New Mexico Pilot Study: Salt Creek and White Mountain Wilderness areas

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New Mexico Pilot Study Salt Creek and White
Mountain Wilderness areas
Prepared by Ilias Kavouras, Vic Etyemezian, Jin
Xu, Dave DuBois, Marc Pitchford Division of
Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute
Prepared for Western Regional Air Partnership,
Dust Emissions Joint Forum
Tempe, 11/15/2005
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Salt Creek and White Mountain areas Significant
coefficients from wind vs. dust regression
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Salt Creek EHA results
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White Mountain EHA results
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(No Transcript)
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Scope of the study and methodology
Identify the source areas that contributed to
elevated dust concentrations during the worst
dust days over the period 2001 2003 at Salt
Creek and White Mountain Wildernesses areas in
NM
Develop a metric of windblown dust for each area
utilizing
1. Dust emissions potential
Windblown Dust Index
2. Trajectory analysis
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Dust Emission Potential (DEP) for US
Wind Erodibility Group (WEG) Source US
Department of Agriculture. National Resources
Conservation Services National Soil Survey
Handbook Soil Properties and Qualities (Part
618) Data were obtained from http//water.usgs.g
ov/GIS/dsdl/muid.e00.gz - Indicator of
susceptibility to wind erosion - Classifies
soils with similar properties of the soil surface
affecting their resistance to soil blowing in
cultivated areas. - The range of valid entries
for wind erodibility group data is 1, 2, 3, 4,
4L, 5, 6, 7, and 8
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Dust Emission Potential (DEP) for US
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Dust Emission Potential (DEP) for Mexico
1. Combination of land use and WEG data for
Mexico areas near US
AVHRR Global Land Cover Classification NASA/NOAA
Pathfinder Land (PAL) data 1981-01-01 to
1994-12-31GLCF1 km, Lat/Long North America 13
classes of land cover
Data were obtained from http//glcf.umiacs.umd.e
du/data/landcover/data.shtml
8. Closed shrubland 9. Open shrubland 10.
Grassland 11. Cropland 12. Bare ground 13. Urban
and built-up
2. Divide southwest US in four regions
3. Extract WEG values for land use categories for
each region 4. Reclassify Mexico Land use data
using extracted WEG
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Divide northern Mexico into four regions
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DEP derived from land use and WEG correlations
for each region
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Differences between WEG only and WEG/Land use DEP
derived values for each cell
0.14 one WEG category
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Trajectory analysis
Identify areas where trajectory speed was higher
than 20 or 26 miles/hour during worst dust days

• NOAA HYSPLIT trajectory model
• Duration 48-h
• Frequency Every 3 hours
• Resolution 1 hour
• Starting heights 500 m.a.g.l.
• Trajectory speed (km/h) distance between two
  trajectory points
• 0 14 miles/hour
• 14 20 miles/hour
• gt 20 miles/hour
• Integration using the Kernel spatial probability
  density normalized by the total number of points

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Trajectory analysis (for White Mountain during
worst dust days, speed gt 20 mph)
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Windblown Dust Index
DEP X Traj. Density Windblown Dust
Index 0.00 lt WDI lt 1.00 A metric of the
influence of surrounding areas on Salt Creek and
White Mountain dust concentrations Highlights
areas with potential high influence Specific to
the site, trajectory speed criteria, and time
period WDI can be divided by distance from site
To - Take into account dilution en route to
site - Highlight the contribution of local
sources
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WDI Salt Creek 2001-2003 Traj. Speed gt 20 mph
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Contours of equal WDI for Salt Creek 2001-2003
Traj. Speed gt 20 mph
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WDI/distance ratio Salt Creek 2001-2003 Traj.
Speed gt 20 mph
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WDI White Mountain 2001-2003 Traj. Speed gt 20 mph
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Contours of equal WDI for White Mountain
2001-2003 Traj. Speed gt 20 mph
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WDI/distance ratio White Mountain 2001-2003
Traj. Speed gt 20 mph
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Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
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Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
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Deliverables of the study
Final report Maps of DEP for US and
Mexico Annual and seasonal maps
Identify windblown and upwind transport dust
areas And Evaluate their impact And Associate
with land cover and land use activities