 10
    seconds, with
  • Calculator, in 4 Seconds.
  • Mark 1 Also called Harvard Mark 1 Could add
    two 10-
  • digit numbers in about 0.3 seconds. 30 times
    faster than
  • Pencil and paper.
  • ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and
    Computer. The
  • world's first electronic digital computer was
    developed by
  • Army Ordnance to compute World War II ballistic
    firing
  • Tables. Could add the same in 0.0002 seconds,
    50,000 times
  • faster than a human, and 1,500 times faster than
    the Mark 1.

4
General Vocabularyand Units
  • Bit "Binary digIT" Computers happen to operate
    using the base-2 number system, also known as the
    binary number system ( 0, 1)
  • Byte 8-bit collections (single, double
    precision)
  • Digital Send Receive 0s and 1s
  • Analog AM - FM
  • Hertz Unit of Frequency
  • Kilo-Hertz 1000 Cycles
  • Mega-Hertz 1 million Cycles
  • Giga-Hertz 1 Billion Cycles

5
Components of a Computer System
  • Computer
  • Hardware Software
  • Motherboard Operating System
  • Floppy Office 2003
  • Hard Drive Internet Explorer

6
Components of a Computer System
Information Processing Cycle
7
Components of a Computer System
Input
Process
Output
Storage
8
Types of Computer
9
Types of Computer
10
Hardware Devices
Input Device

Storage Device
Printer Output Device Peripheral
System Unit
Monitor Output Device Peripheral
Input Device
11
Memory
12
Memory
Random Access Memory
Read Only Memory
SRAM Static RAM
EPROM Erasable Programmable ROM
DRAM Dynamic RAM
PROM Programmable ROM
Memory Size in MB
256 MB 512 MB 1024 MB
1 MB 2 MB 4 MB 8 MB 16 MB 32 MB 64 MB 128 MB
Extra Points What mathematical equation
describes the pattern?
13
Monitors
  • Output device,
  • Soft-Copy Output
  • Resolution is given by the amount of Pixels
  • Two categories CRT (Cathode Ray Tubes) and LCD
    (Liquid Crystal Display)

14
Printers
  • Output Devices
  • Hard Copy Output
  • Resolution is given in dsi. Dots per Inch.
  • Two Categories Laser (BW, Color) uses Toner.
    Inkjet (Color) uses ink cartridges.

15
Types of Software and Their Uses
  • Operating System Software (OS) Tell the
  • computer how to work and what to do.
  • Windows, Linux and Macintosh.
  • Driver Software that tells a hardware
  • component how to work.
  • Application Software Accomplish a task
  • Using a computer. Word, Excel, PowerPoint

16
Networks and Configuration
  • Computer Network Two or more computer connected
    in some way in order to share their resources.
  • Bus Network,
  • Star Network,
  • Ring Network.

17
Network Vocabulary
  • Server/Host
  • Client/Workstation
  • Topology

18
Star Network
  • A star network is a local area network (LAN) in
    which all nodes (workstations or other devices)
    are directly connected to a common central
    computer. Every workstation is indirectly
    connected to every other through the central
    computer. In some star networks, the central
    computer can also operate as a workstation.

19
Bus Network
  • A bus network is an arrangement in a local area
    network (LAN) in which each node (workstation or
    other device) is connected to a main cable or
    link called the bus.

20
Ring Network
  • A ring network is a local area network (LAN) in
    which the nodes (workstations or other devices)
    are connected in a closed loop configuration.
    Adjacent pairs of nodes are directly connected.
    Other pairs of nodes are indirectly connected,
    the data passing through one or more intermediate
    nodes.

21
Local Area Network
  • A local area network (LAN) is a group of
    computers and associated devices that share a
    common communications line or wireless link and
    typically share the resources of a single
    processor or server within a small geographic
    area (for example, within an office building).
    Usually, the server has applications and data
    storage that are shared in common by multiple
    computer users. A local area network may serve as
    few as two or three users (for example, in a home
    network) or as many as thousands of users

22
Wide Area Network
  • A wide area network or WAN is a computer network
    covering a wide geographical area, involving a
    vast array of computers. WANs are used to connect
    local area networks (LANs) together, so that
    users and computers in one location can
    communicate with users and computers in other
    locations.

23
Test 1
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