Ludwig Erhard

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Ludwig Erhard

• "I cannot imagine that there is a single person
  who does not find he has ever-new needs."

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AIM Of THE PROJECT

• 1. Linguistic to enrich vocabulary,
• to develop communicative, writing, and reading
  competence
• 2. Cross cultural to write an essay about one
  of the greatest economists of the world
• 3. Information Technology to develop IT skills.

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Ludwig Erhardplayed a leading role in German
postwar economic recovery
                              

• Ludwig Erhard (4 February 18975 May 1977) was a
  German politician (CDU) and Chancellor of West
  Germany from 1963 until 1966. He is notable for
  his leading role in German postwar economic
  reform and economic recovery, particularly in his
  role as Minister of Economics under Chancellor
  Konrad Adenauer after 1949.

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" A compromise is the art of dividing a cake in
such a way that everyone believes he has been
given the biggest piece."

• Born in Fuerth Germany, from 1913 to 1916 Erhard
  was a commercial apprentice. After his
  apprenticeship he worked as retail salesman in
  his father's draper's shop.
• Chancellor Ludwig Erhard at his desk, in his
  house on the Tegernsee.

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BEGAN TO STUDY ECONOMICS.

• QUOTE
• " Since the day of the currency reform, the
  social market policy has been governed by the
  idea of reconciling personal freedom, growing
  prosperity and social security on the basis of a
  freely competitive economy, and of reconciling
  the nations through a policy of openness to
  international exchange."

• He joined the German forces during World War I
  1916 as an artilleryman, fought in Romania and
  was seriously injured near Ypress in 1918. Erhard
  could no longer work as a draper and began to
  study economics, first in Nuremberg, later in
  Frankfurt am Main. He received his PhD from Franz
  Oppenheimer in 1925.

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"I cannot imagine that there is a single person
who does not find he has ever-new needs."

• 1963 Chancellor Erhard on his first visit to the
  Elysée Palace in Paris, with French President
  Charles de Gaulle.

• After his graduation they moved to Fürth and he
  became executive in his parents' company in 1925.
  After three years he became assistant at the
  Institut für Wirtschaftsbeobachtung der deutschen
  Fertigware, a marceting research institute.
  Later, he became deputy director of the
  institute.

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Work on concepts for a postwar peace
1964 On the way to Paris with cabinet colleagues
(at the train window, waiting to leave Bonn, r.
to l.) Federal Foreign Minister Gerhard Schröder,

• Due to his injuries, Erhard did not have to join
  the German military forces during World War II.
  Instead, he worked on concepts for a postwar
  peace however, such studies were forbidden by
  the Nazis, who had declared Total war. As a
  result, Erhard lost his job in 1942 but continued
  to work on the subject privately. In 1944 he
  wrote War Finances and Debt Consolidation (orig
  Kriegsfinanzierung und Schuldenkonsolidierung).
  In this study he assumed that Germany had already
  lost the war. He sent his thoughts to Carl
  Friedrich Goedeler, a central figure in the
  German resistance against the Nazi government,
  who recommended Erhard to his comrades.

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After the war

• After the war Erhard became economic consultant
  for the American military administration of
  Bavaria who made him Minister of Economics in the
  Bavarian cabinet of Wilhelm Hoegner. After the
  American and British administration had created
  the Bizone, Erhard became chairman of the
  Sonderstelle Geld und Kredit in 1947, an expert
  commission preparing the currency reform.

• Before Ludwig Erhard became Chancellor, he was
  Federal Economics Minister for 14 years here he
  reads from his book, Wohlstand für alle
  (Prosperity for All), in 1957.

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Price-fixing and production controls

• Before Ludwig Erhard became Chancellor, he was
  Federal Economics Minister for 14 years here he
  reads from his book, Wohlstand für alle
  (Prosperity for All), in 1957.

• In 1948 he was elected Director of Economics by
  the Bizonal Economic Council. On 20 June 1948,
  the Deutsche Mark was introduced. Erhard
  abolished the price-fixing and production
  controls that had been enacted by the military
  administration. This exceeded his authority, but
  he succeeded with this courageous step. Former
  U.S. Chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank Alan
  Greenspan gives much credit to Erhard's
  contributions to freeing of product and financial
  markets in Europe in 1948. Greenspan states in
  The Age of Turbulence, that Ernhard's economic
  policy contributions were far more valuable to
  postwar Western Europe recovery than the Marshall
  Plan.

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Ludwig Erhard of the CDU succeeded Adenauer,
preceding a recession in 1966. This caused the
CDU to wane in power and consequently form a
coalition with SPD

• In 1949 he stood for election in a constituency
  in Baden Wuertemberg for the first West German
  parliament after the war and gained a direct
  mandate. Later in the year he is alleged to have
  joined the Christian Democratic Union (CDU),
  though this fact cannot be established by any of
  Erhard's biographers. In September, Erhard was
  appointed Minister of Economics in the first
  cabinet ofKonrad Adenauer. His party made his
  concept of social marcet economy part of the
  party platform.

• Official seat of the first Federal chancellor,
  Konrad Adenauer, in November 1949.

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ELECTED CHANCELLOR

• Reading papers on the plane.

• After the resignation of Adenauer in 1963, Erhard
  was elected Chancellor with 279 against 180 votes
  on 16 October. In 1965 he was re-elected. From
  1965 to 1967, he also headed the Christian
  Democratic Union.

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RESIGNATION

• The Chancellery in Berlin is the seat of the
  Chancellor

• On 26 October 1966, Minister Walter Scheel (FDP)
  resigned, protesting against the budget released
  the day before. The other ministers who were
  members of the FDP followed his example the
  coalition was broken. On 1 December, Erhard
  resigned. His successor was Kurt Georg Kiesinger
  (CDU), who led a grand coalition.

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A member of the West German parliament

• Erhard continued his political work by becoming a
  member of the West German parliament up to his
  death in Bonn on 5 May 1977. He is buried in
  Gmund, near the Tegernsee. The Ludwig
  Erhard-Berufsschule (professional college) in
  Padeborn and Muenster are named in his honour.

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ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

• 1. What was L. Erhard?
• 2. What is he notable for?
• 3. When was he born?
• 4. Erhard's economic policy contributions were
  far more valuable to postwar Western Europe
  recovery than the Marshall Plan, werent they?
• 5. Where did he work after the World War II?
• 6. Did Erhard abolish the price-fixing and
  production controls that had been enacted by the
  military administration?
• 7. When was Erhard elected Chancellor?
• 8. What quotation of L. Erhard do you like most?

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WEB LINKS

• WIKIPEDIA
• KANZLERIN