TREATMENT AND REUSE OF WASTEWATER

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TREATMENT AND REUSE OF WASTEWATER

• GROUP THREE
• WASAMED WORKSHOP
• CAIRO 9TH DEC 2004

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INTRODUCTION

• Scarcity of water resources and needs for
  protecting the environment and the natural
  resources are the main factors leading the
  Mediterranean countries to introduce TWW as
  additional water resources in the national plan
  of water resource management.

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Institutional, legal and political aspects

• Several stakeholders are involved, so role and
  responsibilities need to be clearly defined.
• Establish an active coordination between
  different institution by creating national and
  regional boards.
• Participatory approach is needed at different
  phases in order to raise awareness between the
  end-users and the public.
• Encourage the establishment of farmer association
  to be involved in the management of treated waste
  water.
• At the national level, a well defined strategy
  and policy for comprehensive management and reuse
  is a pre-condition for success.
• Policy should include public awareness, capacity
  building, and training programmes.

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ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL, AND SOCIAL ASPECTS

• The cost of treatment will vary depending on the
  treatment level
• The cost of reuse should be compared to inaction,
  witch has environmental as well as sanitary
  repercussion, and which increase the cost of
  treating drinking water.
• Cost should include storage, pumping, convoying,
  of treated WW to end-users
• Cost of TWW sould be clirifid in the national
  strategy

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ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL, AND SOCIAL ASPECTS

• Cost recovery should be included in any treated
  ww project,
• Cost of sanitation, and treatment should be
  introduced in the fee of the polluters,
• Operational, and maintenance should be included
  in the price of the treated ww end-users

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ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL, AND SOCIAL ASPECTS

• Awareness programs should include polluters and
  end-users
• Despite the psychological reserves, scarcity and
  value of water drive economic people to resort to
  TWW,
• Encourage gender participation

ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL, AND SOCIAL ASPECTS
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TECHNICAL, HEALTH, ENVIRONMENTAL Aspects

• Integrated approach in the trilogy sanitation
  treatment and reuse should be applied at the
  national strategy
• Develop low cost treatment techniques
• Design treatment techniques according to
  anticipated uses
• Adequate irrigation system
• Regional guidelines
• enhance the value of sluges