Cutting Technology

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Cutting Technology

• chip removing
• the largest class of manufacturing activities in
  engineering production
• 1.87 million machine tools
• 168 billion - the total value of the machining
  operation
• numerical control of machine tools
• flexible manufacturing

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• Single point tool operations
• turning, boring, planing, and shaping

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• the peripheral speed of the workpiece - the
  cutting speed
• the mean value
• the depth of cut is
• the metal removal rate is
• b- chip width
• h- chip thickness
• fr - feed per revolution

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• Tool geometry
• ? - the side cutting edge angle
• the tool consists of a cutting insert and a tool
  holder

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• The tools

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• boring tools

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• classical system

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• 7 - turn a taper
• 8 - rough turn a tapered thread
• 9 - finish the thread
• 10 - drill a short hole
• 11 - bore the hole to a larger and more accurate
  diameter
• 12 - cut an internal groove
• 13 - cut a short thread in the end of the hole

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• Automated machine tools
• lead, set, clamp, and change tools
• control the path of the tool relative to the
  workpiece
• carry out measurements

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• Drilling operations

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• the metal removal rate
• d - hole diameter
• fr - feed rate (feed per revolution)
• n - rotational speed
• the chip area for each edge
• ft fr/2 feed per tooth
• the tangential force in the direction of the
  cutting speed v is
• the torque is
• the power is
• Ks - specific force

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Drilling Machines
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• the positioning of the spindle relative to the
  workpiece for the proper location of the hole
• if the location is specified to a close
  tolerance, this cannot be accomplished manually
  without additional aids

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• jig boring machines
• accurately positioned x, y coordinate motions to
  drill and bore holes in jigs with precise
  positions
• economical for medium size series of workpieces
• small-lot production on NC drilling machines
• mass production - use multispindle drilling
  machines as a part of a transfer line

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• Multipoint tool operations

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• the tooth period
• the mean metal removal rate is
• ar - the radial depth of cut
• aa - the axial depth of cut
• f - feed rate
• the mean power is

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• Ways of clamping milling cutters

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• Broaching
• motion rectilinear
• no feed motion
• the teeth on the tool are so arranged that they
  increase in height
• the operation is carried out in one pass
• suited to mass production of surfaces that are
  straight in at lease one direction
• for machining internal and external surfaces
• gears

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• the geometry of the broach completely determines
  the whole operation
• the machine supplies one linear cutting motion
• pull
• push type machine
• specialized (workpiece moves while the tool is
  stationary)