Mankind's Utilisation of Water Resources

1
Mankind's Utilisation of Water Resources

• By
• Will, Rhian, Alison and Sophie

2
Agricultural Use

• Irrigation of crops
• using rain guns
• using irrigation channels
• Location
• permanent use in hot/arid countries
• within the UK used as required
• Examples
• cotton growth in Eastern countries
• potato crops during UK drought period i.e.
  summer 1996

3
Food and Drink

• Fresh water fishing - Salmon/Trout
• Water Cress production
• Drinking water - from reservoirs
• Essential in the production of alcohol

4
Leisure

• Rapid upsurge and diversification of water based
  sports including swimming, angling, associated
  sports such as boating, as well as camping,
  walking and birdwatching.
• 2 main water bodies under consideration
• (a) Reservoired Areas
• (b) Rivers and Canals

5
Water Purification and Sewage Treatment

• Royal Commission 1865 and 1868
• Rivers Pollution Prevention Act 1876 and 1951
• Water Act of 1945
• Pollution Legislation 1961
• Central Advisory Water Committee 1955

6
Industrial Water Uses

• Water wheel
• Tidal power
• Wave power
• O.T.E.C.
• Hydroelectric power

7
Waterwheel

• 3 types
• Horizontal
• Overshot Vertical
• Vertical Run of the river

8
Horizontal

• Water flows out of aqueduct
• Forward motion of water causes wheel to turn

9
Overshot

• Water flows out of aqueduct from a height
• Gravity causes the wheel to turn

10
Vertical

• Placed within the river
• Rivers motion causes the wheel to turn

11
Tidal Power

• Can be used across any stretch of water which is
  affected by tides.
• A barrage is set across the water, when tide
  comes in it flows through the turbines creating
  electricity.
• When water is behind the barrage a gate is
  lowered capturing water above it.
• When low tide comes the gate is raised and gets
  pushed through another set of turbines.
• This system is a two way turbine and allows
  electricity to be produced from both high and low
  tide.

12
O.T.E.C.Ocean Thermal Energy Converter

• Designed to create electricity in warm tropical
  waters
• Warm water heats liquid
• Steam is forced through turbines
• Steam is condensed
• Cycle is repeated

13
Wave Power

• Oceans created tremendous amounts of energy.
  Wind hits the water and transfers potential
  energy to the water. To capture this energy an
  oscillating water column (OWC) is used.

14
O.W.C.

• Wave hits the OWC air inside is compressed and
  forced through air turbines.
• These have been designed to provide power for
  buoys in the sea to light their bulbs.

15
Hydroelectric Power

• Converts kinetic energy contained in falling
  water in to electricity. Hydroelectric power is
  the worlds largest renewable source of
  electricity. In Canada 60 of electrical needs
  are ascertained from hydroelectric power. 6 of
  the worlds electrical energy is produced by
  hydroelectricity.

16
Conflict

• Oilspills
• Transportation vs. damage to the environment
• Speedboats
• pleasure/recreation vs. damage to reed beds and
  bank erosion
• Arid areas
• Supply and demand for water of rival countries
• Water sports
• pleasure/financial gain vs. noise pollution and
  damage to the environment

17
Transport

• People carriers
• Travel
• ferries
• hovercraft
• cruise liners
• Entertainment
• speed boats
• rowing boats
• jet skis
• Cargo carriers and Industrial uses
• Oil tankers
• quarryed material
• cars and machinery
• fishing boats

18
Transport

• Military uses
• submarines
• aircraft carriers
• battle cruisers

19
THANK YOU!!

• Will, Rhian, Alison and Sophie