China: 1400 to 1800

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China 1400 to 1800

• Advanced World History II
• 0708
• J. Lilly

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China Dynasties

• Ming (1368 1644)
• Qing (1644 1911)

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Ming Rule

• China extends rule into Mongolia and Central
  Asia.
• Organized Govt
• Civil Service Tests
• Natl School System
• Strengthened Economy
• New crops (maize, cotton, sweet potato)
• Grand Canal
• Built Imperial City as a sign of wealth

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Forbidden City
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Ming Contact with West

• Zheng He 1405 -1431
• Portuguese - 1514
• Seen as a barbaric tribe with little to offer
• Trading of goods, but also an exchange of ideas
  (Jesuits).
• But, undermined traditional Chinese values.
• Confucian ideas, architecture, and availability
  of books exchanged for inventions such as
  eyeglasses

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Ming Decline - 1644

• Govt corruption High taxes corrupt officials
• Crop yields decrease because of harsh weather.
• Major epidemic reduced the population
• PEASANT REVOLTS

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China - Manchus (Qing)

• 1644 - 1911
• Expanded empire kept out foreign invaders
• Population explosion (birth rate expansion)
• Under Manchu, assimilated much Chinese Culture
• Strong Central Govt
• Civil Service test
• Confucius ideas
• Chinese brought in to hold some govt positions,
  but banned from highest positions.

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Kangxi 1661 - 1722

• Ruled 61 Years greatest emperor
• Very tolerant of Christian missionaries

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White Lotus Rebellion

• 1796 -1804
• Widespread peasant revolts
• Corrupt officials
• Higher taxes
• Land exhaustion (pop.)
• Western Contact
• World are barbarians with nothing to offer
• China as self-sufficient
• Trade strictly regulated

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Chinese Culture Society 1400-1800

• Advanced World History II
• 0708
• J. Lilly

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Economic Changes

• Pop. increase (80 to 300 mill)
• 85 peasant farmers
• Commercial Capitalism does not emerge
• Trade Man. remained under govt. control
• Not as noble as farming (high taxes on man.)

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Chinese Family

• Society Arranged around family structure.
• Extended family lived together
• Clan system
• Extension of the extended family
• Acted as a social welfare system

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Role of Women

• Considered inferior to men strong within
  household
• Male rights
• Marriage, divorce, own property
• Expected to provide for family extended family
• Foot binding (wealthy only)

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Foot Binding
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Foot Binding