Importance of the Animal Industry

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Importance of the Animal Industry

• Benefits and Functions of Animals for Society
• Uses Domestication

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Take 3 minutes and list all the things you feel
you benefit from animals.
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Livestock

• Mammals produced on farms ranches for food
  other purposes.

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Examples of Livestock

• Cattle
• Hogs
• Sheep
• Horses

• Goats
• Llamas
• Bison

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Companion Animals

• An animal used to provide humans with fun
  friendship.
• Pets

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Examples of Companion Animals

• Dogs
• Cats
• Fish
• Rabbits

• Hamsters
• Ferrets
• Snakes
• Gerbils

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Poultry

• A group of fowl (birds) that are raised to use as
  food other products.
• Meat eggs

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Examples of Poultry

• Quail
• Ostrich
• Emu
• Guinea

• Chickens
• Turkeys
• Ducks
• Geese

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Trends in the Animal Industry

• Animal production is on a large scale facility
  specialized (1 species)
• Fewer producers
• Larger operations

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Domestication

• Taking animals from nature raising them in a
  controlled environment.
• Taming wild animals.

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CATTLE

• Tamed about 18,000 years ago for draft, meat
  milk
• Were a measure of wealth
• Christopher Columbus brought them to the U.S.

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Swine

• From European wild boar East Indian pig
• Tamed about 18,000 years ago by the Chinese.
• Brought to U.S. by Columbus

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WILD BOAR
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Sheep

• One of the first animals tamed by humans
• 4000 B.C.
• From wild big-horned sheep of Asia

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Big Horn Sheep
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Horse

• Descended from the 1 foot tall Eohippus that
  roamed North America.
• Domesticated in Asia around 3000 B.C.

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• Brought to U.S. by Columbus as pack animals for
  riding.

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Poultry

• Domesticated in India about 1000 B.C.
• Brought to new world by early explorers to
  Jamestown

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Disadvantages of Animal Industry

• 1. Animal Wastes/Odors/Environment
• Almost two trillion pounds of animal waste are
  produced per year nationally.
• Pollute environment
• Methane gas ? global warming
• about 15 to 20 of global methane emissions come
  from livestock.
• 2. Disease

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Importance of Animals

• Leather
• Wool for clothing
• meat, milk, eggs
• Pets/Companions
• Sports

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• Assistance/Service
• Laboratories
• Research

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ECONOMICS
Helps provide jobs and increases tax base.
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The Animal Industry

• 3 areas..
• 1. Production raising animals, feeding,
  reproduction

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2. Supplies servicesequipment, feed, cages,
medicines, fencing, vets, farriers
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• 3. Marketing processingslaughtering, delivery,
  packaging, stores

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Economic Importance 1. Income from livestock,
poultry and their products is about
twice that from all crops in North Carolina.
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2. Income from broilers is about 1.5 billion per
year. 3. Income from hogs is about 1 billion per
year.
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4. Income from turkeys is about one-half billion
dollars. 5. Income from cattle is about 200
million per year.
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6. North Carolina is near the top nationally in
production of hogs, turkeys, and broilers.
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ANIMAL AGRICULTURE IN THE U.S.
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• LEADING STATES IN PRODUCTION

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Number of Beef Cattle

• 1 Texas
• 2 Missouri
• 3 Oklahoma

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Number of Sheep

• 1 Texas
• 2 California
• 3 Wyoming

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Number of Dairy Cattle

• 1 Wisconsin
• 2 California
• 3 New York

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Milk Production

• 1 California
• 2 Washington
• 3 Arizona

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Number of Chickens

• 1 Ohio
• 2 California
• 3 Georgia

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Number of Swine

• 1 Iowa
• 2 North Carolina
• 3 Minnesota

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• How N.C. Ranks With Other States

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• 1 Tobacco Sweet potatoes
• 2 Hogs, Christmas trees, Trout
• 3 Poultry Egg, Collards
• 4 Broilers Strawberries
• 6 Catfish
• 15 Number of Farms

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Advantages of Food Production from Animals

• 1. Use of Marginal land
• (less desirable land)
• 2. Many By-Products
• 3. Products of High Nutritional Value

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Benefits of Animals

• 5. Recreation/
• Enjoyment
• 6. Conservation
• 7. By-Products
• 8. Research
• 9. Healthcare

• Convert Feed into Food
• Clothing
• Power
• Transportation

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By-Products

• Any product produced from an animal carcass other
  than meat is called a By-Product

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Examples of By-Products

• Stomach (Tripe)
• Blood
• Wool
• Hair
• Hide
• Manure

• Fats
• Feathers
• Bone
• Intestines
• Brain
• Glands and Organs

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TRIPEStomach flipped inside out
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• Ruminants are important b/c they have the ability
  to convert large quantities of materials which
  CAN NOT be used directly for human food.
• 80 of feed consumed by beef cattle is roughages

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80 of human population gets most of their
Protein, Fats, Iron, Vit.s, etc from Ruminant
meat 45 of Protein eaten by humans comes from
ruminants
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• Edible By-Products
• Brains, Tongue, Liver
• Oleo Stearine (Fat) in carcass used in gum and
  candies
• Hooves, horns, bones, and hides produce Gelatin
  used in Jell-o, marshmallows, ice cream, aspirin
  coatings

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Cows tongue
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Candy and chewing gum from animal fat
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• Inedible By-Products
• Leather (most valuable)
• Inedible fats produce
• Cosmetics
• Shampoos
• shaving cream
• Crayons
• Glue
• Toothbrushes
• Soap
• hair/paint brushes

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It has been estimated that 11.4 of the gross
income from beef, and 7.5 of the income from
pork, come from the by-products.
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Hides and skins are generally one of the most
valuable by-products from animals.
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The joys of potted meat!!
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YUMMY!!!.......
Ingredients Beef Tripe, Mechanically Separated
Chicken, Beef Hearts, Partially Defatted Cooked
Beef Fatty Tissue, Meat Broth, Vinegar, Salt,
Flavoring, Sugar, Sodium Nitrite.
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More By-Products

• Livestock feeds- Fish, Meat and Bone, Blood,
  Feather Meals
• Much more!!!

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HEALTH BENEFITS

• Petting lowers stress
• Having a pet or animal around builds social
  skills and confidence
• Exercise tends to increase by owning a pet

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Manures can be used as raw materials in methane
gas biodigesters.
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Other Benefits

• Hunting
• Guard
• Service
• Rehab
• Hobby

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• Explosives
• Glue
• Lanolin
• Gum
• Gelatin
• Marshmallows
• Estrogen
• Violin strings
• Honey
• Shortening

• Spam
• Upholstery
• Hot dogs
• Asphalt
• Yogurt
• Cement
• Ice cream
• Lactose
• Sausage cases

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Did you know that it takes 3,000 cows to supply
the National Football League with enough leather
for a year's supply of footballs.  Now, why do
they call it the ol' pig skin?
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More than 100 drugs for humans come from animals.
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MEDICINES FROM ANIMALS

• Premarin-estrogen
• Insulin-diabetes
• Heart valves, organsxenotransplantation
• TPA-heart attacks, stroke

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Medical By-Products from
ANIMALS
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transgenics

• Genetically engineering an animal to yield a new
  protein in its urine, milk or blood

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Premarin

• SourcePregnant Female Horse urine
• (PREgnant MARes' urINe)
• Helps ease symptoms in menopausal women
• Approximately 9 million American women take
  Premarin

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TPA

• TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR
• An anticoagulant that prevents blood from
  clotting or treating heart attack patients
• Clot buster to treat stroke
• enzyme from goats milk in 1987, FDA approved
  1996

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Insulin

• Useful in treating diabetes
• Originally came from the pancreas of cows, then
  genetically engineered bacteria, now in cows
  milk

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Human growth hormone

• Promotes body growth for smaller statues
• Anti-aging qualities
• Made in rats urine

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45,000 Americans under age 65 could benefit each
year from heart transplantation, yet
only 2,000 human hearts are available
annually
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Xenotransplantation

• Using animals to provide organs and tissues for
  humans
• pigs