Biometrics

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Biometrics
Kyle O'Meara April 14, 2008
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Contents

• Introduction
• Specific Types of Biometrics
• Examples
• Personal Experience
• Questions

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Introduction

• Greek meaning life and measure
• technical solution to authentication
• Certain techniques predate computers
• Modernized in the 1960's, 1980's systems went live

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Introduction Continued

• Two types of biometrics
• physiological
• behavioral
• Types are used for
• identification
• verification

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Specific Types

• Fingerprint
• Face Recognition
• Iris Verification
• Voice Recognition
• Handwriting

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Fingerprint

• Largest market of biometrics
• One of the types that predates computers
• Looks are the friction ridges on finger tips
• 1870's - classifications of loops, whorls, arches
  and tents
• Matching points
• Main original use in law and job applicants
• Other ex. authentication
• Optical sensors vs. Swipe

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Face Recognition

• Oldest identification mechanisms
• Photo IDs are always needed
• Examining the picture
• Important second form of ID
• Though more importance switches to authenticity
  of the ID card
• System are used, but many negatives
• Camera position, Neutral expression, Deception
• Positive can do done without user knowledge, but
  privacy concerns

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Iris Verification

• Iris is measurably unique
• easy to detect, doesn't wear out, protected
• Randomness number of degrees of freedom
• Phenotypic
• Simpler processing technique than fingerprints
• Advantages Technically greater certainty of
  verification of a person, non-invasive
• Negative views More user cooperation, attempt at
  fraud

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Voice Recognition

• Many subproblems environment, text dependent
  system, identify from large set or verify
  speakers, real time
• Simple technical integration
• Fraud potential

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Handwriting/Signature

• Another mechanism to predate computer technology
• Examining writing vs. using a signature tablet
• Reliability? Lies in the system/verifier

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Performance Factors

• Performance
• False Acceptance Rates
• False Reject Rates
• User Factors
• Enrolling people
• Aging
• Acceptance
• Education
• Privacy

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Human ID

• Lead by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
  (DARPA)?
• Automated biometric identification technologies
  to detect, recognize and identify humans at great
  distances
• protection of homeland security
• Face recognition, Gait classification, Iris
  Recognition
• Expected range 500 ft.

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LG LP3800 Cell Phone

• First mobile phone with fingerprint reader
• LG phone to be securely locked, yet easily
  unlocked by the proper person
• Avoids problems

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FBI Database

• Initiatives to group database of biometrics
  beyond digital images of faces, fingerprints and
  palm patterns
• Already going on
• DOD has data on detainees, citizens and
  foreigners
• Pentagon keeps DNA samples
• 100,000 requests come in daily
• 55 related to civilian background checks
• Matching standards of other countries
• Biggest concern Privacy

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Personal Experience

• Fingerprinting
• Signature Facial Recognition
• credit cards/debit cards

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Questions??