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Psychoanalytic Criticism

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(May 6, 1856 September 23, 1939), was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist ... Freud's Dream Interpretation. Never believed in a 'dreamer's dictionary' ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Psychoanalytic Criticism


1
Psychoanalytic Criticism
2
The Unconscious
  • We are not aware of everything in our minds.

3
Sigmund Freud
  • Thought of as the father of psychoanalysis.

(May 6, 1856 September 23, 1939), was an
Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist who founded
the psychoanalytic school of psychology.
4
Sexuality
  • Libido the force by which sexual instinct is
    represented in the mind.

Four stages of sexual development
  • Oral
  • Anal
  • Phallic
  • Genital

5
Oedipus Complex
  • Every person passes through a stage in which he
    or she desires a parent of the opposite sex.
  • Overcoming the complex
  • Boys fear castration and retaliation from the
    father and renounce the mother.
  • Girls experience penis envy and lose interest in
    the father altogether.

6
Myth Fairytales
  • Allow us to express unconscious thoughts that
    would disturb us.
  • Serves important function to our psyches and
    helps cope with psychological difficulties we
    experience.
  • Some modern texts are
  • fairytales in disguise.

7
Id, Ego, Superego
  • Id The drive and desires
  • Superego Moral functions
  • Ego Mediator between the id and superego

These can be applied to characters in texts.
8
Defense Mechanisms
  • The ego uses defense mechanisms to ward off
    anxieties. (list on pp. 89-90 in text)
  • How can we apply these to an analysis of a text?
  • Pac-Man vs. Space Invaders.

9
Symbols
  • Type of defense mechanism censorship by masking
    hidden desires.
  • The hidden significance of what people and
    characters do.
  • Symbols are messages from our unconscious.

- The keys to unlock the doors shielding our
unconscious feelings and beliefs from scrutiny.
10
The Three Types
  • Conventional Words we learn that stand for
    things.
  • Accidental Personal, private, and connected to
    individual history.
  • Universal Rooted in the experiences of all
    people.

11
Dreams
  • Wish fulfillment.
  • Dreams are littered with symbols.
  • Symbols are represented in two different ways.
  • Condensation One image represents several ideas
    or images.
  • Displacement Replacement of issues by
    something else or nothing at all.

12
Dreams continued
  • They are a visual medium in comparison with our
    texts.
  • Must relate what we discover in mediated works to
    personal history of dreamers (the text creators).

13
Freud's Dream Interpretation
  • Never believed in a dreamers dictionary.
  • He did find certain items that were represented
    the same way by different people .
  • Houses The human Form
  • Royalty Parents
  • Tiny Animals Siblings
  • Journeys Dying
  • Umbrellas, Sticks, Knives, Guns, Swords,
    Airplanes, Cars, Snakes, etc. Phalluses
  • Pits, Caves, Jars, Bottles, Pockets, Rooms,
    Doors, Round Fruits, Shrubs and Bushes, etc.
    Female Sex Organs
  • Dancing, Riding, Climbing, Violent Acts Sex
  • http//www-usr.rider.edu/suler/dreamman.html

14
Carl Jung
  • Student and contemporary of Freud.
  • Broke away due to different views on unconscious
    symbolism

15
Archetype
  • Universal theme found in myths, dreams, religions
    art.
  • Unconscious, coming to us via visual stimuli
    emotional experiences.

16
Collective Unconscious
  • Source of Archetypes
  • Inherent in all humans, regardless of time,
    gender or location.
  • Explains universal myths
  • Cannot be proven to exist!

17
Heroes
  • Example of Archetype
  • Can be seen in Greek/Roman mythology, Hollywood
    films, Middle age fairy tales and countless
    others.
  • Name some heroes!

18
The Shadow Element
  • Similar to Freuds Id.
  • Dark side of the Human psyche.
  • Hidden, repressed aspects of a persons
    personality
  • Source of Creativity (as is Freuds Id.

19
Anima Animus
  • Anima Female element of Males
  • Commonly leads to viewing pornographic material.
  • Also allows men to find suitable mate, ability
    to explore their emotional side.
  • Animus Male element of Females
  • Formed by influence of father.
  • Can lead to both positive negative behavior
    Coldness, hypercritical, inner strength, ambition

20
Jung Dreams
  • Elements of dreams are representations of self
    (Shadow, Anima, Anumus)
  • Avoid assigning meaning to symbols universally.
  • What does a monkey smoking mean to you?
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