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Drugs for Lipid Disorders

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Low density lipoproteins (LDL) contribute to deposition of blockages in ... Improves all lipoprotein abnormalities. Side effect: flushing, GI complaints ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Drugs for Lipid Disorders


1
Drugs for Lipid Disorders
  • Chapter 20

2
Lipids
  • Hyperlipidemia excessive lipids in blood
  • 3 lipid types
  • Triglycerides major storage form of fat,
    provide energy 90 of total lipids
  • Phospholipids essential to building plasma
    membranes
  • Steroids cholesterol is most common type

3
Cholesterol (lt200)
  • Promotes atherosclerosis (blockages in arteries)
  • Essential for life in minute amounts
  • May be synthesized by liver is not a dietary
    requirement
  • Dietary cholesterol comes from animal products
  • Eliminated via intestines

4
Lipoproteins
  • Complexes of cholesterol, triglycerides,
    phospholipids, and protein carrier
  • High density lipoproteins (HDL) transport
    cholesterol to liver for bile synthesis, bile
    cholesterol is then excreted in feces good gt
    40
  • Low density lipoproteins (LDL) contribute to
    deposition of blockages in arteries bad lt 100

5
Lifestyles changes for increased cholesterol
  • Maintain optimum weight
  • Exercise
  • Decrease stress
  • Decrease saturated fat and cholesterol in diet
  • Increase soluble fiber in diet
  • Tobacco cessation

6
HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors (statins)
(atorvastatin)
  • First choice for dyslipidemia
  • Slow synthesis of cholesterol in liver
  • 20-40 reduction in LDL
  • Decrease triglycerides, increase HDL
  • May be taken without regard to food or time of
    day
  • Side effect rare liver damage ? monitor liver
    function tests pregnancy category X

7
Bile acid resins (cholestyramine)
  • Bind to bile acids (in intestines) which contain
    large amounts of cholesterol
  • Side effects GI complaints may bind to other
    drugs

8
Nicotinic acid (niacin)
  • B complex vitamin
  • Improves all lipoprotein abnormalities
  • Side effect flushing, GI complaints

9
Fibric acid agents (gemfibrozil)
  • Mechanism of action not understood
  • Best for decreasing triglycerides
  • Side effects GI complaints
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