HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

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HAZARD ASSESSMENTAND CONTROLFaculty of
MedicineFaculty of Veterinary Medicine

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Course Learning Objectives

• Why Hazard Assessment and Control
• Become familiar with key terminology
• Identification of tasks and rank hazards in your
  work area
• Recognize control mechanisms in your work area
• Recommend control measures to eliminate or reduce
  risk in your work area
• Set accountability for implementation of controls
  
• Complete a Hazard Assessment and Control form

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Why Hazard Assessment Control

• Purpose
• To provide a safer more productive work
  environment by through proactive recognition of
  hazards and implementation of controls.
• Hazard assessment is a Legal requirement of the
  Alberta Occupational Health and Safety Code, Part
  2.

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Why Hazard Assessment Control

• 7(1) An employer must assess a work site and
  identify existing and potential hazards before
  work begins at the work site or prior to the
  construction of a new work site.
• (2) An employer must prepare a report of the
  results of a hazard assessment and the methods
  used to control or eliminate the hazards
  identified.
• 9(1) If an existing or potential hazard to
  workers is identified during a hazard assessment,
  an employer must take measures in accordance with
  this section to
• (a) eliminate the hazards, or
• (b) if elimination is not reasonably
  practicable, control the hazard.

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Ongoing Process

• Hazard Assessment is an dynamic safety
  improvement process. Assessments should be
  reviewed
• At reasonable intervals,
• When a new process or equipment is introduced,
• When processes are changed or modified,
• When there are incidents.

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Ongoing Process

• The Hazard Assessment process is a means of
• evaluating and documenting
• changes and modifications to existing and
  potential hazards
• as well as changes made to the methods used for
  elimination or control of the identified hazards.

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Hazard Assessment Responsibilities

• Responsibility for the Hazard Assessment process
  rests with the Dean, Director, or Department Head
• Every supervisor or person directing the work of
  another must ensure that a hazard assessment is
  in place for that work before proceeding
• Hazard Assessments should be reviewed when an
  incident occurs to ensure that appropriate
  controls are in place.
• Hazard Assessments must be reviewed annually, or
  when changes in processes or equipment occurs.

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Assessment Teams

• Hazard Assessments are ideally conducted by
  workgroups comprised of individuals that have an
  understanding of the tasks and the hazards within
  the workplace and can include
• Institute Centre Directors
• Department Heads
• Managers
• Supervisors
• Team leads
• Workers

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Hazard Assessment Seven Step Process

• List tasks
• Identify and list hazards
• Determine existing controls
• Categorize existing control
• Ranking of hazards
• Recommend controls
• Accountability and ongoing assessment

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List Tasks

• It is important to break the job down into
  clearly identifiable tasks so that the Hazard
  Assessment becomes manageable.
• Keep your tasks as simple as possible.
• Tasks are not steps (Work Procedures).

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What is a Task?

• Examples
• Operation of a laser or other equipment
• Working at a computer
• Teaching classes
• Handling of chemicals (flammable, toxic, caustic)

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Listing of Tasks
Material Handling
Chemical Handling
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Hazard Assessment Seven Step Process

• List tasks
• Identify and list hazards
• Determine existing controls
• Categorize existing control
• Ranking of hazards
• Recommend controls
• Accountability and ongoing assessment

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What is a Hazard?

• A hazard is a situation, condition, process,
  material or thing that may cause an injury or
  illness to a person or damaging effect to the
  environment .
• Hazardous materials are
• biological, chemical or radioactive substances
  that may cause harm or have an adverse effect on
  human health or on the environment.

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Types of Hazards

• Both health and safety hazards can be
  classified into
• Physical hazard
• Chemical hazard
• Biological hazard

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Sources Of Hazards

• People
• Equipment Materials
• Physical Environment
• Work Procedures

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Listing Hazards

• Examples of hazards that might be found in a
  laboratory

• Chemical
• Biological
• Radiation
• Fire/Dust
• Physical (Noise, Pressure, etc.)

• Electrical
• Equipment, Tools, Machinery,
• Slip, Trips Falls
• Ergonomic
• Heavy Lifting

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Identification and Listing of Hazards

• The next step is to list hazards on the Hazard
  Assessment and Control form.

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Listing of Tasks and Hazards
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Listing of Tasks and Hazards

• Heavy lifting
• Push/pull
• Slips, trips, falls

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Hazard Assessment Seven Step Process

• List tasks
• Identify and list hazards
• Determine existing controls
• Categorize existing control
• Ranking of hazards
• Recommend controls
• Accountability and ongoing assessment

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Control Measures

• A control measure is a method used to
• eliminate or
• minimize a hazard.

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Control Measures

• The closer a control is to the source of the
  hazard, the better we are able to control
  potential exposures.
• Hazards can be controlled
• ? At the source
• ? Along the path to the worker (between the
  source and the worker)
• ? At the worker (always the last choice)

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Types of Control Measures

• The types of controls used in order of preference
  (hierarchy) are
• Elimination
• Engineering Controls
• Administrative Controls
• Personal Protective Equipment.

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Types of Control Measures

• Elimination is the process of removing the
  hazard from the workplace. It is the most
  effective way to control a risk because the
  hazard is no longer present.
• Substitution occurs when a new chemical or
  substance is used instead of another chemical. It
  is sometimes grouped with elimination because, in
  effect, you are removing the first substance or
  hazard from the workplace.

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Engineering Controls

• Engineering Controls includes designs or
  modifications to worksite, equipment, ventilation
  systems, and processes that reduce the source of
  exposure.
• Engineering controls can be at the source or
  along the path.

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Engineering Controls at Source

• Types of Engineering controls that can be
  implemented at the source include
• Process vacuum instead of sweeping
• wet grinding instead of dry
• Enclosure or Isolation
• Glove Box, blasting cabinet
• Booth around process or around work area
• BSC
• Ventilation Local Exhaust e.g. fume hood,
  canopy,

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Engineering Control Along Path

• Types of engineering controls that can be
  implemented along the path include
• Barriers equipment guarding
• lock out systems
• Absorption sound baffles
• radiation shielding
• Dilution ventilation systems

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Administrative Controls

• Administrative Controls that alter the way the
  work is done. Administrative controls limit
  workers' exposures by work scheduling, educating
  or by implementing "rules".
• Timing or rotation of work (limiting exposure)
• Policies and other rules
• Procedures (SOPs and SWIs)
• Education/Training
• Housekeeping
• Equipment maintenance
• Personal hygiene practices

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Personal Protective Equipment

• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used when
  other controls are not possible and where
  additional protection is still needed.
• Workers must be trained in the proper selection,
  care, use, maintenance and storage of their
  personal protective equipment.
• Employers (SUPERVISORS) and workers must
  understand the limitations of PPE.
• Employers (SUPERVISORS) are expected to ensure
  workers wear PPE when required.

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Combination of Controls

• Sometimes a hazard cannot be adequately
  controlled by a single type of control
  (engineering, administrative, or PPE).
• When that is the case, a combination of the
  suggested methods may be required to effectively
  control the hazard.

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Hazard Assessment Seven Step Process

• List tasks
• Identify and list hazards
• Determine existing controls
• Categorize existing control
• Ranking of hazards
• Recommend controls
• Accountability and ongoing assessment

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Determining Existing Controls

• For each hazard listed on the Hazard Assessment
  and Control form for your work area
• note the type of control measures in place in
  your work area (ENG, ADM, PPE)
• detail, in brief, what the existing control is.

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Determining Existing Controls
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Determining Existing Controls
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Categorizing Existing Controls
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Categorizing Existing Controls
ENG pallet jack ENG barrel dolly ADM lifting
techniques ADM housekeeping
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Hazard Assessment Seven Step Process

• List tasks
• Identify and list hazards
• Determine existing controls
• Categorize existing control
• Ranking of hazards
• Recommend controls
• Accountability and ongoing ossessment

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Ranking of Hazards

• Ranking of hazards is a method of determining the
  relative risk posed by a hazard within the
  workplace.
• Keep in mind the controls already in place.
• The risk ranking of a hazard must consider
• The probability of an incident associated with a
  hazard.
• The severity of the consequences
• The frequency of exposure to the hazard

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Ranking of Hazards
Severity (S) Probability (P) Frequency (F)
Total Risk
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Ranking of Hazards

• Total Calculate the hazard rating by the
  following equation
• Severity (S) Probability (P) Frequency (F)
  Total Risk

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Ranking of Hazards
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Total Risk
8
7
6
6
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Prioritizing Hazards

• Prioritize the hazards by the following rating
• Total of 7, 8 or 9
• Serious (requires immediate actions, control
  measures)
• Total of 5 or 6
• Moderate (requires attention and possible
  additional controls)
• Total of 3 or 4
• Low (requires monitoring)

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Hazard Assessment Seven Step Process

• List tasks
• Identify and list hazards
• Determine existing controls
• Categorize existing control
• Ranking of hazards
• Recommend controls
• Accountability and ongoing assessment

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Recommended Controls

• For hazards that are ranked as high to medium
  risk, adequate control measures may not be in
  place.
• Determine additional control measures which will
  eliminate or reduce the risk (use the
  hierarchy)
• Make recommendations
• For low risk hazards monitor

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Recommended Controls
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Recommended Controls
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Hazard Assessment Seven Step Process

• List tasks
• Identify and list hazards
• Determine existing controls
• Categorize existing control
• Ranking of hazards
• Recommend controls
• Accountability and ongoing assessment

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Accountability, Implementation of Controls
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Accountability, Implementation of Controls

• Assign responsibility for review and
  implementation of recommended controls
• Ultimately the responsibility for completing
  Hazard Assessments rests with the Director,
  Department Head within the work area.
• Hazard Assessments should be reviewed when an
  incident occurs to ensure that appropriate
  controls are in place.
• Hazard Assessments must be reviewed annually, or
  when changes in processes or equipment occurs.

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Share

• Once completed hazard assessments are no secret!
  
• Communicate to the people covered by the
  assessment.
• Include the assessment as a part of the job
  orientation.
• Use the information for writing better job
  descriptions.
• Share good ideas with your SIT, department and
  faculty

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EHS Assistance

• For further assistance with the Hazard Assessment
  and Control process, please contact
• Roland Leitner
• Environmental Health Safety
• Phone [phone]
• Fax [phone]
• E-mail rleitner_at_ucalgary.ca

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Hazard Assessment and Control Forms

• Hazard Assessment and Control Form
• Hazard Assessment and Assessment forms can be
  downloaded off the EHS website
• http//www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/RISK/safet
  y

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Listing of Hazards

• EHS also has created a number of template Hazard
  Assessment and Control forms available for
  download at
• http//www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/RISK/safet
  y
• Your workgroup may take an existing list of
  hazards and amend them as needed.