1. IDE Hard Drives

1
1. IDE Hard Drives
2
HDD - EIDE

• Extended IDE (aka PATA-2)
• Also supports CD/DVD/Blu-ray drives and tape
  drives
• A max of 4 drives
• Newer boards have only 1 IDE controller
• Master and Slave
• Cable Select
• Jumpers
• 40 pin ribbon cable

3
PATA Design
Primary IDE Channel
Secondary IDE Channel
Max of 133 Mb/sec
Max of 133 Mb/sec
Slave
Master
Slave
Master
4
IDE1 and IDE2 at Startup
5
Motherboard Connections
Primary IDE controller is usually faster
ATA/66, 100 or 133. Secondary controller operates
at ATA/33
Normally, the IDE controllers Identified as IDE1
and IDE2 on the motherboard
Onboard Controllers (2 x 40 pin male ports)
6
Connecting an IDE drive
40-pin IDE ribbon cable Red line aligned with pin
1
4 prong Molex Connector
7
IDE Cables

• Ribbon
• Rounded
• No twist!
• 40 pin/40 wires
• 40 pin/80 wires

Max speed 33Mb/sec
Max speed 133Mb/sec
8
40 wire IDE ribbon cable 33 Mb/sec max
80 wire IDE ribbon cable 133Mb/sec max
9
Extract from Motherboard Manual

• The mainboard has a 32-bit enhanced PCI IDE and
  Ultra DMA 66/100/133 controller. You can connect
  up to four hard disk drives, CD ROM and DVD
  drives.

10
Very little choice in IDE drives as they are
being phased out
11
2. SATA Hard Drives
12
Serial ATA (SATA)

• No master/slave (1 device per channel)
• Hot swoppable
• SATA I 150 Mb/sec (1.5 Gb/sec)
• SATA II 300 Mb/sec (3.0 Gb/sec)
• (eventually 600 Mb/sec)
• Connects hard drives, CD drives, DVD drives, Blu
  ray drives
• 4 wire data cable, 7 pin connector
• 4 wires instead of 80 wires!
• Smaller cables promote better cooling
• Needs SATA sockets on the motherboard
• Can also add SATA functionality with a SATA PCI
  card

13
SATA Cable
4-wire data cable
7 pin connector
Motherboard SATA socket
14
SATA II Design
Drive 2
300 Mb/sec
300 Mb/sec
SATA Controller
Drive 3
Drive 1
300 Mb/sec
300 Mb/sec
Drive 4
15
(No Transcript)
16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
3. USB Hard Drives
20
4. Flash Hard Drives
21
Flash Hard Drives

• Expensive
• Fast
• 250Mbit/sec read
• 160Mbit/sec write
• Small
• Less moving parts
• More reliable/robust

22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
5. SCSI Hard Drives
25
Hard Drive Cache

• Affects speed of hard drive
• The bigger the better!

26
Configuring a Hard Disk

• Connect data cable and power cable
• Power up PC, enter BIOS
• Standard CMOS settings
• Autodetect or enter CHS values
• Create partitions
• Format each partition
• Install O.S.

27
Hard Drive Geometry

• Cylinders, Heads, Sectors per Track (CHS)
• Low level formatting
• 1 sector 512 bytes
• CHS values must be recognized by the BIOS

28
Hard Drive Geometry
29
(No Transcript)
30
Defragmenting a disk
31
CHS Exercise

• 2100cyl / 16 heads 63 sectors per track (spt)
• C x H x sectors x 512
• 2100 x 16 x 63 x 512 1,083,801,600 bytes
• 1,083,801,600 / 1024 1,058, 400 Kb
• 1,058, 400 Kb / 1024 1033.59375 Mb
• 1033.59375 Mb / 1024 1.009 Gb