Solutions

1
Solutions Solubility

• Experiment 10

2
Solutions

• A solution is simply a homogenous mixture of
  solute particles in a solvent.

3
Solubility

• Amount of solute needed to reach a state of
  equilibrium between a saturated solution and
  undissolved solute
• Can be generalized or have a specific value.
• Given as the number of grams of solute that will
  dissolve in 100g of the solvent at a given
  temperature.

4
Gases in Liquids

• Each gas will have a different solubility for the
  same liquid, meaning that the solubility of a gas
  in a given liquid is a property of the gas.
• Solubility of a gas will decrease as the
  temperature of the solution increases.

5
Liquids in Liquids

• The solubility of liquids in liquids follows the
  general rule like dissolves like.
• Two polar substances will be miscible in each
  other and two nonpolar substances will be
  miscible in each other.
• A nonpolar substance and a polar substance will
  be immiscible in each other.

6
Solids in Liquids

• How quickly or slowly a solute dissolves in a
  solvent is not related to the solutes
  solubility.
• Grinding a solute, shaking or stirring a mixture,
  and sometimes heating a mixture can help speed
  the rate at which the solute dissolves.

7
Solubility

• The solubility is the amount of solute needed to
  reach a state of equilibrium between a saturated
  solution and undissolved solute.

8
Procedural Notes

• Part 1 will be a group discussion, so you wont
  have to physically do that part.
• Work in pairs!
• For Part 3C, make sure you have enough water to
  cover the contents in your test tube.
• All solutions may go down the drain.

9
Handbook Data

• Solubilities of chemicals used in this experiment
  in g/100g H2O