Seminar 23rd November 2001

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Seminar 23rd November 2001
Other Policies Demand Management Highway
Investment
Professor Marcial Echenique
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Other Policies Demand Management Highway
Investment
1. Background Cambridge Sub-Region
2. Demand Management

• Principles

• Practice

• Proposed Tests

3. Highway Investment

• Need for Extra Roads

• Proposed Strategy

4. Conclusions
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1. Cambridge Sub-Region - Background

• 21 increase in households between 2001-2016
  42,000

• Allocation of dwellings

- Allocated
20,000
In City
2,000
Outside
18,000
- To be allocated (Structure Plan)
22,000
In and around the City
? 10,000
Outside the City
? 12,000

• Extra daily trips (8 per household) 336,000

In and around the City
120,000
Outside the City
216,000

• Potential Car Trips
  240,000

In and around the City (50 of trips)
60,000
Outside the City (83 of trips)
180,000

• Potential peak hour car trips
  40,000

In and around the City
10,000
Outside the City
30,000
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Congestion in the Sub-Region 2010
Source East of England Regional Transport
Strategy
?? Heavy Congestion
?? Peak Congestion
?? Operating Satisfactorily
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2. Demand Management

• Principles

- Adjust demand (by pricing) to available supply
- Efficiency
Allocation of scarce resource
Increases speed
Increases effective capacity
Reduces waste of resources (fuel time)
- Environment
Less emissions
Less noise
- Social equity
Improves bus performance
Political difficulties
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(No Transcript)
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• Practice

- Singapore since 1975
Reduced traffic
Increased speeds by 20 - average 37.5 miles per
hour
Increased revenues
- Norway since 1990
Oslo, Bergen Trondheim
Money used for infrastructure improvement
- London is implementing a 5 vehicle charge in
Central London
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Cordon Charging
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• Proposed Tests

- Cordon Charging
Peak Hour (7-10 15-18) 5.00 ?
Off Peak (rest of day) 2.50 ?
Residents within cordon 0.50 ?
- Second Best Workplace Parking Charges
Daily
2.50 ?
- Third Best Increase in parking charges
10-100 for on-street parking
Probable annual revenues up to 50 million to be
used for investment in infrastructure (Public
Transport, Highways, Cycleways, etc.)
Measure social impacts
Measure environmental impacts
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3. Highway Investment

• Need for extra roads

- Demand increase to dispersed destinations
- Access to important employment centres
Addenbrookes
University West Site
Northern Fringe
Eastern Area
- Linking of Park Ride Sites and Edge Locations
- Recognition of extra capacity needed CHUMMS
- Political difficulties
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Possible Cambridge Orbital
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Link Roads on Trunk Roads
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4. Conclusions

• Needs to introduce both

- Demand restrictions (Pricing)
- Supply increases in Public Transport, Cycling
Pedestrian Routes, Highways

• Measure Impacts

- Efficiency (cost-benefit)
- Social (impacts by S.E.G. and areas)
- Environmental (emissions, energy, accidents,
etc.)